Amy Jacques Garvey Research Paper

Soon after World War I, Garvey concluded that the anger that engulfed many Black communities after the war could be used as a catalyst to end both imperialism in Africa and discrimination in the United States. He combined the economic nationalist ideas of Booker T. Washington with various Pan-Africanist idealists of the time. Garvey’s goals were modern and urban. He wanted to end imperialist rule and create modern societies in Africa. He formed black communities on three continents with his newspaper the “Negro World ,” and in 1919 he established the Black Star Line, an international shipping company to provided transportation and encourage trade among the Blacks in Africa and Blacks in the United States. In the same year he founded the Negro Factories Corporation to establish such

After the end of slavery, blacks were free and had the right to vote, but they were oppressed by white supremacist and state laws that restricted their voting rights. Many great minds rose from the shadows and spoke against these injustice, but the one that stands out the most is Marcus Garvey. Garvey created a huge impact in the African-American history, but his stubbornness and ignorance lead to his self-destruction. As a young boy, in Jamaica, Garvey was inspired by the works of Booker T Washington especially by the book “Up from Slavery”. From a young age, Garvey believed that is was his destiny to speak in front of millions this was one of the many reasons why he became an activist. Throughout his lifetime he made enemies with other African- American activist, like W. E. B Du Bois, who criticized Garvey and his ideology. The first American branch of the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) was established by Garvey in September 1917; the main causes of this association was to improve the lives of African Americans around the world and to take back Africa from the grasps of the white men and claim it for the Africans that were scattered around the world. Marcus was put on trial on May 18 1923 this marked the beginning of the downfall of Garvey’s empire. In general, Marcus Garvey was an activist who wanted the best for his people but his downfall was cause by his own stubbornness and because he surrounded himself by incompetent people and his enemies.

On January 29, 2001 at around four o’clock in the afternoon, a beautiful little girl named Leslie Arreaga was born. It was the first time I was able to hold and see a baby so up close. When I saw her for the first time I didn’t know what to say. All I told my parents was “ I love her and she is perfect.” My parents laugh at me because I was only four years old when she was born. I just couldn’t believe that I was finally an older sister. I remember that every time a person would come in and try to hold her I would give them a look saying “ If you hurt her, I will hurt you.” Leslie was the most precious little baby I had ever seen in my little four year life. She was so chubby, with big brown eyes and a little heart shaped mouth. The day my

Garvey believed people of African descent could establish a great independent nation in their ancient homeland of Africa, thus supporting the “Back to Africa” movement. Parades would often also be held as they strolled down the streets of Harlem, wearing military outfits and chanting the motto, “Black is beautiful”. But, unfortunately, UNIA weakened after federal courts condemned Garvey of fraud and ruled to imprisonment for two years. Many also attacked the organization as well as Garvey applauded whites who promoted the idea of sending African Americans back to Africa and conspired with Ku Klux Klan. W.E.B DuBois was “one of his biggest critics” as he declared Garvey as one of the most dangerous enemies of black (Boyer 736). Figures such as Owens and Phillip Randolph, additionally, criticized that he “saw the race issue as one of class more than skin color”

After reviewing the materials provide on Marcus Garvey, I have concluded that Marcus Garvey had an huge impact on the African American community. After viewing the video, I was able to form a visual picture of how Garvey form into a charismatic leader that we learn about in history. During childhood, Garvey was taught that he was very special from his mother and that you are on his own in the world by his father. As a teenager, Garvey inspired racial inequality when the father of his white friend refused to let them see each other again.

Martha Goldman Sigall was born on April 17, 1917 in New York. She spent much of her life in the animation business mainly working in the ink and paint department and other associated activities at various studios, eventually compiling over fifty years in the Hollywood industry.

In many ways it could be argued that Marcus Garvey was the most significant African American civil rights leader of this time because of his role in tackling the social issues African American’s faced. He aimed to improve the lives of African Americans by encouraging them to take control of their own affairs and education. His role surrounding this issue is illustrated by his founding of the UNIA. This Universal Negro Improvement Association was an organisation dedicated to racial pride, economic self sufficiency and the formation of an independent black nation in Africa. Through this and the magazine the ‘Negro World’ he urged African Americans to be proud of their race, and argued “a people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots”. It has been said that through Garvey’s dedication to social improvement for his race he managed to capture the imagination of many blacks for whom the American Dream was a dirty joke.

His mother stayed at home with Malcolm and his 7 siblings while his father stayed busy as a Baptist minister and supporter of the Black Nationalist leader Marcus Garvey. Garvey was the voice of the Black Nationalism and Pan-Africanism movements. When the popularity of those began to decrease, he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League. This started a global mass movement called Garveyism. Garveyism soon inspired many others particularly from the Nation of Islam to the Rastafari movement. Some may say that Malcolm took inspiration from his father and that is why he grew interest in Islam and without his father in the position he was in, might not have ever influenced Malcolm to accomplish the great things he

Susan Maushart experienced something every parent dreams about, which was taking away their children’s modern conveniences. A temporary movement that Maushart did was take away each of her kids’ ipods, internet access, phones, and television. When this new trend started, a noticeable change occurred within the corridors of Maushart’s home, a peaceful darkness that became the motivation of the family’s new lives. Susan Maushart has 3 teenage kids, and each found a new hobby fairly quickly; such as her son Bill, who went from couch potato to up and coming musician. Maushart’s oldest child, Anni, had the easiest transition of “the experience”, she was less occupied with technology was known as a book worm; however, the youngest, Sussy, had difficulty

In 1981 an epidemic occurred that affected mostly homosexual men. The first few cases came in with a rare type of pneumonia. The virus would be known as HIV and the disease would be later called AIDS. In the same year Elizabeth Glaser contracted the virus through a blood transfusion. She took a stand for the people who lived with AIDS by creating a research foundation, speaking out in interviews and wanting everyone to have health care she was not only able to bring awareness to the disease her foundation has helped millions of mothers and children receive treatment for HIV and AIDS.

Born in St. Ann’s Bay, Jamaica, Marcus Garvey grew up to be a printer in Kingston, Jamaica and later in life was a leading intellectual during the Harlem Renaissance era. Garvey was greatly influenced by Booker T. Washington, a significant leader to black people all over, who was a big effect on Garvey’s movements during this period in time. Garvey founded the United Negro Improvement Association in the year 1914 in his homeland of Jamaica. The UNIA is an association that focused on creating stronger connections between black people in the African American community. In doing so, Garvey became a famous advocate and leader for roughly two million African Americans. Garvey went on to create a newspaper called “Negro World” to talk about the culture, heroes of the black race and the idea that blacks will be respected, only then, when they are on top and dominant in the world economically and as a whole. However, Garvey hit a rough patch with African American leaders when he decided it’d be a good idea to meet with the Ku Klux Klan leader, Edward Young Clark, in an attempt to bring organizations together. Garvey was disliked by many after word had gotten out about this meeting and he was ultimately blackballed by the black

Here was a man who was happy to be black: not only happy but also proud. Garvey’s racial pride movement helped the Harlem Renaissance. Blacks started to express their feelings and thoughts through art and music. This was a time when whites really took a look at black art and culture. Garvey’s most extreme movement was the "Back to Africa" movement. He called all blacks to return to their true homeland, Africa. To help make this possible Garvey created the Black Star Line in 1919 to provide transportation. He also started the Negro Factories Corporation to encourage black economic independence. Garvey attracted thousands of supporters and had two million members for the UNIA. Garvey’s rise to fame was amazing; speaking to an audience in Colon, Panama in 1921 Garvey said "two years ago in New York nobody paid any attention to us. When I use to speak, even the policeman on the beat never noticed me." Depending on whom you talked to Garvey was the new Moses of blacks or a complete madman. In "After Marcus Garvey---What?" an article in Contemporary Review, Kelly Miller writes that:

Another monumental activist from African American history I was introduced to was Marcus Garvey. Throughout school, Martin Luther King was always stressed at the most prominent civil right activist in America. After learning about the impact and movement that Garvey had in America, I was shocked at the fact that I had never heard about him in a history course before. Marcus Garvey’s ultimate goal was to form a united black nation which would unify blacks across the globe. Garvey’s movement symbolized the turning of the perception of black people, not only by blacks but other races as well.

Hailed as “easily the most controversial figure associated with Harlem in the 1920s”, it is undeniable that Marcus Garvey’s idiosyncratic nature earned him some attention. However, this recognition was terminable. Although Garvey was once labeled a “hero to millions of blacks”, the title was fleeting. Garvey’s initial veneration, is largely due to his political philosophy, which contributed greatly to his popularity (Gates and Smith 984). Furthermore, the original degree of his adoration, made his decline dramatic.

Marcus Garvey was the founder of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). This association offered principles and a viewpoint for Negro self-reliance and African reclamation in the 1914’s. Garvey and a few of his followers organized events in New York City, the Harlem chapter of the UNIA. During one of his speeches, in August of 1921, also known as The Handwriting Is on the Wall, Garvey emphasized the need of the emancipation of the Negro race (p.31, pp. 2) when he said, “We have come to the conclusion that speedily there must be an emancipated Negro race everywhere…” He showed strength by telling his audience that he recognized how many before him fought to be accepted and not to be second citizens. He was fighting for the emancipation of all Negros from the thoughts and actions of others, which were influencing the actions of his “brothers”. He compared it to the Irish when he stated, “…the Irish are determined to have liberty and nothing less than liberty.” Garvey wanted the same for the African people, he would warn his followers during his speeches that “The handwriting is on the wall…,” meaning the Negro community needed to pay attention to what was going around them, and to know when to act and react. He further discusses his vision of the need of a united African community, so “…Africa could be free from coast to coast” (p/31, pp. 4). He pleaded for his followers, his “brothers”, his Negro community not to give up. His strength of showing them that he too