Air Column Lab

Purpose: To learn about the international system of units (SI), to become familiar with common lab equipment and techniques, to gain proficiency in determining volume, mass, length, and temperature of a variety of items using common laboratory measurement devices, to learn to combine units to determine density and concentration, and to use laboratory equipment to create serial dilutions and determine the density and concentration of each dilution.

There are several sources of error to this experiment due to random and systematic errors. The only source of random error was the measurement that we took through the graduated cylinder which was only accurate to the nearest 1%. We took the largest error from this one percent, which was +/- 3. The largest relative error this yielded was only 3%, so this did not affect how precise this experiment was too much. We can still make this more precise by making the masses of the water larger. For example if we started the masses at 300mL and went up by 50mL, the largest error this would yield would be 2% due to the largest error being +/- 5. This would cause smaller errors in the amount of water.

    One possible source of error that can affect the results was that a mercury thermometer was used instead of an electronic one. The use of a mercury

The purpose of this experiment is to measure the speed of sound in air and to determine the effects of frequency on the speed of sound.

Abstract: This experiment introduced the student to lab techniques and measurements. It started with measuring length. An example of this would be the length of a nickel, which is 2cm. The next part of the experiment was measuring temperature. I found that water boils around 95ºC at 6600ft. Ice also has a significant effect on the temperature of water from the tap. Ice dropped the temperature about 15ºC. Volumetric measurements were the basis of the 3rd part of the experiment. It was displayed during this experiment that a pipet holds about 4mL and that there are approximately 27 drops/mL from a short stem pipet. Part 4 introduced the student to measuring

Lastly using the theoretical value for the RLC circuit and Equation 2, we calculate a Q-factor of Q=0.19. This low Q-factor indicates that the peak of the curve is not very sharp and there could have been overdamping, which potentially increases the error in reading the resonant frequency, especially for the reading by

When compared to the theoretical value, we had a 2.6% error in our experiment. Any errors that occurred maybe due to a too low intensity

Another possible way to measure the speed of sound would be going into a large area and having one person yell while other people stand a certain distance away. Everyone would time how long it takes for them to hear the person yelling. Then, to find the speed of the sound the distance would be put over the time it took to hear the noise. Although this lab would have possible sources of error including human reaction time and other factors, a constant velocity should be

Musicians know that all vibrating objects make sounds. Frequency measure how many times a string vibrates up and down. If a musician changed the length of the string, it also changed the frequency. High frequency will always equal a high pitch. When an octave is increased the frequency will double. Pythagoras discovered different sounds could be made with different weight and vibrations. Due this discovery, they also realized pitch could be controlled by the length of the string.

g Kim Chem 127 Ian Shaw November 30, 2015 Equilibrium Lab Objective: The goal of the equilibrium lab is to discover the equilibrium constant for the reaction SCN- and Fe3+. In addition, this lab introduced the concepts of Le Chatelier’s principle and reintroduced Beer’s Law. In addition, this experiment used the spectrophotometry to measure the equilibrium concentrations of FeSCN2+.

Have you ever wondered why glass bottles made a sound, kind of like a music note? Well, this paper will explain how this works. The paper will be talking about sound, sound waves, standing waves, musical note names and frequencies, resonance, and closed-end air columns. Closed-end air columns will be a main focus in the paper, studying the physics behind it. Glass bottles are an example of a closed-end air column. Therefore, the more water inside the bottle, the lower the note, and less water would be a higher note.

Procedures: Methods for data collection in this experiment include using five PVC pipes of different lengths (increasing by 10 cm. each time) and using only one frequency (1000 Hz) sound to find the result of the data. The PVC pipe will lie on a flat surface where it is stable enough to support the pipe. Then, using the computer generated frequency; it will be placed on one side of the pipe. Next, the app will be placed on the other end of the pipe and will record the frequency in hertz. Now this will be tested again for a total of 5 trials for each pipe length.

Natural occurring reverb goes further back than man on earth. Since before man, creatures and nature made sounds that created natural reverb and echo. But now in today’s age with men and the modern technology that they have created there are all sorts of ways to create reverb and echo. From big metal sheets to plug-ins in a DAW on a computer, engineers have found ways to incorporate and benefit from reverb and echo on a recorded audio track. But before skipping into today’s ways of recording reverb and echo let’s shed some light on what reverb and echo truly is and where it came from.

The data supports the hypothesis "If the frequency of a sound increases, then the wavelengths of a sound will decrease, because the wavelength is the speed of sound divided by the frequency." The experiment supported the hypothesis because the experiment showed that the relationship between wavelengths and frequencies is as hypothesized. In all cases, as frequency increased the wavelength decreased. When the speed of sound is divided by the frequency the calculated wavelength was not equal to the measured wavelength. This difference is because standing waves were used for measurements and standing waves do not have the same constant as the

Assume the relationship between the vibrating period T and vibrating length L is in accord with the equation: T=kLn, where k and n are both constant values.