The text is an extract from chapter 8 in Jon Krakauer’s adventurous nonfiction book, Into Thin Air, based on the 1996 Mt. Everest disaster. In the text, the author utilizes simile, alliteration, and symbolism to describe the hazardous climb in Mt. Everest to the readers, which the danger further illustrate the theme of conflict of values.
First of all, similes are used to informs readers about the deadly climate on Mt. Everest. When sunlight exposes, the author mentions the ice walls “amplifying radiant heat like a huge solar oven” (line 4). The simile compares the radiant heat to a huge solar oven, which emphasizes the heat of the climate as huge solar oven produces extreme heatwaves. Although this comparison is an exaggeration, it succeeds
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Everest. When the author climbed up the mountain, he wrote that he “slogged steadily up the glacier” (line 8). The letter “s” in “slogged steadily” is an example of alliteration. Through alliteration, Krakauer informs that the climbing is gradual and exhausting as he had to “slog steadily” to reach the destination. Going up “slogged” already refers to Krakauer's hard effort, but adding another word starting with the same letter emphasizes the point once again. This describes one disadvantage. The author highlights another disadvantage as he states the force from the malicious altitude makes him feel as if “afflicted by a raging red-wine hangover” (line 20). The “raging red-wine” is another alliteration that emphasizes the intensity of the atmosphere in Camp Two. Through the representation of the author having an intense hangover, readers are informed how tough climbing Mt. Everest is. The toughness also reveals the theme as hikers encounter value conflicts. Hikers are required to be physically capable, and to face severe hangovers. Since the climb constantly challenges the hikers’ limit, hikers are continuously forced to choose to give up or to keep climbing. The exhaustion and pain nature gives pressures the hikers’ value of strong-will as the severe environment provides hikers with the desire to rest and give up. In other words, the high demand of Mt. Everest makes hikers, including Krakauer, …show more content…
Everest. Camps such as Camp One and Two all symbolize small goals of the hikers because climbers set their sights on reaching the next camp rather than to reach the summit. Camps represent small goals of a larger goal. In this scene, Krakauer reaches Camp Two, only achieving one of the first few small goals, yet he already encounters problems as he “came upon a large object wrapped in blue plastic sheeting… that was a human body” (line 11-14) and becomes “too miserable to eat or even read” (line 20-21) due to the altitude’s malicious force. This is just the situation in Camp Two, the early stage of the journey, and the situation is already bad with things going to be worsening in the higher camps. The symbolism of the camps, therefore, help picture how dangerous Mt. Everest is even in the lower level of the summit climb. The danger further exerts pressures on hikers, making them face a conflict of values. As hikers, they have values of being courageous. However, since Mt. Everest is established to be extremely dangerous even at the early stages, they face inner conflict to whether or not to continue believing in their value, or to think about the value of safety and life first. They are forced to doubt in their values since they only achieved a small goal, but are already confronted by the severe reality of
Jon Krakauer was asked by Outside Magazine to write an article about the commercialism on Everest. Of course, Krakauer knew he was going to get a lot of money out of it if he did it, so immediately he knew that he had to climb. While on the expedition, all the clients had a hard time adjusting to the altitude, tiring easily, losing weight, and moving slowly. Some of these individuals were people who had the ability to climb and some who were completely inexperienced. Jon Krakauer had some experience and was ahead of most of his teammates most of the time. He had no idea what lied in store for them, but that was something that he didn’t care
The main character and protagonist, Jon Krakauer, is a United States client and journalist who is on an expedition to climb to the summit of Mt. Everest. He takes the reader through his horrifying experiences on the mountain, including the death of his team, lack of oxygen, and horrible weather. The conflict in this novel is an internal and external conflict. It is an internal conflict of man vs. himself. Jon Krakauer, had to go through mental states of giving up and dying on the mountain
In order to continue climbing Everest, many aspects of climbing need to be improved before more people endanger their lives to try and reach the roof of the world. The guides have some areas that need the most reform. During the ascension of Everest the guides made a plethora mistakes that seemed insignificant but only aided in disaster. The guides first mistake is allowing “any bloody idiot [with enough determination] up” Everest (Krakauer 153). By allowing “any bloody idiot” with no climbing experience to try and climb the most challenging mountain in the world, the guides are almost inviting trouble. Having inexperienced climbers decreases the trust a climbing team has in one another, causing an individual approach to climbing the mountain and more reliance on the guides. While this approach appears fine, this fault is seen in addition to another in Scott Fischer’s expedition Mountain Madness. Due to the carefree manner in which the expedition was run, “clients [moved] up and down the mountain independently during the acclimation period, [Fischer] had to make a number of hurried, unplanned excursions between Base Camp and the upper camps when several clients experienced problems and needed to be escorted down,” (154). Two problems present in the Mountain Madness expedition were seen before the summit push: the allowance of inexperienced climbers and an unplanned climbing regime. A third problem that aided disaster was the difference in opinion in regards to the responsibilities of a guide on Everest. One guide “went down alone many hours ahead of the clients” and went “without supplemental oxygen” (318). These three major issues: allowing anyone up the mountain, not having a plan to climb Everest and differences in opinion. All contributed to the disaster on Everest in
As an experienced mountaineer, Krakauer’s childhood dream had been to climb Mount Everest. This lingering dream was triggered with a full blast when he accepted the offer of being on Rob Hall’s leaded expedition as a reporter for Outside magazine. Krakauer had to change his attitude from a free-willed climber to an obedient client on the team and was concerned about his other fellow clients when they were first acquainted. “ In outlook and experience they were nothing like the hard-core climbers with whom I usually went into the mountains”. (Krakauer 39) In previous years, Krakauer had always climbed alone or with some trusted friends. He came to realize that one must completely rely on the guide instead of other clients on a guided expedition. After meeting the other clients, Krakauer develops a sense of superiority as he is one of the most experienced climbers on the team. It shocked him when the author found out that clients Beck Weathers, Stuart Hutchinson, and Lou Kasischke never tried on their mountaineering boots beforehand and Hutchinson even failed to notice his crampons (steel spikes that are attached to the bottom of boots to help with ice climbing) did not fit his boots. As the expedition drags on, Krakauer became more acquainted with the rest of his team members and has a change in mindset. “I learned that between the demands of their families and their high-powered careers, few of my fellow clients had had the opportunity to go climbing more than once or twice in the previous year…. But maybe I’m just being a snob, I scolded myself.” Krakauer admits through this context that he is deeply concerned about his inexperienced teammates although he realized that it is not up to him to worry about such things. He came to realize that although many other clients were extremely unexperienced, their goal to summit the
Jon Krakauer’s Into Thin Air has shown me different aspects of survival, differentiating from the ones on T.V or fictional books. It has made me realize that not all good guys live, not all bad guys die. It has changed the way I look at things, for better and worse. And now that, having established what Krakauer’s story has meant to me, comes a time post-epilogue to his book to think and reflect on a simple question: What does Into Thin Air mean to
“A trans-like state settles over your efforts, the climb becomes a clear eyed dream.” Stated Krakauer in The Devils Thumb. Mountain climbing has become a popular interest for thrill-seekers in modern times. It is an immensely challenging activity, involving strength, determination, and the proper mindset. There are many accounts of mountain climbers heroically reaching the summit of mountains, but none more striking than that of Everest and The Devils Thumb. These are gut wrenching, first hand accounts of some of the greatest feats performed in mountain climbing history, although they are each different in their own way. Krakauer was climbing to find himself amongst the frozen rocks and chest deep snow, and Weihnmayer climbed to push his limits, and to accomplish what many thought to be the impossible.
In the book “Into thin air” by Jon Krakauer, Krakauer sought to report and write about his climb up mount everest. He knew it wouldn't be easy, but he did not and could not have predicted the barriers and conflicts that were inflicted upon him, by the mountain and it’s atmosphere. Due to these barriers and conflicts, it would be naive to say that the main conflict wasn’t man vs nature. Nevertheless, Krakauer had the worst experience of his life, climbing and fighting against the physical and mental effects of Mount Everest.
In this passage from Jon Krauaker's Into Thin Air, Jon Krauaker does not display the sense of accomplishment that one would expect from achieving such a difficult endeavor. He really displays a sense of grief and dissatisfaction from what he had accomplished. For taking a risk as life threatening as this, in Krauaker's eyes, he couldn't possibly be proud of what he had done when so many men had lost their lives during the same excursion that he journeyed on. Throughout this novel, Jon Krauaker uses immense amounts of rhetorical devices to display his emotion to convey his attitude toward the dangers of climbing Mt. Everest.
As Tom and Brendan talk about plans for their future climb of Mount Everest, Tom reaches the top of the hill with ease, this symbolic moment allows Tom to reflect of his transition personally and how important his relationships with Brendan and Chrissy have been in supporting him. Tom’s thoughts of “shedding with each kilometre, like layers of skin falling onto the track” as he runs with Brendan is a simile which allows the reader to understand how Tom is feeling and the relief of not having the weight on his shoulders anymore. This achievement and realisation symbolises the growth and change in values and perspective of self that have been achieved through the support of new relationships which have allowed Tom to overcome past events.
As much as I thought that the first chapter should have been removed, the book, overall, changed the way I viewed Mount Everest. The novel helps to understand that there is much more than just climbing up and down. For instance, when Krakauer talks about expenses and equipment, he says, “That autumn the ministry raised the permit fee again to fifty thousand dollars plus ten thousand dollars for each additional climber.” This shows that there is an extensive amount of planning and equipment to be covered. Krakauer also tells that a storm on Everest can be much more deadly than a storm at sea level. At the end of chapter twenty, he says, “Brice Herrod is now presumed dead, the twelfth casualty of the season.” Its descriptions like these which make me view Everest as both a great challenge, but also a potential deathtrap.
Despite his impressive record he had never attempted anything close to the scale of Everest, whose summit is at an extremely dangerous altitude. He even admits to his relative inexperience with high altitude saying, “Truth be told, I’d never been higher than 17,200 feet--not even as high as Everest Base Camp”(28). Krakauer also mentions how he has gotten out of shape over the years partially because of the lack of climbing in his life, making him even less prepared for the assent. Krakauer shows a definite fear of such a high mountain, referring to climbers who have perished in the past. He states that, “Many of those who died had been far stronger and possessed vastly more high-altitude experience than I.” (28). Even though Krakauer’s experience may be more relevant to the Everest assent than some of the other tourist climbers, it is nowhere near the level needed to be considered an elite climber.
Krakauer starts the beginning of Into Thin Air by telling the reader about Everest’s first climbers and expeditions. Everest was a mountain that no man could conquer and over time it was the goal of many to become the first person on top of the world. After this occurred the commercialization of Everest sky rocketed, which leads thousands of people climbing Everest every year. In order for clients on expeditions to climb, sherpas fix ropes, carry equipment, and set ladders in place for the trips to run smoothly. Krakauer describes the characters with great descriptions to make the reader attach to them and care when their fate is sealed. Eight climbers were stranded at the top of the world, all at different mental and physical abilities. Saving, abandoning, and dying will occur all at once on the night of May 10th. Death grasps many of climbers and takes them away, but a few manage to escape from death’s
On May 10, 1996 six people died trying to reach the summit of Mt. Everest. These people were parts of two expeditions that were in the Himalayas, preparing to ascend the summit for six weeks. The first group was under the direction of Rob Hall, who had put 39 paying clients on the summit in five years. Hall was considered the leader of the mountain and the man to see no matter what the discrepancy. Group two, headed by Fisher, who like Hall, was trying to start a profitable business in providing the experience of climbing Mt. Everest to all for the price of 60 to 70 thousand dollars. Unfortunatly, neither man would live to tell the tale of this expedition.
Mount Everest is the biggest mountain in the world, and because of that attracts many climbers to try and climb all 29,029 feet of it, but think about all the trash they leave behind while climbing. In 2013 4,000 people have reached Everest’s summit, with many more attempting to. Mount Everest has a natural beauty, one that should be preserved, and people climbing the mountain and leaving their garbage on it is ruining it. Climbers have a negative impact on Mount Everest, and while journeying to the top, they are slowly destroying the mountain.
This novel, Into Thin Air, has impacted me in a multitude of ways. The first being the surprise that I felt throughout the book. All of the deaths and mishaps showed me that climbing Everest is not as easy and as simple as I thought it was. Krakauer also crashed a wave of sorrow on to me, as I felt bad for all of the people who lost family and friends in the disaster, or experienced it. Along with this, I was also impacted because the author was very informative about Everest and its history. He delved deep into the past beliefs about the mountain, the measurements, and different ways people have ascended the mountain. Before reading Into Thin Air I was very much clueless about any history or information surrounding the mountain.