Age Of The Earth Essay

There are three main layers on the Earth. The first is, the crust, the outer layer of Earth. It’s everywhere, on dry land and the ocean floor, however it’s

How we know what our planet's density is because of over “300 years ago Sir Isaac Newton calculated the Earth's core density by observing the movement of planets and the force of gravity.” Still today, his observations are correct “his observations remain largely correct today, and monitoring of the Earth in space, as well as the behavior of the moon and planets, continues to provide information about the relative density of the Earth's core and its composition.” Consequently, the study of neighboring planets has helped us discover the density of Earth's

One of the main theories that Thales stated was that earthquake is a result of the earth hitting or colliding with a powerful wave. Thales believed that the earth was a hard substance that was floating in the water. Since the earth had more water in the form of seas and oceans, therefor many waves exist. Following that a powerful wave could collide with the earth and cause an earthquake. Thales reasoning was due to some factors. First, there were no chances that there was a discovery of the difference between the hard matter of the Earth and its fluid.. Secondly, his reasoning could be easily proved as right by putting a floating substance in a basin of water. When this happens, the floating object could be shaken by the waves produced in the basin. However, a scientist had proven that the current continents were once a single substance that has disintegrated to the current continents. By following the continents shapes that resemble a puzzled and perfectly attached as a whole. Secondly, Thales believed in the existence of a

Some rock’s in the Earth’s interior that are solid, are so hot that, if the pressure on these were released, or they are convected into a lower pressure zone, they could begin to melt

Throughout history, science has always faced challenges from outside groups who work to mold science to their beliefs, ignoring evidence and commonly held facts. Following in the legacy of the flat world and an Earth centered Universe, young Earth creationists bend science to fit their explanations of the Earth’s origin and timeline. Evidence for the ancient age of the Earth is present in every discipline of Earth science and directly refutes claims made by young Earth creationists. It is important to examine these claims and rebut them, as their denial of proper scientific understanding hampers progress and has wider implications for the future of our society.

APSC 151 MIDTERM FALL 2017 1) Compared to the age of the Universe of about 14 billion years, the currently accepted age of Earth is about ________ years as determined by using radioactivity for dating rocks and minerals. A) 4.6 thousand B) 4.6 billion C) 5.4 million D) 13.7 billion 2) The ________ division of the geologic time scale is an era of the Phanerozoic Eon. A) Paleocene B) Paleozoic C) Permian D) Proterozoic 3) The Earth's core was formed from ________. A) a massive nickel iron asteroid that was the nucleus upon which Earth condensed B) high density radioactive carbon C) the left over nickel and iron that would not fit into the earlier formed crust and mantle D) molten iron and nickel that

About 30 to 40 million years ago, molten, metal-bearing rock deep within the earth’s crust began to push toward the surface and formed Bingham’s ore deposit. Volcanoes erupted above the evolving ore body. This particular ore body contains primarily copper, gold, silver and molybdenum.

The lithosphere is basically the strong outer shell of earth. It is roughly 100km thick depending on its age, and is broken into plates, known as the tectonic plates. Within the lithosphere is the crust as a portion of the upper mantle.

It has been known for well over a century now that the Earth’s core, mantle and the crust make up the basic structure of the Earth. However, there is some controversy over how and when the Earth produced its core, mantle and crust. In this essay, I will first discuss about the formation of the Early Earth and its Moon, then about the methods used to pinpoint the age of the Earth. Other than that, I will also expand on core and mantle formation, as well as the eventual production of the continental crust.

In the beginning, impacts of very large objects were very common, some as big as Mars or half the diameter of Earth. Collision of large bodies orbiting Earth played a role in its initial tilt of spin axis, the length of its day, direction of spin, and the thermal state of the interior. This violent bombardment continued for 3.9 billion years. Final composition of Earth had several crucial structural effects. Enough metal was present early on to allow formation of an iron and nickel rich core that is partially liquid. This enables a magnetic field that deflects some harmful radiation from reaching the surface. Enough radioactive elements are also present in the core to maintain long term heating which drives plate tectonics. At 4.5 billion years ago, Earth separated into different layers: an inner core (made of iron and nickel), a land layer of lower density material, and an early atmosphere of carbon dioxide and steam. At 3.9 billion years ago, surface temperatures dropped to a range where liquid water could be maintained. Liquid water makes up approximately 75% of the planet's surface today which is roughly what it was then. The most important requirement for life as we know it is the presence of liquid water. This is the one substance that can serve as a universal solvent - that is, it can dissolve and transport minerals and

the Earth at tremendous velocities causing them to join the molten and create a crust

This difference can be easily explained. Recall that this collision and the dislodging of matter occurred when the Earth was young and molten. As these dislodged pieced formed into the Moon and settled into the orbit that we have become familiar with, the Earth would continue to age. Its rotational properties would begin to shape the Earth and the molten nature of its youth would sit at the core. There is no argument that the core of the Earth is a molten one. However, the pieces that broke off and formed the Moon would not be an exact replica of the Earth as a whole and its orbit would be significantly different than the rotation of the Earth. As such, the Earth would continue to shape, develop, and acquire additional heavy materials that would be lacking on the created Moon. One may be poised to ask why, then, if the Earth continue to develop is the crust of the Moon similar to that of the Earth's crust. The answer here lies within the confines of the collision and creation of the Moon. While the Moon may lack duplication of the Earth and, as such, be missing heavy materials that the Earth possesses, it is still made by parts of the Earth as a result of the impact. As these parts coalesced into the Formation of the Moon, the effects of the gravitational pull and rotation would account for the similarity in the crusts of both the Earth and its Moon,

Following the asthenosphere is the mantle. The mantle is about 1,800 miles deep and can vary in temperatures anywhere from 900 to 1700 degrees Fahrenheit. The mantle makes up eighty-five percent of the total weight and mass of the earth. The mantle is an important layer of the Earth because it adds to the gravity of the planet. The Mantle is also responsible for the movement of the Tectonic Plates over the Earth which comes from the decay of radioactive elements in the Mantle that cause the convection currents. This causes the movement of the tectonic plates. Therefore, this convection is responsible for shaping the Earth's

Earth is in fact an intricate planet that has multiple layers of differing compositions. To be exact the earth has four main layers. The uppermost layer is the one humans come in most contact with, the crust. The crust consists of “thin silicate rock material”(Structure of the). Although the crust is not entirely the same. Actually there are two distinct types of crust, oceanic and continental. “The continental crust is made up of mostly rocks similar to granite while the oceanic crust is much denser and made up of a material similar to basalt”(Structure of the, Rose). The second layer is called the mantle. “The mantle is much denser than the crust and contains similar to the crust mostly solid silicate crust”(Structure of the). “As we travel further down the earth we wind up in the outer core. The outer core is a core of molten nickel and iron. Finally there’s the inner core. The inner is a solid metal core made up of nickel and iron”(Structure of the). All these layers functioning together cast out a magnetic

The continental crust consists of igneous and sedimentary rocks. The oceanic crust consists of the same with a substantial layer of sediments above the rock. The crust covers the outer ridged layer of the earth called the lithosphere. The lithosphere is divided into seven main continental plates. These continental plates are constantly moving on a viscous base.