Alcohol Syncope

The inverse effects between the consumption of stimulant like caffeine and depressant like alcohol has been well established over the years. Alcohol has a paradoxical effect that makes it first appear as a stimulant (American heart association, 2015). The two faced nature is due to ethanol the most active ingredient in alcohol. Alcohol slows down the nervous system by acting on the brain’s inhibitory neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid. Studies have shown Bradycardia (slow or decreased heart rate) in people who consume too much alcohol (ehealthMe, 2015). Drinking alcohol can completely alter a person’s concentration, mood, and coordination (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 2013). Too much consumption of alcohol could

Drink spiking has become somewhat a recurring problem within our society today. The incidence of drink spiking can lead to serious repercussions and ruin the lives of both the victim and bystander. Drink spiking occurs when a person deliberately adds alcohol or drugs to a drink without the consent of the drinker. This means that the individual could become incapacitated unexpectedly. Drinks are spiked for a number of reasons including amusement or to facilitate sexual assault, rape and theft. The side affects include feeling drunk or drowsy, mental confusion, hallucination, memory loss, nausea or vomiting, seizures, loss of consciousness and a severe hangover when you have had little or no alcohol to drink (H.Grimly, 2005). It should be a major priority to prevent this occurrence for the benefit of our current and future generations. Drink spiking can happen anywhere, at any time.

The pathophysiology of Alcohol affects virtually every organ system in the body. Therefore, consuming to much alcohol in high

Alice is an 18 year old female with a long history of drug use with a recent focus on inhaling paint fumes containing toluene. When tested, she was unable to complete sobriety tests. She walks with a broad ataxic gait, her eye movements show abnormalities, her hands tremble when she

F.C. is a 54-year-old man with a history of chronic heavy alcohol use. He has frequent bouts of gastrointestinal bleeding for which he has been hospitalized on six separate occasions over the years. He continues to drink and exhibits most of the common manifestations of alcoholic cirrhosis. He was recently hit by a car and was hospitalized for a broken leg. He appeared to be under the influence of alcohol at the time of the accident and had a blood alcohol level of 0.18. F.C.’s family reports that his mental functioning has deteriorated significantly over the past few months.

Her drug screen showed positive benzodiazepines and blood alcohol was negative. Troponins were negative. Also, her initial work up showed acute kidney injury with a creatinine of 1.84, and potassium of 5.8. Her chest x-ray showed small amount of infiltrate in the right lower lobe. The CT scan of the head did not show any acute changes. The abdominal CT scan showed constipation and 6 mm opacity in her bladder. She had an electroencephalogram (EEG) which revealed diffuse generalized nonspecific encephalopathy. In addition, there was slowing of the left hemisphere consistent with left intracerebral lesion. The assessment diagnoses were acute respiratory failure (ABG of 87.287, pCO2 of 45.2, pO2 of 380 and biacarbonate of 20 on vent settings), altered mental status, attempted suicide, infectious process, medication use, hyperglycemic nonketotic, and less likely cerebrovascular accident given that her CT scan of the head was normal. She was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit under the care of Dr. Modupe Kehinde. She was intubated for airway protection and remained intubated until 5/23/2016 (7 days). She was on ventilator and was given nutritional support

High blood pressure is also referred to ‘silent killer”. Hypertension leads to stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure, and ultimately death, if the issues are not diagnosed early and well- treated (James et al., 2013). The association between high blood pressure and alcohol consumption was also studied according to which measurement of patterns of time, were recorded with reference to elevations in blood pressure due to alcohol consumption. It was found that a considerable increase in blood pressure at the time of morning; was associated with alcohol consumption independently of smoking by means of a dose-dependent pattern. There were twelve fold increments in risk for heart diseases in Men with severe hypertension. In addition, hypertensive patients, if drink alcohol then risk increases further and leads towards stroke (Hillbom, Saloheimo & Juvela,

Brathen, G., Ben-Menachem, E., Brodtkorb, E., Galvin, R., Garcia-Monco, J., Halasz, P., ... Blackwell, W. (2010, September 6). Alcohol-related seizures

The effect of alcohol on

“Drink spiking occurs when a person deliberately adds alcohol or another drug to a drink without the knowledge of the person who will be drinking it. This means the person could become intoxicated unexpectedly. Drinks are spiked for a number of reasons. These include amusement or to facilitate sexual assault, rape or theft”(Lievore). The couple was facing an eviction from their landlord regarding loud noises and chaos caused on a weekend night. The couple had no idea about the scene they caused and woke up to a complete blur. “I had bruises and cuts on my body. Everything was upside down, clothes were outside of cupboards, pictures had been thrown on the floor.” The fiancé who experienced identical memory gaps, was asked by his landlord to leave the apartment because of what he feared to assume was a domestic violence case. “Sexual assault is also commonly linked with drink spiking. Estimates suggest that one-third of drink spiking incidents are associated with a sexual attack”(Lievore). This couple was at a local bar on the Gold Coast called Waxy’s. They believed that their drinks were spiked and took tests to find out for sure. The blood tests confirmed that they had been drugged and showed that they both tested positive to methamphetamine and tranquillizer benzodiazepines. The landlord then let the couple stay trusting that something like this would not happen again. Chances are the couple was drugged to either sexually assault the female, or to violently assault the male. Crime is evidently a problem on the Gold Coast. “About a week before this incident the Gold Coast paramedics were called to a large spate of drug overdoses and incidents involving 21 people who had taken synthetic hallucinogen called N-Bomb” (Womens weekly). The Gold Coast most categorically faces a problem with crime. “Schoolies” was approaching,

Alcohol in the short term could affect John by lowering his inhibitions and making him relax, as well as slowing his reaction time and coordination. His brain activity could be slowed and sensory perception less clear. His speech could be slurred and he could be sleepy and have disrupted sleep patterns. If he drinks too much, he could experience nausea and vomiting, breathing difficulties, alcohol poisoning and fainting.

Immersing Daphnia in the ethanol indicated an increase in the heart rate. This relates to the fact that alcohol can have a big impact in the live of humans. Since the cross sectional part of the heart relates to that of humans. The increase in the heart rate enabled me to understand more about the how the increase in the heart rate when ethanol (Alcohol) is present in the body it can affect one's blood pressure [1]. In contrast, high blood pressure is somewhat indicates how one’s heart is beating really fast. This means that at as the heart is pumping blood through the vein and arteries in the body. The force the heart is using to pump the blood through the artery walls can cause a tear or damage of the arteries which can lead to death. Furthermore,

Someone is sitting at a restaurant bar. A waitress walks over handing out free shots, so he takes one. One leads to two, two leads to three, and so on. Before he realizes it, he is talking louder than ever, tripping over his own feet, and causing a scene. Toward the end of the night, he walks into someone’s table, as he is heading out of the restaurant, knocking over their meals. He tries to say something, but all that comes out is mumbling. The next morning, he is feeling dizzy, has a pounding headache, and does not remember anything from the night before.

The effects associated with alcohol are produced by the ethanol in the alcohol. The severity of these effects is reflected by the concentration of alcohol in an individual’s blood, which is dictated by the amount of alcohol ingested, the volume of blood, the individual’s metabolism, and amount of time since ingestion. In large doses, alcohol acts as a depressant of the central nervous-system. A blood alcohol level of 0.1% affects some of the motor areas of the brain associated with speech, balance and manual dexterity. A blood alcohol level of 0.2% depresses all motor functions and the area concerned with emotions is depressed. At a blood alcohol level of 0.45% the entire section of the brain that handles perception is depressed and the individual becomes comatose. At a blood alcohol level of 0.7% the parts of the brain that control the heartbeat and breathing are depressed and the individual

In Jill Dombrauckas’s (2015) report, she discussed that the Pennsylvania DUI Association made a large amount of researches about alcohol’s effect on body systems. In one research, alcohol affects the central nervous system which means when the individual drink alcohol, the messages that are carried to and from the brain and the body’s muscles can be slowed delivery. For example, the incoming signals from the brain, like the painful sensory that will decrease the injury’s awareness. Also the signals from the brain to the muscles will lead the motor skills becoming insensitive.