20 April 2016
Chapter 1
1. Agency Problems of MNCs
a. Explain the agency problem of MNCs
The rudimentary agency problem of MNCs involves the conflicting goals between the managers and shareholders of a specific company. These problems arise because MNCs usually hold global subsidiaries, which are more difficult to monitor and manage due to their distance. These problems may also occur due to conflicting decisions made by the company, which may or may not be agreeable with the shareholders.
b. Why might agency costs be larger for an MNC than for a purely domestic firm?
Agency costs are larger for an MNC because they deal with holdings around the world. These corporations are large-scale companies that cost more money to run then domestic
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3. Imperfect Markets
a. Explain how the existence of imperfect markets has lead to the establishment of subsidiaries in foreign markets.
The existence of imperfect markets has lead to the establishment of subsidiaries in foreign markets because the factors or production are static. The cost, labor and various resources associated with changing means of any production are usually highly restricted. Moreover, there are also restrictions placed upon the transferring of money and resources between countries.
b. If perfect markets existed, would wages, prices, and interest rates among countries be more similar or less similar than under conditions of imperfect markets? Why?
If perfect markets existed and labor, production and resources would be able to move wherever demanded, there would be equality among wages, prices and interest rates, less similar conditions then imperfect markets. Within a perfect market, there would be no comparative advantage for any country, therefore no desire for international trade or investment.
4. International Opportunities
a. Do you think the acquisition of a foreign firm or licensing will result in greater growth for an MNC? Which alternative is likely to have more risk?
I think licensing will result in greater growth for an MNC because it allows a firm to spread their products and services throughout foreign
16. Which of the following can induce a firm to expand into the international arena?
Exporting, licensing, and using trading companies are preferred modes of international market entry for firms with a(n) ____ structure.
Managers and shareholders are the utmost contributors of these conflicts, hence affecting the entire structural organization of a company, its managerial system and eventually to the company's societal responsibility. A corporation is well organized with stipulated division of responsibilities among the arms of the organizational structure, shareholders, directors, managers and corporate officers. However, conflicts between managers in most firms and shareholders have brought about agency problems. Shares and their trade have seen many companies rise to big investments. Shareholders keep the companies running
The foreign partner can also become a competitor by selling its production in places where the parental company is already in.
D. It would probably see no change in its revenue position as its competitors would raise their prices accordingly.
B. Compare U.S. business practices to practices in your proposed country for each of the following: Product, Price, Promotion and Place The marketing mix should be taken into consideration as Company X considers expansion int the China market. It is important to
II. Assess the legal implications of moving business abroad specific to your chosen country. What are the advantages and disadvantages?
a. According to the textbook, the reasons that provide motivation for companies’ international expansion and describe them.
Which of the following reasons for diversification is most likely to increase the firm’s value? a. increasing managerial compensationb. reducing costs through business restructuringc. taking advantage of changes in tax lawsd. conforming to antitrust regulation
d. Does the firm appear to have an effective corporate governance structure? Explain any shortcomings.
Conflicts between stockholders and creditors Conflict between shareholders and creditors is common for the company which use debt capital to form an optimum capital structure. As mentioned earlier, agency relation exist when one party works as an agent of the principal. In an organization management
Perfect competition: in this competition, no participant dominates the market thus; no specific seller has the power to set the prices of homogeneous goods. This therefore makes the conditions of a perfect competitive market stricter than the rest of the market structures. In this market, AT&T should be willing to sell their services in a certain price that reciprocates to their demand to maximize profits.
The objective of MNC to operate in other countries is to gain competitive advantage through several ways. Firstly, MNC is able to take advantage of difference in country-specific circumstances. For example, MNC may choose to locate its productions in less developed country like Vietnam to gain cheap labor cost. Secondly,
A perfect competition structure has zero entry barriers with a lot of firms. This means it has a large number of competitors, with
Companies can decide to go global or to enter international markets for various reasons, and these different objectives at the time of entry that enable the business to produce different strategies and the performance goals, and even forms of market participation.