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Colloid Essay

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Colloids:
Variation in the choice of colloid for intraoperative fluid management happens to be the case in every institution. Albumin has been solely favoured for the maintenance of colloid osmotic pressure in infants and neonates . The most frequently used plasma expander in this population. (150)

Albumin Several advantages of Albumin in neonate include being the main preserver of the colloid osmotic pressure in plasma (75 %), it is an important binding site for certain metabolites (e.g., bilirubin), free fatty acids and drugs. (151) Albumin has been characterized with a reduction in oedema and inspired oxygen concentration requirements in ventilator-dependent hypoalbuminemic preterm infants, compared with …show more content…

Therefore constant assessment of blood loss must be estimated by weighing blood soaked sponges, recording blood and fluid losses using calibrated miniaturized suction bottles and visual estimation of blood lost on surgical drapes. Factors determining allowable blood loss are estimated blood volume, haematocrit value, cardiopulmonary and general medical condition and risk versus benefit of transfusion. (162) Whenever blood is ordered for a neonate in small volumes, it is usually received in a syringe (50 ml) which cannot be transfused using the standard blood set. Infusion pumps are commonly used to transfuse the blood received in syringe aliquots for accurate rate‑ and volume‑controlled administration, crucially during surgery. (164)

Fresh Frozen plasma (FFP): It is administered to replace clotting factors lost during massive blood transfusion, for disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and for congenital clotting factor deficit. Patients with known clotting factor deficits will likely require transfusion of FFP before blood loss exceeds one blood volume. In comparison, healthy patients who don’t have coagulation factor deficits at the beginning of surgery do not necessarily require FFP until blood loss exceeds 1 and probably 1.5 blood volumes. (6) Platelets: Dilution during massive blood loss must be avoided or complications such as thrombocytopenia as a result

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