Allergy Pills Lab Report

To begin the separation of the sucrose from the Panacetin, approximately 3 grams of Panacetin was transferred to a 125-mL Erlenmeyer flask. Added to the flask was 50 mL of dichloromethane to dissolve the Panacetin to aid in the separation. A fluted filter paper was used to filter the Panacetin and dichloromethane mixture by gravity using a glass funnel. The remaining filtrate was set aside than transferred to a separatory funnel and the substance on the filter paper was dried and weighed. The filtrate was extracted with 2 increments of 25-mL portions of aqueous 1 M sodium hydroxide. During this step the filtrate in the separatory funnel was shook and vented 3 times.

Discussion The third experiment of the semester involves identifying an unknown component of Panacetin, a common pain relief medication, separated and precipitated in the previous experiment. Although Panacetin’s label reports this third ingredient as Tylenol, there is controversy over the true classification of the third substance. This Panacetin label also reports that the unknown constituent makes up 50% of the composition of Panacetin, compared to aspirin’s 40% composition and sucrose’s 10% composition, meaning that it is currently unknown what half of the drug people ingest is identified as. Research results have failed to repeatedly show that the third component of Panacetin is Tylenol, which leads to the hypothesis

Introduction: Terrestrial isopods, also known as pill bugs, are comprised of a variety of different species and are known for their adaptability to different environments, which have certain wavelengths of light and sufficient water and nutrients to survive (Danielson et. al. 1976). They are usually found in moist, dark areas because they are extremely vulnerable to dehydration and need a sufficient amount of water to survive (Wagler et. al. 2013).

The purpose of our experiment is to test animal behavior and reactions to a change in environment. Our guiding question is, “Why do living organisms respond to environmental factors?” This is basically a question that is asking why living things will react a certain way to environmental changes. The task to answer this question is to experiment with changing environmental factors with pill bugs.

Unfortunately, this topic affects a lot of people, taking away their freedoms. “Among them are… Zondenta McCarter, a sixty six year old woman, a first offender, poor and illiterate, suffering from diabetes, described as naive, trusting and childlike… sentenced to 8 years in prison.” (Schlosser, 4) The author explains that just because she used something once that she’s a dangerous criminal, but if she wasn’t apart of violent crimes she shouldn’t be getting such a harsh sentence. Mark Bennett interviewed some of the criminals, “18 were pill smurfers… single mothers… yet all of them face… sixty to 120 months.” (Bennett, 1-2) None of them were violent crimes, sadly, they get sentences that not only affect them but their families and the world.

The downward slope in Figure 2 displayed a degradation. The suggested stored conditions for Goodsense tablets were listed as 20 C to 25 C (68 F to 77 F) on the pill bottle. Degradation seemed to hasten when placed in extreme conditions such as a temperature of 70.0 C and a relative humidity of 75.0 like in this study. The percent label claim of cetirizine decreased over the seven weeks. In addition, the HPLC displayed an unchanging inactive ingredient during the progressing weeks inside the environmental chamber that was not present in the control

1. Go to http://www.particleandfibretoxicology.com/content/pdf/1743-8977-6-12.pdf (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. and get a general sense of the article with a focus on the figure. Notice the way that the confidence intervals are graphically portrayed. The histograms (bar graphs) display at the top of each bar the point estimate (mean) and the little ┬ arising from the top of the bar measures the distance between the point estimate and the point estimate + the standard error of the mean (SEM).

The experiment investigates the damage that asteroids do when they hit the Earth, focusing on the size of the crater left behind. This is done with the use of a golf ball and a tray of sand. It was discovered that the height that the golf ball (asteroid) was released from is directly proportional to the size of the crater. To investigate the relationship between the height of release of the object and the size of the crater left when the object hits the sand.

Aspirin induce bronchospasms prevalence is 0.6 - 44% overall and 21.1% in asthmatic patients and 29.9 % in patients with a previous incident of aspirin induced bronchospasm. 5 The wide range is due to patients without a history of asthma or Aspirin induced asthma being less prone while patients with a history if asthma being more apt to aspirin induced bronchospasms especially patients with asthma and nasal polyps.5 NSAIDs like ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac (strong cyclooxygenase inhibitors) have reported cross sensitivities in aspirin intolerant patients of 98%, 100%, 93% respectively.5 However, low inhibitors ( acetaminophen) and non-inhibitors( meloxicam) of cyclooxygenase 1 are better tolerated in patients with cross sensitivity6 ;and only tend to induce bronchospasms at

The physician, Dr. Petrov, wanted to provide medications to his homeland through Project Assist. He was willing to take expired medications with him from the local hospital. Other clinical data required to effectively analyze this case include the types of medications involved, the expiration date, and how the patients will be monitored for side effects. Different classes of medications demonstrate different properties. If one medication expires tomorrow with no change in its safety and efficacy, it does not mean another medication have no change as well. It is also important for us to know the expiration date because most medications that have been expired for a longer period of time tend to be much less effective.

drug reference standard is a standardized substance which is used as a measurement base for similar substances. Where the exact active substances of a new drug are not known, a reference standard provides a calibrated level of biological effects against which new preparations of the drug can be compared. drug reference solutions and patient education materials put the best available information into the hands of clinicians and patients. They supply critical information regarding dosage, efficacy, interactivity and allergies, even suggesting alternate therapies as appropriate. Drug reference Standards are highly characterized physical specimens used in testing by pharmaceutical and related industries to help ensure the identity, strength, quality,

Randy can ask his boss Cheryl in the medical warehouse company Meeker, to get the extended expiration date validated by the pharmaceutical manufactures. This is because though most drugs, especially tablets and powders only lose their potency marginally due to a three-month extension of the expiry date, there are some drugs like antibiotics, insulin, some liquid formulations which degrade after the expiry date stipulated by the manufacturer. Some of the antibiotics treatment protocol requires stipulated potency and dosage to be

The main purpose of all the regulatory agencies is to protect and enhance the public and animal medicine products. Excipients has always been authorised to be used as food additives it was determined by their toxicology by the JECFA (Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives), which deals with assessing the risk of consuming additives [1]. Unfortunately not all pharmacopoeias such as US pharmacopoeias or British pharmacopoeia contain all monograph for all excipients it is because some companies can withhold such information for many reasons [5]. However, the European commission has revised the guideline on ‘excipients in the label and package leaflet of medicinal products for human use’, which has provided a crucial

If you have problems with allergies, the triggers for your symptoms may be obvious. If you get watery eyes and a scratchy throat every time you're around a cat, you can be fairly certain you're allergic to cats. If you have frequent allergy symptoms and can't seem to figure out why, your doctor may recommend you undergo allergy testing. These are two common forms of testing you may have done.

Flucloxacillin is extensively used in the treatment of various infections caused by susceptible organisms. It breaks down easily in the presence of moisture and the breakdown products are responsible for the hypersensitivity reactions in susceptible individuals. This study sought to investigate the effect of starch and plain carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on flucloxacillin stability, determine the rate of reaction for the decomposition of flucloxacillin in the presence of starch and plain CMC and finally to determine the amount of starch and plain CMC that retards/slows down the decomposition of flucloxacillin: Fixed amounts of flucloxacillin sodium (250mg) were mixed with varying amounts of dried starch and dried plain carboxymethyl cellulose (plain CMC). The formulations were put in airtight containers and kept at room temperature (25±2°C) for two and half months. Iodimetry was used to monitor the amounts of flucloxacillin in the formulations over the stated period. The formulations with the dried plain CMC were more stable than formulations with dried starch. The percentage flucloxacillin breakdown for the dried starch formulations were 28.47, 24.67, 27.32 and 25.20% respectively for 75, 125, 150 and 250 mg of dried starch respectively. The percentage flucloxacillin breakdown for the dried plain CMC formulations were 27.40, 22.63, 23.07 and 20.57% respectively for 75, 125, 150 and 250 mg of the dried plain CMC The breakdown process followed first order kinetics. The rate