Agile Software Architecture Written By Christine Miyachi

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What is agile? “Agile” was first introduced in 2001, by a team of software engineers looking to improve their adaptiveness and responsiveness to ever-changing requirements. Not knowing where to begin, the team began by formulating principles, which they would use to guide their new development process. Which, in turn, lead to the creation of the Agile Manifesto, and thus a new methodology was born.

This article by Phillip A. Laplante and Colin J. Neill of Penn State University explores the rumors of the demise of the waterfall model. The Waterfall process model progresses software products linearly from conception, through requirements, design, code, and test (Neill, 2004). The Waterfall method was developed in 1970 by

Team B Smith Consulting Week Five Draft University of Phoenix Intro To Software Engineering BSA/385 Frederick Douglas Taylor Jr. June 4, 2012 Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Software Development Process 3 Quality Assurance Process 4 Procedures 4 Engagement Approach Description 4 Table 1.1 GUIDELINE FOR DECIDING DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGIES 6 Management Projects Description 7 Figure 1.1 Major Project Management Activities 7 Client Relationship Description 7 Program Specification Documentation 8 Figure 1.3 9 Test Planning 14 Test Strategy 14 Static Testing 15 Figure 1.4 15 Functional Testing 15 Structural

The agile software methodology uses teams that are self-organized and can develop incremental periods of work rather than working for long periods of time. Having face-to-face collaboration is preferable over written documentation. It tends to be more adhesive and produces better products in the end. Having the ability to change the direction/plan at any point during the project is possible. If change is not accommodated throughout the project, the team will not have set realistic expectations and it will be difficult to meet the anticipated deadline time period. The agile methodologies value the individual and interactions between the team over processes and other tools. When the agile software development approach is used, the team is

He identified insufficient communication between development groups and stages. In 2001 a group of individuals came together to form the “Agile Manifesto” This was to address Dr. Royce’s earlier discussed issues with the traditional method of software development and a possible methodology to solve this ever existing problem. The agile Manifesto was birthed and thus 4 major values and 12 principles for the agile methodology was set.

The Waterfall and The Agile Model comparison The waterfall model was legally introduced as an idea through a paper that had been published by a man called Winston Royce in the year 1970. However, due to the waterfall model being introduced by Winston Royce himself, it had been introduced as an example of a flawed software development method, which was vulnerable due to its shortcomings. The waterfall model philosophy had been inherited from the hardware manufacture and construction strategies that had been in practice in the year 1970s; therefore it had a structured approach to the software development itself. In comparison to the agile methodology, which developed in the year 1990s where the developers had decided to break away from the traditional structured, segmented and administrative approaches, which were being made to the developed software, and progressed towards more of the flexible development styles. The term Agile can be referred to as being lightweight methods, which had been declared in a research paper in the year 1974 by Edmonds. Furthermore, some of the most noticeable and common agile methods of the software development that subsequently had been evolved were known as Scum in the year 1995, 'Extreme Programming ' in 1996, 'Adaptive Software Development ', 'Dynamic Systems Development Method ' in 1995 and 'Feature Driven Development '. In the year 2001, a team of developers in the agile software development had declared the agile manifesto. The agile

Agile methods are one of the most recently conceived methodologies for developing software intensive systems. Agile methods refer to a family of methods that tend to favor working code over documentation, individuals over tools, collaboration over negotiation and thriving in volatile environments over following a plan ("Agile Manifesto" 2001). However, agile methods are not indicated for all projects; project managers, with organizational support, must decide if agile methods will provide the most benefit over conventional software engineering methods for developing new software intensive projects.

I.INTRODUCTION Over the last 13 years, since the publication of Agile Manifesto, Agile has become very popular and there has been a steady rise in the adoption of agile development methodologies resulting into an increased volume of successful projects and highly motivated and self-organized IT development teams. This paper describes Agile

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The original Waterfall model has a foundation that is supported by two distinct characteristics. First, the methodology is rooted in the fact that that the software be developed in stages. “Originally created by Benington in 1956 and later modified by Royce in 1970, the quintessential Waterfall model is linear and sequential in evolution, typically with milestones at each phase of development. (Pavolka, 2005). As seen in figure 1 (Ruparelia, May 2010), the typical thresholds consisted of Evaluation, Requirements, Analysis, Design, Development, Validation, and ultimately Deployment. The evaluation phase, at the aggregate level, helps to reveal the situation at hand. The requirements phase is arguably the most important phase of the Waterfall plan as it lays out the project statement and sets the framework and expectations for the project. The next phase, Analysis, works as a comparison between what capabilities are needed versus what constraints currently exist. That leads into the Design phase in which the software developers determine the architecture required to meet the customer’s expectations taking into account the constraints previously identified. Development is the next phase that takes the inputs from the Design phase and outputs a tangible product ready for testing. The testing or Validation phase is the process in which the software is checked for two things: a) any and all bugs are identified and removed and b) the original scope of work including all

Due to its characteristics, the Waterfall method has some really good advantages towards it. First of it, the client knows what to expect. After all the requirements gathering and analysis a well estimated project is presented, with a good idea of the size, cost, and timeline for the project. More than this, the client will have a definite idea of what their program will do in the end. Secondly, its meticulous record keeping allows the ability to improve the existing program in the future, and because of waterfall’s strong documentation it allows for minimal project impact when facing an employee turnover. These two main points, predictability and well-documented projects are the Waterfall flagship in an industry that pursue the best cost

Today when the software industry is progressing rapidly, software usage and demand is expanding. Software development is going to be more complex day by day. Changes requirements from the customers make it more difficult and complex. Old approaches of software development are no more useful in present scenario. They are not able to satisfy customers’ needs in given time [1]. As a result new approaches and methodologies are bringing evolved. These new approaches have more helpful to make a productive and flexible product. In modern research, to construct new mind-maps in a particular area of interest, comparison

/**Agile methodologies are a relatively new set of software development approaches created to tackle the issues of traditional methods and increase productivity and accuracy of software systems produced by a self-organised team of developers. Agile methods increase productivity which means more frequent delivery to clients and faster completion times. This shorter time span between deliveries means high-priority functions are implemented first and so more value is delivered to the clients during development, so software has increased value to the customer earlier in the development process so customers are happier that the development is going well because they get a working piece of software and so there is higher development visibility for clients.