AlexMccourt The Student Room Biology Notes

8. What type of membrane does the dialysis tubing represent? Give an example of this type of

As the lab introduction explains, osmosis is relatively permeable to water and will follow solutes. By instinct, the water will move from a more diluted solution to more of a concentrated solution. The products of the experiments concluded the physiological significance of osmosis by how cell membranes in the body are semipermeable meaning that only certain molecules can pass through it. When intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid are at equilibrium by non-penetrating and concentrated solutes, no net movement of water goes in and out of the cell. Furthermore, if the ECF changes in osmolality, then depending on the difference between the ECF and ICF will determine whether water moves in or out of the cell. This is important in the cell membrane as small differences in osmolarity correspond to large, rapid change in osmotic pressure, causing cells to gain or lose water. In sum, our body makes critical decisions in what molecules are allowed to penetrate the cell membrane and make sure that our red blood cells don’t cause any problems within the

The carrier then returns to its original shape, releasing the two K+ions and the remnant of the ATP molecule to the inside of the cell. The carrier is now ready for another pumping cycle” (McCance & Huether pg. 29)

13. Understand the transportation of potassium and sodium across plasma membranes. (p. 10 bottom right, p. 20 bottom right, p. 21 diagram)

Transport- Transportation of oxygen, nutrients and hormones to cells and removal of metabolic wastes such as carbon dioxide, heat and nitrogenous wastes.

Selective reabsorption occurs straight after ultrafiltration and this involves the filtrate running along the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), “through the loop of Henle, and along the distal convoluted tubule” as cited by (Parson’s, R: p129). But it is important to note that the proximal convoluted tubule’s walls contain microvilli which supply a big surface area for the reabsorption of helpful materials from the filtrate into the blood. Other helpful solutes, for example vitamins, amino acids, glucose

3. What would happen to the amount of H+ secreted into the renal tubule if the activity of the Na+ /K+

1. What two parameters are responsible for creating the movement (filtration and reabsorption) of fluid across the capillary wall?

Metabolism is the word for every chemical reaction that takes place within a living organism. The energy is released from the food by respiration.

Formation of urine = in the DCT and collecting ducts, water movement out of the body is regulated by ADH.

List three criteria cells use to select materials to enter or leave the cell. Then explain the role of each criterion in determining the type of transport a cell will use for different sized molecules. For instance, small molecules move across the membrane by diffusion, given they are moving with the concentration gradient.

Using your knowledge of the pathway of blood, explain the flow of blood through the

Water is the most abundant compound in the human body. Water is ESSENTIAL for the process of homeostasis. Water increases the volume of blood which in result affects blood pressure and the heart rate. Also, if there is a drop in blood volume there is also a drop in the blood pressure. This then triggers us to become thirsty, and drinking water increases the volume again stabalizing the body.

Exercise 1: Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability: Activity 3: Simulating Osmotic Pressure Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. Which of the following is true of osmosis? You correctly answered: c. It is a type of diffusion. 2. Which of the following occurs when a hypertonic solution is added to cells? You correctly answered: d. The cells shrink. 3. The variable that affects osmotic pressure is You correctly answered: a. the concentration of nondiffusing solutes. 4. The net movement of water would be into the cell in a You correctly answered: b. hypotonic solution.

distal tubule adjusts the ionic balance of the body by changing the amount of sodium