Alderfer's ERG Theory Of Motivation

Some people argue that leaders are born. Others argue that leaders are made because of the environment. Each person believes leaders possess certain characteristics that make them "good" rulers. I believe leaders are made, they are taught what is wrong and right, and they are taught how to be a certain kind of leader in the context of their environment. I want to discuss what makes someone a "good" leader. Is a good leader efficient and adaptable or is a good leader born with predetermined qualities that dictate how they will rule over a kingdom or state? In Hsün Tzu 's "Man 's Nature Is Evil," Tzu discusses the idea of man being born evil but with the ability to consciously work towards goodness. "Good" is a goal men strive towards; man is inherently evil, leaders are born evil just like the rest of the population, just like the subjects they try to rule. Leaders have to strive towards goodness just like the rest of the common people. Or, is a good leader someone who is consciously striving towards goodness, someone who rejects vices and desires, someone who makes an effort towards being a good leader? Abu Nasr al-Farabi proclaims that there are twelve natural qualities a perfect ruler must be born with in "Perfect Associations and Perfect Rulers." Al-Farabi 's work contradicts Tzu 's teachings. Al-Farabi thinks that people are born where they will be the most useful in serving their purpose. He thinks rulers are born with perfect qualities and commoners are born in a

It is easy to presume that that person is in the position they are in because of money, connections or an extraordinary intellect. We may suppose that any adversity or problems that this type of person has encountered are on another level to those that we face. Perhaps we don't imagine that there were private obstacles to overcome, personality traits that needed adjustment or adaptation, that private insecurities or personal failings had to be surmounted. It is simplest to assume that the role of leadership was cut out for him/her alone. More often than not, one imagines that the "leader" in an individual emerges early on in life, apparent from an early age: a bright child with above average intelligence, active in all walks of life, successful in anything that he puts his/her hand to, popular with peers and admired by elders. But nothing is that simple.

In Lesson 6, Dr. Fischer explores the ideas of whether leaders are born or made. In some cases certain traits such as extroversion, conscientiousness, openness, and emotional intelligence can suggest that leaders can in

When being asked if a leader is “born” or “made”, I always say it is both. I believe a person needs to be born with certain personality traits in order to be effective leader, but also they have to be taught different skills so they know how use their personality traits. By combining the different theories, I believe we can see what it takes to be leader. They must have the traits of emotional stability, open to experience, conscientious, and intelligence. They also need to go through different experiences and situations in life in order to be taught more leadership skills. I think an excellent example of a leader was the first United States President, George Washington. I will use George Washington’s life to show a leader needs to be both

Many may measure leadership in success, however, leadership is also measured in personality. The phrase “born to be a leader” holds true when considering the qualities a leader must possess. To be an effective leader, first it must be understood that respect, logical problem solving, and confidence without arrogance is key; these qualities are present in the leaders of the novel The Lord of the Flies as well as in modern leaders of today’s society.

As a growing debate, the question at hand is whether great leaders are born with specific leadership traits, or if one can be taught certain traits over time. According to (Wikipedia.com) the approach of listing leadership qualities, often termed "trait theory of leadership", assumes certain traits or characteristics will tend to lead to effective leadership. I believe that leadership traits such as honest, competent, initiative, inspiring, hardworking, intelligent, and the ability to lead the masses, are some of the leadership traits one should possess. Within this paper, I will examine the overall concept of leadership traits, while observing the traits that were, or can be associated with successful leaders.

Not everyone can be a leader, but the people who can have certain qualities that make him or her great. Some are strong, bold, and brave. Some are smart, caring, and clever. But in every instance, there is something that separates a leader from the common man.

The world of business has undergone radical and dramatic changes in the last decade changes that present extraordinary challenges for the contemporary manager. A manager is an organizational member who is responsible for planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the activities of the organization so that the goals can be achieved. According to a widely referenced study by Henry Mintzberg, managers serve three primary roles: interpersonal, informational, and decision-making. Management is process of administrating and coordinating resources effectively and efficiently in an effort to achieve the goals of the organization.

According to the ERG theory "existence needs are the desire for physiological and material well-being, relatedness needs are the desire for satisfying interpersonal relationships and growth needs are the desire for continued personal growth and development"(Schermerhorn, Hunt, and Osborn 2005, p.5 chpt.6). For the same reason's that Maslow's theory would not be a good choice for this organization to use to motivate their sales staff; the ERG theory is also not suited for this type of employee group.

Similarly, Mintzberg’s view also has some weaknesses. He defines management as what managers actually do and summarized 10 roles theory (Mintzberg, 1973). However, it is not certified what managers actually do is what managers should do. The aim of management studying is to find the best way to manage and organise organizations. In Mintzberg’s study (1973), his research object is five American chief-executive officers. These managers may have very successful career and good reputation, but it does not mean their behaviours of managing businesses are the best; maybe there are any other methods which can reach higher achievement. In addition, it is also not certified that what CEOs do is same as what managers do. There are three different levels of managers in organizations: top-level managers such as CEO, middle-level managers and first-level managers. They are all responsible for different areas, which means their roles should not be identical. Therefore, these make Mintzberg’s administrative theory not perfect.

I believe you learn about leadership by acting as an example. You should be prepared to do the things you are asking others to do by getting on your hands and knees, if need be, and get your hands dirty. This engraves a picture into the mind of an employee or subordinate to what type of a manager you are. In this paper, I will cover the role a manager plays in an organization describing four functions of management: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. I will then describe three traits: conceptual, human, and technical, which an individual must possess to become a successful manager within an organization and how they fit in with the four functions.

Clayton Paul Alderfer was a psychologist who was born on 1st September, 1940 in Pennsylvania. He expounded Maslow’s hierarchy of needs by integrating it into the existence, relatedness and growth model. He is also the proponent of frustration regression principle. This paper is a critique of Alderfer’s existence, relatedness and growth (ERG) model and its application today in the world of business.

Clayton Alderfer proposed the ERG theory of motivation. According to Alderfer, there are three groups of core needs: Existence (basic material existence, safety needs); Relatedness (social and self-esteem needs); and Growth: an intrinsic desire to grow and self-fulfillment. Contrary to Maslow’s theory, he proposed that more than one need may be operative at the same time and if the

The paper will explore different theories of Management, include Henri Fayol and Henry Mintzberg. This section of this paper provides an overview of functions, roles and skills required of a manager. What is Management? Management can define as the process of reaching organisational goals by working with and through people and other organisational resources. (Management Innovation, 2008).

In today’s competitive landscape, organizations must utilize every resource to its fullest in order to achieve profitability. Peter F. Drucker, who is known as “the founding father of the discipline of management”, informs us that employees are assets, which should be treated as a company’s most valuable resource. The key players involved in utilizing this valuable resource are the managers of a company. Managers have a vital role in a company and the effort they put forth into their tasks and responsibilities will directly affect the success of a company. In Drucker’s book Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices (Revised Edition), he explains the role of a company’s management team and the secrets to becoming a great manager.