All And Its Effects For Lymphoblasts

– Increased WBC will indicate infection, or secondary to trauma (stress reaction); in rare cases may signal hematologic disturbance (i.e., leukemia)

Leukemia is a cancer of blood cells, specifically white blood cells that are responsible for fighting infection. However, the abnormal cells in leukemia do not function in the same way as normal white blood cells. Leukemia cells continue to grow and divide, eventually crowding out normal blood cells. The end result is that it becomes difficult for the body to fight infections, control bleeding and transport oxygen (Medicine Net, 2015). It is estimated that each year, approximately 30,800 individuals will be diagnosed with leukemia in the United

This disease can also affect adults and it accounts for more than 5,000 new cases each year (National Cancer Institute, 2008, p. 1).

So Artificial ionizing radiation is one of the reasons and it's a type of energy released by atoms that travels in the form of electromagnetic waves or particles. Viruses which are infective agents. Benzene which is a colorless volatile liquid hydrocarbon present in coal tar and petroleum. Hair dyes like when you change the color of your hair. genetic predisposition. some studies researching family history and looking at twins have indicated that some people have a higher risk of developing leukemia because of a single gene or multiple genes. Down syndrome, experts say that people with down syndrome have a higher possibility of getting leukemia. “The last one is Electromagnetic energy, experts can't really prove that this is a cause, but they do say it is a slight

are more than 400,000 cases in the United States alone, and more than 2.5 million

About 10,730 children in the United States under the age of 15 were diagnosed with cancer in 2009 (American

Low blood counts are a key feature of myelodysplastic syndrome which is the reason for the many symptoms these patients experience. The three types of cytopenia that people with Myelodysplastic Syndrome experience are anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia which are all low blood cell counts of the three blood cells. Cytopenias can cause anemia, the inability to fight off infections, easy bruising, and spontaneous bleeding. This can be due to the lack of blood cells in the blood stream, but also from dysplasia of the blood cells from the disease. If the cell is deformed, it may not be able to provide the same function as a healthy cell, resulting in the same effect as having cytopenia. Myelodysplastic syndrome is a gradual process and is

Exposure to toxic chemicals used in pesticides, may cause aplastic anemia (Musser, 2006). Drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and some antibiotics, can cause aplastic anemia. A viral infection that affects bone marrow may develop aplastic anemia in some people. Viruses linked to the development of aplastic anemia include hepatitis, Epstein-Barr, cytomegalovirus, and HIV (Musser, 2006). Blood transfusion treatment is used to control bleeding and relieve symptoms. Blood transfusions are not a cure but it relieves signs and symptoms by providing blood cells that the bone marrow is not producing. Over time, your body may develop antibodies to transfused blood cells, making them less effective at relieving symptoms. The use of immunosuppressant medication makes this complication less likely (Musser,

ALL and CML are very different from each other because they have different risk factors, symptoms, and treatments. First of all, ALL is a type of leukemia that begins from the bone marrow and make it produces white blood cells, and it could be mortal in few months if not treated. In addition, these leukemia cells invade the blood cells very quickly. In contrast, CLL is slow-growing cancer that starts in bone marrow, and it affects the red, white, and platelets blood cells. Moreover, people who have CML do not have any symptoms for at least a few years. Second, the risk factors of ALL are radiation exposure, certain chemical exposures, and inherited syndromes like Down’s syndrome and Ataxia-telangiectasia. On the other hand, CML risk factors

The production of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets happens in bone marrow. The bone marrow produces extra white blood cells when an infection occurs. According to Gordon-Smith (2013), the main function of white blood cells is to respond to infection in the body by killing the pathogen. However, traumatic bone marrow injury may cause the abnormality of blood production. Snyder (2012) states, extreme exposure to the toxin, such as benzene can harm the bones and affect the production of blood. The condition calls Leukaemia or blood cancer, which is the development of excessive amount of abnormal white blood cells. As the result, the bone marrow is not able to produce mature white blood cells. According to Cancer Council Victoria

Secondary MDS occurs because of damage to the DNA from chemotherapy or radiation therapy previously given to treat another medical condition, and is often associated with more complex chromosomal abnormalities. These classifications help doctors plan treatment and predict a patient's prognosis. About 13,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with MDS each year and approximately one-third of the patients with MDS develop AML. MDS is often rare in people younger than 40, so most people that are diagnosed with MDS are older than 60. Death from MDS is often caused by bleeding and infection from low blood cell counts or after the disease becomes acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Doctors use many tests to diagnose MDS and some of the tests may also determine which treatments may be the most effective. In addition to a physical examination, there are several tests to take to diagnose MDS, including: blood tests, peripheral blood smears, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, molecular testing, cytogenic analysis and

Initial symptoms are not specific to ALL, but worsen to the point that medical help is needed. They result from the lack of normal and healthy blood cells because they are crowded out by the malignant and immature leukocytes (white blood cells). These shortages noticeable on routine blood tests and, in addition to bruising, can cause symptoms like fatigue (due to anemia), weakness, dizziness, loss of appetite, shortness of breath, fever (due to low numbers of white blood cells), persistent infections, bruising, purpura, petechiae, and bleeding from the gums, nose, and skin (Shead et al., 2014). Laboratory

Basically, when the immune system reacts in a tremendous way toward certain infection, it may produce more chemicals and cytokines than the normal range in the blood stream. However, as the range of these chemicals increase, it may induce blood clots which as it circulates in they body may block the blood supply to some tissues or damage other organs (World Sepsis Day., n.d.).

Risk factors in having this kind of cancer could be from family history of it or infection from autoimmune diseases. Receiving an organ transplant from a donor with the possibility of having some hereditary pattern of this cancer could give you the cancer. Other risks of acquiring HL or NHL are long exposures to certain chemicals like pesticides, fertilizers or organic solvents, or infection from particular viruses for example Epstein- Barr, human T- lymphotropic virus type 1, HIV/ AIDS, hepatitis C or certain bacteria (H- pylori).

There are two main and four specific types of leukemia. The two main types are acute leukemia, which is fast growing, and chronic leukemia, which is slow growing. The four specific types of leukemia are chronic lymphocytic (CLL), acute lymphocytic (ALL), chronic myelogenous (CML), and acute myelogenous (AML) that were discovered in 1913. About three quarters of children diagnosed with leukemia have acute lymphocytic which peaks as early as two to four years old. This cancer kills more children that are two or fifteen than anything else. To determine whether the cancer will be chronic or acute is to look at the cell lineage. The blood cell that becomes cancerous explains what type of leukemia it is. Depending on if the white cells, the red blood cells, or the platelets can determine exactly which leukemia it is. “Adults can get either type; children with leukemia most often have an acute type” (Leukemia: MedlinePlus). For a child to get a chronic leukemia is very rare. Now it is known that the cancer starts in the bone marrow, which is where blood cells are formed. Leukemia causes the body to create too many abnormal cells and these abnormal white cells cannot fight infection and also lessen the amount of red cells and platelets. Some of the risk factors of this cancer are large doses of ionizing radiation, being exposed to benzene for a long period of time, rare viruses, genetic disorders, and