American Colonies : The Settling Of North America By Alan Taylor

Between 1492-1776, although many people moved to the “New World”, North America lost population due to the amount of Indians dying from war and diseases and the inability of colonists to replace them. John Murrin states, “losers far outnumbered winners” in “ a tragedy of such huge proportions that no one’s imagination can easily encompass it all.” This thought of a decreasing population broadens one’s perspective of history from that of an excluded American tale full of positivity to that of a more unbiased, all-encompassing analysis. The Indians and slaves have recently been noted as a more crucial part of history than previously accredited with.

In his second proposition, Bailyn evaluates the settlement patterns in the colonies of the early America. He suggests that development patterns for British North America are rather

The Columbian Exchange was a region of trade that occurred during period of biological and cultural exchanges of the Atlantic states. Exchanges of culture, ideas, diseases, slaves and technology transformed European and Native American societies. beginning in 1492 the exchange lasted throughout the years of European expansion and exploration. The Columbian Exchange affected the social and cultural aspects of the old and new world. Advancements in agricultural production, development of warfare, increased mortality rates and education are a few examples of the effect of the Columbian Exchange on both Europeans and Native Americans

"The Colonization of North America." In Modern History Sourcebook. April 1999- [cited 17 September 2002] Available from http://www.fordham.edu/halsall.mod/modsbook.html., http://curry.eduschool.virginia.edu.

Of both the reading assignments over the summer I enjoyed Colonial America by Alan Taylor, because of the writing structure, the footnotes/sources and the visual aids. This text is no more than what it is named for, the colonization of America. The book is a view of the events that led to colonization, and the effects said colonization had on the, now american, landscape. It is a clean a simple overview of the causes and effects of the colonization of America.

In 1492 the explorer Columbus set out on his first voyage for Spain in search of a direct water route across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe to Asia. Instead though, he found the Americas. Once in the New World Columbus ran into a native people and decided to name them Indians. This accidental finding of the Americas ignited the first contact ever between the Western and Eastern hemisphere. The result of this was The Columbian Exchange in which there was a large trade of animals, plants, technology, culture, slaves, diseases, and even new religions. This exchange effected the way Europeans, Americans, Asians, and Africans lived their daily lives. The Columbian exchange was by far one of the most paramount events in the history of world technology, agriculture, culture, and ecology. In this research paper the following will be answered:

Contact with the Native American population changed those Europeans who settled in the Americas. Europeans who came used the numerous natives as labor workers to build their powerful empires like the Spaniards. They also used the populations to provide food and shelter, and even

In 1492, when the first of many Europeans arrived to the Americas, a new era had begun. The great leaders and trades between the old and new worlds have changed humanity for the better and worse. To understand how we should view the Columbian Exchange, it must be understood by its impact on the history of trade, change in civilization, and diseases.

1. Plymouth, MA was founded with the initial goal of allowing Pilgrims, and later Puritans, to worship independent of the Church of England. Their society, ironically, was very intolerant itself and any dissenters were pushed out of the colony.

The lives of Native Americans changed as a result of European colonization of the New World. Native Americans saw new items for the first time in their lives because of the Europeans. Native Americans saw different animals for the first time too. In document 8, the chart lists, cattle, chickens, goats, horses, pigs and sheep were brought over by the Europeans. Different plants were introduced to the natives from the Europeans.

(1) History. The student understands the causes and effects of European colonization in the United States. The student is expected to:

The contraception of the term ‘American exceptionalism’ is widely disputed, but the one thing that remains constant is the aura of innate superiority that has been attached to it. In understanding the significance of this term, it is necessary to delve even further into the past than the time of its first use – to the initial settlement of the eastern seaboard of America. Sporadic waves of settlers arrived in America in the early 17th century (mostly from Britain) through to the 1770’s, by which time Britain had thirteen individual colonies consisting of approximately two and a half million settlers along the Atlantic coastline. During this time, Spanish settlers had also occupied Florida and the Southwest. It was this period of

Thereby this project follows the idea put forward in Afred W. McCoys and Francisco A. Scaranos collection of essays Colonial Crucible: Empire in the Making if the Modern American State. While dealing with as diverse topics as environment, economy, public health, military and race, the book tries to explores in “what ways, if any, the U.S [...] was formed or even transformed from [the] experiences gained at its colonial periphery”1. In their article On the Tropic of Cancer: Transitions and Transformations in the U.S. Imperial State McCoy and Scaranos argue that influence does not only flow from the center towards the periphery but that instead the imperial periphery was important for changes occurring in the center. Pointing out that while the new colonial territories provide a testing field for new approaches, the gained experiences also “profoundly influenced American cultures and society between 1840 and 1930”2. Thereby triggering a debate about the different aspects of this influence and how they create and recreate

The European conquest for establishing North American colonies began with various motivations, each dependent on different, and/or merging necessities: economics, the desire to flee negative societal aspects, and the search for religious freedoms. Originally discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492 in search for a trade route to Cathay (China), North America remained uninhabited, excluding the Native American establishments. Following this discovery, Spain –along with other European nations such as France, England, Sweden and the Netherlands– soon began the expedition to the new land with vast expectations. Driven by economic, societal, and religious purposes, the New World developed into a diversely structured colonial establishment

“Everywhere they found in the woods teeming with deer, rabbits, and wild fowl, the latter in such numbers along the waterside that when they discharged their muskets, huge flocks of herons rose into the sky…” (43).c. Simon Fernando: Fernando has contributed in history because he sailed the perfect way to go to the Americas. “They [Barlowe, Fernando, and Amadas] had successfully navigated a route to America and discovered a bountiful land, larger than England, bordered by a mighty sea (the sounds) that enclosed scores of islands of different sizes” (55).3. What particulars in this reading seem especially significant, noteworthy or add significantly to the historiography of this period? Items may be anything – a process, a person, an idea presented by the textbook editors, the authors of the articles, historical figures or events discussed in the documents, or something you have thought about or questioned during your reading. Note the item, brief description, and page number where discussed.The particular thing I see significant that adds to the historiography in this time period is when the Queen Elizabeth demanded an English settlement in the Americas in 1585. The author says that Queen Elizabeth will be “…dispatching a large fleet to the West Indies, and establishment ofa colony on the North American mainland” (59). 4. Develop a question to ask the rest of the class about the chapter. “How” and “Why” questions are especially good. Why would Queen Elizabeth demand for an English settlement in the Americas if Spain wants her overthrown by Marquis of Santa Cruz? 5. What item (or items) did you find confusing, puzzling or perplexing in this chapter? Note the page number for the item and be sure to ask for a clarification. (You MUST answer.)The item that I found puzzling is the use of the skins to provide trade for the Indians and English.In Page 52 the skins are used as trade, “…Barlowe mentioned that they received twenty skins worth £5 for the tin