Air Pollution In Cultural Properties Nishiyama Yoichi Summary

Pollution was first introduced in October 1948, Donora, PA; was enveloped in a lethal haze. Lethal is harmful and is sufficient to cause death. During this people experienced severe respiratory problems. It was difficult for them to breath. The death rose nearly to 40. But this wasn’t a surprise since Donora was no outsider to pollution. Since pollution has long plagued Donora with dirty air.

In the past decade, the severe air pollution problem in fast developing countries, particularly in China, has caused highly social and scientific attention. In 2014, 92 % of the world population are exposed over to the WHO Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) PM2.5 concentration level of 10 μg/m3 (World Health Organization, 2016). Ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution ranked as the third leading risk factor in India and Nepal, and ranked as the fifth in China (GBD 2015 Risk Factors Collaborators, 2016). In 2012, about 3 million deaths globally were attributed solely to ambient air pollution, and around 87% of it occurred in low- and middle-income countries (World Health Organization, 2016).

Yes, I agree with your post. I just would like to comment regarding the air pollution. The pollution in the air causes quite a few problems in the nineteenth century such as: the trees started to dye, the smoke irritated the nose and they was prone to other diseases. “The poor immigrants and blacks who lived and worked in crowed inner cities were especially prone to diphtheria and pneumonia” (Merchant, 120). The air pollution was mainly in the towns where there was coal burning

Arizona is on the rise as one of the fastest metropolitan areas in the United States of America. In fact, in 2015 Forbes Magazine ranks Phoenix, Arizona as the 11th fastest growing city in the U.S.1 This growth is due the unprecedented resources and growing opportunities in the state of Arizona. With all of these opportunities come more production, which means more emissions from various industries and cars, more fossil fuels burned, and household and farming chemicals added to the sky. All of these are examples of pollution; which is one the sacrifices that comes with being a large city that is emerging. Pollution is defined as the action or process of making land, water, air, etc., dirty and not safe or suitable to use.2 We understand that Phoenix is a rapidly growing city, but they should be able to grow without being a detriment to the environment and health of their citizens. The purpose of my report is to examine the problem of air pollution in Phoenix, Arizona and look at solutions to fix this problem.

Beijing, China has a coal mining history of nearly 800 and some odd years. This has been a major air pollutant and the main reason for it is because its economy has grown substantially in the last 30 years. Worldwide, there are twenty cities with the highest, worst air pollution, sixteen of those cities are within China alone. The main causes of Beijing’s air pollution can be pointed to several factors. Large economical growth, an increase in vehicles on the roads, growth in population, and manufacturing. China has also experienced major economic growth with a large rise in Gross Domestic Product. This increase can be connected with pollution. Vehicles are just one contributor to pollution which we will discuss later in this paper.

A Ghanaian and founder of Smart Youth Volunteers Foundation, Lailah Gifty Akita said “Laziness has made our cities unclean. If we begin to work and act appropriately, we will clean our cities of any dirt.” People’s self-centered personality had caused the pollution, and if people think more about the city and implicate to help then people can get rid of the pollution. So, as the city that suffers from one of the most serious pollutions, Beijing air quality is a getting worse every year because of the dearth of citizen support. Also, Beijing population is increasing and as people increase so do the number of cars. Unfortunately, the amount of trees shrinks, and the Beijing government cannot reduce the use of coal that is unnecessary. Consequently, Beijing suffers from air pollution as a result of high population density, commercial use of coal, and lack of citizen involvement.

Air contamination can hurt us when it aggregates at high amounts all around in sufficiently high concentrations. A huge number of Americans live in ranges where urban brown haze, molecule contamination, and poisonous toxins posture genuine wellbeing concerns. Individuals presented to sufficiently high levels of certain air contaminations may encounter: bothering of the eyes,nose, and throat, wheezing, hacking, mid-section snugness, and breathing troubles. Compounding of existing lung and heart issues, for example, asthma. Increased danger of heart disease What's more, long haul introduction to air contamination can bring about malignancy and harm to the invulnerable, neurological, conceptive, and respiratory frameworks. In extraordinary cases,

Air, is one of the most substantial source to mankind and our planet. While it exists, so does everything else along. However, in today’s epidemic, there has been certain factors that have increased in understanding whether the air we breathe today is healthy or not? Is it doing more harm than we thought? In other words, the health risks against air pollution have risen in the past few decades; all from what you may ask? Well, it could be for various factors and evaluations; either environmental or materialistic. Pollution is a major public health crisis in the world. (Friis, 2012). This is one of the conflicts that contribute to various aspects of an individual’s life, whether they may realize it or not. In this paper will include the sources that cause pollution with the effects it cause as well as policies on the regulation of air pollution.

Air pollution is not a modern concept confined to the twentieth century or to the industrial

In the past few years, the air pollution in Beijing becomes more and more serious. Frequent smog weather cause social disordered and serious harm to the health of residents. The number of respiratory diseases increased. Citizens live in a bad living condition. Because of the smog, we have to stop all outdoor works and activities. It also caused great economic losses. So we must do some thing to control the air pollution.

Air pollution is now recognized as the world’s single largest environmental and human health threat. In 2014, the World Health Organization estimated that 7 million people worldwide die annually as a result of air pollution, and estimates that 92% of the world’s population lives in places where air quality levels exceed safe limits., A new groundbreaking study published on October 19, 2017 in the Lancet Journal of Medicine has now linked air pollution as a cause of 9 million deaths globally. While concerns of pollution related deaths are much more prevalent in many Asian and developing countries, it can certainly become a relevant issue in North America if proper precautions are not taken. For instance, numbers released by Statistics Canada from the 2016 Canadian census shows the population of Toronto has grown 6.2% since 2011, well above the Canadian national growth rate of 5.0% over the same period of time. As a city on the forefront of innovation, Toronto is in a position to invest in a smart city application that can track air quality throughout the metropolitan area, allowing the city to take control of its future by ensuring a high quality of living for its ever growing population.

When the air is contaminated by different types of harmful gases & particles ,then it is called air pollution .The addition of harmful chemicals to the atmosphere may be defined as the presence of one or more contaminants such as dust, fumes, gas, mist, odor, smoke or vapor in the atmosphere which may prove to be injurious to plant, animals and human life (Perkins, 1974).. The most serious air pollution results from the burning of fossil fuels, especially in internal-combustion engines(The American Heritage,2002).It means air is a transparent matter consisting of nitrogen & oxygen. may be defined as the presence of one or more contaminants such as dust, fumes, gas, mist, odor, smoke or vapor in the atmosphere which may prove to be injurious to plant, animals and human life (Perkins, 1974). In 2009, Johan Rockström (Stockholm Resilience Center) and a group of researchers from Europe, the U.S. and Australia, tried to identify the Earth-system processes and associated thresholds which, if crossed, could generate unacceptable environmental change . They found nine such processes for which they believe it is necessary to define planetary boundaries. Their analysis suggested that three of the Earth-system processes — rate of biodiversity loss, climate change, interference with the nitrogen cycle have already transgressed their boundaries (Rockström J, Steffen W, Noone K, Persson Å, Chapin FS, 2009).So, we have to reduce these kind of pollution at any case . in a

Regardless of sensational advancement cleaning those air since 1970, air pollution in the proceeds of the united states should damage people’s wellbeing and the surroundings. Under those clean air Act, epa keeps on working for state, neighborhood What's more tribal governments, different national agencies. furthermore, stakeholders to decrease air contamination and the harm that it reasons ((United States natural insurance Agency,2017).

Gary Moore states in his book Living with the Earth that one of the first recorded air pollution events in the United States happened in 1948 in Donora, Pennsylvania. Pollutants from steel manufacturing in the area caused an inversion, the phenomenon whereby cool air is trapped underneath warmer air above and air pollutants are trapped. Seventy people died and over six thousand people suffered from symptoms such as nausea, headaches, and irritation to the eyes, nose and throat. Deaths due to air pollution have also occurred in Los Angeles and New York (410). In addition to a threat to humans, air pollution can also be a major risk to nature.

Most people have felt or took in the air pollutants coming from a car but little did they know what the consequences that smell or the soot may present. Many times people breathe in the air pollutants that come from the cars we drive, but how many times do people actually stop and think of what it might be doing to ourselves and the world around us and perhaps how we could possibly fix it? The black smoke, and sometimes invisible pollutants, are causing harm all over the earth without people realizing it. Car pollution can cause disruption to human 's health, the environment, and the cities in just a matter of time and in many different ways.