African Americans And Racism Laws

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, one of the leaders of the local branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People [NAACP] refused to give up her seat to a white person on a segregated city bus in Montgomery, Alabama, despite being reprimanded by the driver (Schulke 166). Montgomery, Alabama was known for its terrible treatment of blacks. The buses in particular had been a source of tension between the city and black citizens for many years (Schulke, 167). As a result of refusing to give up her seat, Rosa Parks was arrested. Rosa Parks' popularity among the black community, proved to be the spark that ignited the non-violent Civil Rights Movement (Norrell 2).

As a few white passengers boarded the bus and the white sections were already full so the driver shouted back at four black people including Rosa Parks “Move y'all, I want those two seats”. As this demand was made by the driver 3 of the bus riders obeyed to what was shouted back, however Rosa Parks remained in her seat and was determined not to move. She was arrested following the bus drivers order and fined ten dollars. This, however small incited a great wave of bus boycotts which in Montgomery black people chose not to ride the bus for a period of 381 days. This still to date is known as the moment in which the civil rights movement started to gain headway. It was the will of one woman who decided it was time for black people to take a stand and from this point on Martin Luther King was assigned to take this boycott on. Although he was assigned to take this on people also felt as he was young, fresh and people had not formulated enough of an opinion of him, there was little room for him to be hated yet so he posed as the right figure to lead this. After the many days of boycotting the case of this transport issue in Alabama went to the Supreme Court. Here it was decided that segregation was declared as unconstitutional so segregation by law was no

In the same way, the issue of racism was more opposed to people and was more openly abused in the past compare to present. African Americans were mistreated, and were slaved for a long time, and they did not have any rights until the 18th century. In 1865 and 1866 Southern states passed a laws called "black codes" which was meant to limit the rights of black and segregate them from whites; however, during the 1865 African American believed that the process of reconstruction would bring equality. The main object of reconstruction was to help African Americans become equal citizens, but reconstruction failed to help them, because the Southerners were not willing to accept the laws that were placed to give rights to the African Americans.

Rosa Parks didn’t want to give up her seat on the bus to a white man (Doc 2). The resistance method was shown by Rosa Parks. The Montgomery Bus Boycott, and which African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama protested segregated seating. The iconic March on Washington in August 1963 was they protesting method. Two goals of this March words to in the segregation rules and public schools and to have voting rights for everyone (Doc 3).

The Montgomery Bus Boycott began with the public arrest of an African American woman and civil rights activist named Rosa Parks. As stated in Document A,”Rosa Parks boarded a city bus and sat down in the closest seat. It was one of the first rows of the section where blacks were not supposed to sit… The bus driver told Rosa Parks that she would have to give up her seat to a white person. She refused and was arrested.” Rosa’s arrest sparked a number of radical events that fought against racial inequality and segregation over the span of thirteen months. The Montgomery Bus Boycott was successful because it led to the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that racial segregation among public transportation (especially buses) was unconstitutional. The Montgomery

In December of 1955, Rosa Parks sat in the front of the bus and refused to give up her seat to a white male. She was later arrested and put in jail. This caused the black people of Montgomery to initiate a boycott, the refusal to use the services of the bus company. They did this in order to gain

One method that was used to advance the cause of Civil Rights was the Montgomery Bus Boycott in Montgomery, Alabama, in the year 1955. On December 1st, Rosa Parks was arrested “after refusing to give up her seat on the bus to a white man” (New York World-Telegram and Sun). The community boycotted the bus system until December 20th 1956, when Browder v. Gayle took effect. In Browder v. Gayle, the Supreme Court ruled that segregated buses were unconstitutional. By boycotting the buses, the people put pressure on the community and the legislators.

The event that started the boycott was when Rosa Park refused to move from her seat to give it to a white passenger on a city bus. This was significant because African Americans were still required to sit in the back while the whites sat in the front of the bus. As a result, Rosa Park was arrested and fined. Although Parks was not the first, it was her arrest that lead to a protest against segregation since she was dignified and non violent. Rosa Parks’s arrest sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, during which blacks refused to ride the buses in protest over the bus system’s policy of racial segregation.

Because of the outcome of the Brown case a lot of African Americans took matter into their own hands and wanted to end forms of racial segregation. December 1st, 1955 Rosa Parks, a black seamstress and a NAACP activist denied giving up her seat to a white man. This caused mayhem and sparked a bus boycott due to the fact that Rosa Parks got arrested for not wanting to get up. This was a tactic that the civil rights movement leaders used to stop racial discrimination between blacks and whites in the United States. After more than a year of conflict, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the complete desegregation of Montgomery buses. (Hewitt and Lawson

Even though the South’s backwardness was on display for the entire country to see, there were still those who refused to give up their style of life. African Americans of southern states continued during this violent time to demand equal and fair treatment. Jim Crow laws defined them as second class citizens, required them to continue to be subservient to whites. They were unable to receive proper health care, they had to live in certain sections of town, and were forced to withstand abuse of all nature without protection from law enforcement. Through these times though, civil rights groups, such as the NAACP and movements continued to face the dangers of a hostile Southern population. In their way stood hate groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the White Citizens Council, ready to fight for their beliefs. Jim Crow laws were held up at not only the state levels but, also, the federal government. Even through adversity, the call for real freedom was heard. Many African American and even whites were inspired by great leaders such as Martin Luther King, Jr. and little Linda Brown. The courage of the African American community during Jim Crow can be summed up by Harper Lee, “Real courage is…when you know you're licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and see it through no matter

“In 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a city bus to a white man in Montgomery, Alabama. This act of civil disobedience was an important catalyst in the growth of the Civil Rights movement; activists built the Montgomery Bus Boycott around it, which lasted more than a year and desegregated the buses. Civil rights protests and actions, together with legal challenges, resulted in a series of legislative and court decisions which contributed to undermining the Jim Crow

Spearheading the Montgomery Boycott was just one of King’s noteworthy accomplishments along the realms of non-violent direct action. Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks after her refusal to relinquish her seat on a city bus, the Montgomery Boycott was a year-long bus boycott in protest against the unjust laws that segregated public buses (Azbell 114). King was chosen by community leaders of the Montgomery Improvement Association to lead said

Soon after not being able to address groups of people, they won the right to do so. The protest continued to grow as middle-class women who were financially able to protest continued to travel and protest for women's right to vote. Many women got arrested and were imprisoned. While in prison many of the women began to go on hungry strikes as an act of protest. This lead to correctional officers having to force feed them to prevent women from dying. Emily Pankhurst was a prominent figure during this time as she led many protests by marching for women's right to vote. Emily Davison took a rather deathly approach to getting citizens to pay attention to her cause by running in front of a horse. This form of protest ended in her death. The movement swept across the United States as well. Susan B Anthony and many more women began to get men to participate in their cause for women. With men involved, many people were more inclined to listen to what the women were protesting about. The protesting movement moved on to the black community during this time as well. Many prominent figures brought about drastic changes to the social norms during that period. Rosa Park was remarkable women who made an impact in segregation in the South. When black citizens wanted to use the public bus transportation system, they had to pay their bus fee, exit the bus, and walk around to the back. Rosa Parks knew these segregation laws but was not cooperative one afternoon which led to her arrest. This resulted in the Montgomery Boycott which hurt the bus transportation system financially. The boycott caused many black and white protesters not to have transportation to and from work, which brought about Martin Luther King. King formed an alternate way of transportation for blacks and whites who begin to participate in the boycott. With an increasing amount of blacks and whites not wanting to

As said by Rosa Parks,“You must never be fearful about what you are doing when it is right”.This means that when she sat in the front of the bus she was not fearful to get arrested and move because she wanted equal rights.The Civil Rights Movement was a mass popular movement for African Americans equal access to opportunities for the basic privileges and rights of U.S. citizenship. The African Americans were fighting for equal rights, and they wanted to be treated the same as everyone else. Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister and social activist, who led the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. A boycott is to stop using a product for example, the African Americans boycotted so they could stop riding the buses.The boycott was in Montgomery, Alabama. African Americans wanted to be equal to the whites because they were treated differently than the whites for everything. They wanted to be treated the way whites were being treated.The boycott took place in Alabama in 1955 and ended 1956.The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a successful protest because there were many ways besides the bus for African Americans to get around, the the bus companies lost money, and the protest were covered by the news.

During the Civil Rights movement of the 1950's and 60's, women played an undeniably significant role in forging the path against discrimination and oppression. Rosa Parks and Jo Ann Robinson were individual women whose efforts deserve recognition for instigating and coordinating the Montgomery Bus Boycotts of 1955 that would lay precedent for years to come that all people deserved equal treatment despite the color of their skin. The WPC, NAACP, and the Montgomery Churches provided the channels to organize the black public into a group that could not be ignored as well supported the black community throughout the difficult time of the boycott.