The purpose of this assignment is to explore the psychological and sociological factors that influence health choices. As a Trainee Assistant Practitioner (TAP) on surgical ward, clinical experiences will be used in addition to academic resources in order to explore the major psychological, sociological and social-economical influences on health and well being on a patient with Alzheimer’s. An explanation of communication and barriers to communication will be given and how it can affect the therapeutic relationship between the TAP and the patient. Confidentiality and anonymity will be maintained throughout the essay by following the Skills for Health and Skills for Care (2013) Code of Conduct for Health Care Support Workers. Frank was admitted …show more content…
There are three stages to the Alzheimer’s diseases model, stage 1 is mild to early onset and lasts two to four years; this includes frequent memory loss, particularly of recent conversations and events. There are some problems expressing and understanding language. Depression and apathy can occur and reminders are needed for daily activities. Stage two is moderate to mild onset and lasts two to ten years; a person will no longer be able to cover up problems. More likely to become lost in familiar surroundings, changes in mood and behaviour, needs structure, reminders and assistance with daily activities. The final stage, stage three is severe to late onset and lasts one to three years, a person will be confused about past and present, loss of ability to communicate or process information, unable to care for self. There are problems with loss of verbal skills and incontinence and illness. Extreme problems with mood, behaviour and hallucinations and at this stage a person will need twenty four hour care and support. Frank would be said to be entering into moderate to middle stages of Alzheimer’s. Skinner (1938) coined the term operant conditioning; it means changing of behaviour by the use of reinforcement which is given after the desired response. Skinner identified three types of responses or operant …show more content…
Similarly Rose (2003) argues that memory defines who we are and shapes the way we act more closely than any other single aspect of our person hood. Rose (2003) goes on further to suggest that lose your memory and you, as you cease to exit. A cognitive approach in other words, psychologists from this approach study cognition which is the ‘mental act of process by which knowledge is acquired.(McLeod,2007). When Frank was in hospital his cognition was tested by performing the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), is the most commonly used test for complaints of memory problems. It can be used by clinicians to help diagnose dementia and to help assess its progression and severity. The MMSE can also be used to assess changes in a person who has already been diagnosed with dementia. It can help to give an indication of how severe a person’s symptoms are and how quickly their dementia is progressing. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment was developed as a quick screening tool for detecting Alzheimer’s. The total possible score is thirty and the score range for mild cognitive impairment is 19-25.2 and for Alzheimer’s dementia 11.4-21, while the score ranges overlap, differentiation between the conditions is dependent upon associated functional impairment. Frank
Alzheimer’s disease is a form of dementia, “a brain disorder that seriously affects a person’s ability to carry out daily activities (Shenk 14)”. Alzheimer’s is a progressive and irreversible brain disorder that slowly destroys a person’s memory and ability to learn, make judgments, communicate, and accomplish daily activities. As Alzheimer’s progresses, individuals may also experience changes in personality and behavior, such as anxiety, suspiciousness or aggravation, as well as illusions or hallucinations.
People with dementia gradually lose their previous skills, as well as other executive mental functioning like planning, judgment, abstract thinking and psychiatric disorders such as agitation, delusions and depression are very common in patients with dementia (Hendrie, 1997). Dementia is a pathological process in the brain that reduces the quality of life and it caused by a number of different illnesses. As part of the normal aging process people may become more forgetful but it does not affect their daily living activities like dementia does. Dementia is therefore quite separate from the symptoms of normal aging. However, it can affect people at any age oh life (Alzheimer's Association,
This paper reviews the use of cognitive rehabilitation treatment of early stage of dementia Alzheimer’s type. The case study examines a 72 year old male patient diagnosed with early stage dementia of Alzheimer’s Type. This study used visual imagery, as well as cues and expanding rehearsal during the cognitive rehabilitation. The evaluation of cognitive rehabilitation treatment included the psychological, physiological, neurological assessments and self-reports. Results
CHICAGO, Ill.—The Alzheimer’s Association® Greater Illinois Chapter is currently seeking volunteers to participate in the 12th annual Bankers Life and Casualty Company’s Forget Me Not Days May 16th and 17th.
Alzheimer 's disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative disease of the brain from which there is no recovery. There are three brain abnormalities that are the hallmarks of the Alzheimer’s disease is initially caused by plaques buildup in the brain’s neurons as illustrated in figure 1. The support structure that allows the flow of the nutrients through the neurons gets damaged and ultimately there is loss of connection among the neurons and they die off (National Institute of Health, 2015). This causes the brain tissue to shrinks, which is called atrophies. All this ultimately lead the victim of this disease to face difficulties in governing emotions, recognize errors and patterns, coordinate movement, and remember. Ultimately, a person with AD loses all memory and mental functioning.
Alzheimer’s is a disease in the brain that affects a person’s memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common form of dementia and is common in adults older than 65. More than five million Americans are being affected by Alzheimer’s at this moment. Alzheimer’s comes in three stages; early, middle, and advanced. The disease is caused by the shrinking of the brain due to many risk factors and genetics.
Due to the USPS officials returning 2117 Atkins drive Huntsville, Alabama 35810’s mail to senders, Property Owner Timberlake, files this mail fraud complaint against the USPS and its officials.
Throughout history there have been reports of decreased memory and mental deterioration that accompanied old age. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer who described the symptoms in a woman in Germany in the 1907 but it was not until the 1970’s that AD was considered to be a major disorder and AD continues to be a major health concern worldwide (Reger, 2002).
Certain qualities are consistently observed in the Alzheimer’s victim. These dysfunction’s, though, are not exclusive to Alzheimer’s disease. Consequently, declaring Alzheimer’s by these parameters is a matter of degree rather than an absolute. Characteristic dysfunction’s have been noted in Alzheimer’s victims, but the degree and severity of these varies from patient to patient. Thus, evaluation of the patient’s mental status must be made based on the sum, rather than a single characteristic. Memory is one of the first noticed deficiencies, beginning typically with the recent and short term memory, and progressing from there as the disease grows more severe. In addition, deterioration in language skills, attention span, praxis (performance of an action), and visuospatial skills are commonly seen. Also observed are changes in the actions and personality of the Alzheimer’s victim. These include changes in mood, motor activities, activities of daily living, socialization skills, psychotic disturbances, vegetative symptomology, and rise in anxiety levels. Again, the
Alzheimer’s is an irreversible, progressive disease of the brain that gradually destroys memory as well as thinking skills. It eventually destroys the ability to perform the simplest chores. In many individuals with Alzheimer’s, the symptoms manifest after 65 years of age. Among the elderly people, Alzheimer’s illness is the leading cause of dementia (Stern, 2006). Dementia includes a loss of behavioral abilities and cognitive function including thinking, reasoning, and remembering. The loss of behavioral abilities and cognitive function may interfere with an individual’s daily activities of living. Dementia varies in severity from the mildest phase, at onset, affecting an individual’s functioning to the most serious phase when the individual must depend entirely on other people for basic daily living activities. (Pasquier, 1999). This paper will explain the difference between Alzheimer’s disease and dementia since the two are greatly confused.
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of neurocognitive disorder/dementia (p. 558, 2012), attacking the cerebral cortex. In the case of Tom, for him his brain deterioration was more of a biological process than anything or to be more specific he had Alzheimer's disease atrophy, this is where the brain start's to shrink, but this part of the normal aging process. From watching all three videos, it was obviously clear that Tom had trouble recalling certain events in his life, however he was able to remember to an extent. At one point in the video's, Tom started to forget to put his shirt one and sometimes he would forget to put his shoes on. Once the Alzheimer disease reaches this point, then it is only a matter of time before everything
This appalling infection brings up an exceptionally basic philosophical inquiry: Does the loss of memory mean the loss of individual personality? Albeit most people who have considered this situation hold that relinquishment of memory equivalents a change or even loss of individual character, this paper will demonstrate this is not as a matter of course genuine. Keeping in mind the end goal to completely see how this lesser held perspective is, truth be told, genuine one should first fathom both the organic and mental impacts of Alzheimer 's. Along these lines, this paper will be isolated into two sections. The primary part will show the causes, results, and medicines for Alzheimer 's. In the second area, supporting proof will be advanced keeping in mind the end goal to demonstrate that a halfway or even finish loss of self-portraying memory does not constitute a change in or the obliteration of individual character.
Dementia is an umbrella term used to describe a group of diseases that may cause the brain to fail. The most common one is Alzheimer’s followed closely behind by Parkinson’s. Alzheimer’s was discovered in 1906 by Dr. Alois Alzheimer, who discovered changes in the brain of a woman who died of an unusual mental. Her symptoms included memory loss, language problems, and unpredictable behavior. Doctor’s now look at brain scans to see abnormal changes in the brain. Doctors may ask questions both to the patient and a family member of the patient, such as, over-all health, past medical problems, ability to carry out daily activities, and changes in behavior and personality. They also might conduct tests of memory, problem solving, attention, counting, and language
In the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease forgetfulness and subtle memory loss are exhibited. According to Hinkle & Cheever (2014), “Patients may experience small difficulties in work or social activities but have adequate cognitive function to compensate for the loss and continue to function independently” (p.199). Forgetfulness is manifested in many daily actions; clients may lose their ability to recognize familiar faces, places, and objects, and they may become lost in a familiar environment. In the mild to moderate stage they may repeat the same stories because they have forgotten that they have already told them. Personality changes are also evident, along with behavioral changes such as depression, paranoia, hostility, and combative behaviors (Alzheimer’s Foundation of America, 2016). When trying to reason with Alzheimer’s clients using reality orientation only increase their anxiety and does not increasing functioning. In the late to severe stage, conversation becomes a hard for the patient due to word-finding difficulties and they may become immobile and require total care. The ability to formulate concepts and think abstractly disappears. Clients are often unable to recognize the consequences of their actions and therefore exhibit impulsive behavior (Alzheimer’s Foundation of America, 2016). Eventually, assistance is needed for almost all
The aim of this study is to bring awareness to Alzheimer’s Disease. It is important noting that Alzheimer’s disease does not only affect the patient but also their family and caregiver. This research was conducted at St. Josephs Hospital Medical Nursing Home. We selected 10 medically diagnosed Alzheimer’s patients. We divided the patients into 2 groups. The first group consisted of patients that had a lot of moral support and affection from their families. In this group was also the grandmother of one of the contributors to this paper. The second group consisted of patients that do not receive moral support or have not seen their family for a long time.