Aluminium Introduction:

The elements were organized by Dimitri Mendeleév. He organized them by properties (columns), groups (horizontal), and atomic number (the number of protons and electrons). This became known as the Periodic Table. And currently there are 118 elements. He also found gaps in which elements that were yet to be discovered were to go, three of these unknown elements were found and identified in Mendeleév's lifetime. The elements today are used in everything and 75% of the 118 elements are metal.

As for metal, it has many uses. In fact, modern civilization has thrived off of things where iron is used like: buildings, car frames, bridges, and much more.

We use about 5.8 billion pounds of copper each year. We use copper for our money here in the United States. The copper is used in our pennies. Just in pennies we make about 13 billion pennies a year. All of that is copper. A penny weighs about 0.088 ounces. Another thing that we use copper for is electricity. Copper is a great conductor of electricity. Copper is able to take heat very well when running electricity because the conduct electrons. Copper is malleable and ductile. Since it is very ductile it allows us make wiring out of it. It is very well good at conducting heat so you will see it a lot in motor vehicle radiators and home heater systems. It is also used in air-conditioning. Copper is not really corrosive so that is why people will see it in pipes, water pipes. The only problem with the pipes made out of copper is that copper will bend and break really easy. Some copper is used in gun designs. They were also used for making swords and shields. Very few were made out of helmets but it was still used for that way back when. Also copper was well known for killing bacteria. So in the past they used it to treat wounds for patients because it could kill the bacteria. It was also used on the sides of ships to protect it from algae and other bacteria that may have harmed the boat. Copper has been used for a long time. It dates back to about ten thousand years

For our science assessment we had the task to research about a metal of our choice. Since I am really into computers, I chose copper. A metal used in all kinds of wires, cpu’s and other stuff without a computer wouldn’t work. This fits really well into what we have to do for the second part, describe how this metal has helped human society.

Like the Reynolds X100, 7005 Aluminum is an aluminum alloy but consisting of Zinc and Magnesium. Due to its cost and inconvenience of heat treating, 7005 aluminum has gained considerable popularity with smaller companies.

Copper is used in various industries including: Building Industry – 47%, Transportation – 10%, Consumer Products – 11%, Electronic Products – 23% and Industrial Machines – 9%. Copper is an extremely good conductor, which is why it is produced and used in forms of copper wire, cabling, generators, motors and various other appliances. Copper’s resistance to corrosion means it can be used in areas containing moisture such as water piping and tanks, plumbing, and also in hot water systems which is effective due to its suitable heat conduction. It is easy to form shapes such as pipes with copper due to its malleability. Copper also has the ability to lose heat very quickly, which makes it an effective element to be used in air conditioning and heat exchangers.

Alcoa created its aluminum using a process called Hall-Herould through electrolysis since aluminum is highly reactive, as I have mentioned before, and for this requires a high amount of energy. A single aluminum plant uses as much electricity as the city of Tacoma. The company is spending millions of dollars researching ways to use less power. It, however, still takes an average of 16,232 kilowatt hours to turn out a ton of aluminum, if we are to compare to another product, for instance steel would only need 77 for a ton. However, there is a reason to why Alcoa Intalco Works stays purely with aluminum as Isaac Bonell, a writer for The Bellingham Business Journal pointed out that “Aluminum is needed to build infrastructure, to manufacture cars and airplanes, to make high-tech medical equipment and to package your favorite chilled beverage. In the smelting industry, there is no shortage of customers.” Last year, on August 2016, the facility celebrated its 50th birthday in operation which was bittersweet because they were discussing shutting down some of their potlines again which mean layoff of over 400 employees as well. Unfortunately, energy crisis was not the only problem here but had to do with the global market prices of aluminum which makes Intalco unprofitable.

You may have first learned about powder coating as a way to finish cars – but in fact, it can be used for many metal objects. Powder Vision in Issaquah, WA can powder coat many types of metal, including stainless steel, aluminum, brass, iron, and just about anything else. You could benefit from powder coating and not even realize it! Read on to learn about the types of objects this versatile metal coating can protect:

Lithium is the third element in the periodic table, with 3 protons and the element symbol Li. Lithium is an alkali metal. . The name for lithium comes from Greek lithos which means stone. Lithium does not occur free in nature but it is found in nearly all igneous rocks and in mineral springs. Pure lithium metal is corrosive. If lithium did not react with water, which it does, it would float. Lithium is used in medicine, as a heat transfer agent. Lithium is used to transfer heat from one object to the next. Some things lithium is used in are glasses, organic compounds, and ceramics. Because it is such a good conductor of electricity, it is used in batteries as well. It’s also used for making alloys; examples of alloys are brass, bronze, 14k gold, and sterling silver. Lithium is a metal that is used to impart a red color to fireworks.

Arsenic has an atomic number of 33 and a relative atomic mass of 74.922amu. Arsenic is an odd element, as it acts like metal even though it is a natural element. Arsenic is found in natural environments, and in limited quantities found in rocks, soil, water and more. Arsenic was very known to the ancient Egyptians and the Chinese, they used Arsenic as a way of gilding metals. The orpiment(As2S3) and the realgar (As4S4) : are the two Arsenic sulphide minerals that Greek Philosopher, Theophrastus. As2O3 is the trioxide, is one of the end products of copper refining. This is a form of arsenic that has also been known for awhile now, and it is called white arsenic. The official discovery of arsenic is to Alberts Magnus in around the 1200s. As to the physical property, it is radiant, has a silver colour and fragile, as it is a semi-metal. When in exposed to air, it is rapidly damaged, because of the usual elements in air, such as nitrogen and more. Arsenic is not particularly used in any technology, but recently we use Arsenic in semiconductor gallium arsenide, it can convert electric currents to laser lights. Usually it is not used

Project A: The elemental exploration of the behavior of iron in physiological conditions, the acquisition of solid copper from a salt and salt solution, and the synthesis and crystallization of aluminum.

Over 2/3 of all aluminum ever created is still in use. Most of the 1/3 not still in use is aluminum cans in landfills.

Iron can be used for a wide range of resources in the contemporary world. It is the most abundant, least expensive, and most used of all metals. It is vital to human and animal life, and humans use it in a variety of devices to make life convenient. It is combined with other elements to make steel or other compounds for many commercial uses, the most common of which include making fuels, lubricants, automobiles, machine tools, hulls of large ships, building parts, machine parts, cooking pots and pans, cutlery, surgical equipment, and aircraft. Iron (III) “is used in the treatment of sewage, as a dye for cloth, as a coloring agent for paint, an additive in animal feed, and in the manufacture of printed

Early uses of the element include jewelry, weapons, and tools. The element was first used around 9000 b.c.e. and was found in northern Iraq. Copper was first used by Native Americans around 2500 b.c.e. One of the first skills that the ancient coppersmith must have learned how to do was shape the metal, possibly by heating. This element was first used to its full potential when Coppersmiths began to use tin with copper to make an alloy called bronze. An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals with properties differs from those of the individual metal. The alloy was first discovered as early as 4000 b.c.e. Bronze was used similar to copper due to the many variety of tools, weapons, and jewelry that are created from the alloy. It differs from copper in the way that with tin added, the alloy is a better conductor and easier to shape than the metal alone. Copper was used as the primary metal of the world to around 3000 b.c.e when society discovered iron. Many copper compounds are used in today’s agricultural, medical, and pest-control jobs. Copper Acetate (Cu20 (C2H3O2) 2) is a

Abstract “Age or Precipitation Hardening” effects on the 2024 Aluminum sample (Al-4%Cu) was investigated by conducting two sets of experiments on 5 samples. In the first experiment, 4 of the samples were artificially aged, and in the second experiment, only one of the 5 samples were naturally aged. In conclusion, it is concluded that the hardness of the samples is directly affected by the time and the temperature of the age hardening, so as the samples are age hardened longer and in a higher temperature, the hardness of them increases accordingly. Description of theory Age or Precipitation hardening is a widely used heat treatment method that is done to raise the strength (including