Amyl Nitrates Research Paper

Ever wonder about the chemical makeup of tablets that people take for pain relief? Before a tablet can be successfully made, the limiting and excess reactants must be considered. The limiting reactant will affect the amount of the product that can be made. Another reason why the starting reactants must be determined carefully is to make reduce the amount of the reactant in excess so that reactants are not wasted. This experiment uses an Alka-Seltzer tablet. Alka-Seltzer dissolves in water and is an antacid and a pain reliever1. The Alka-Seltzer tablet has many uses such as relief of headaches, ingestion, heart burns, or even upset stomachs2. The active ingredients in an Alka-Seltzer tablet is aspirin, also known as acetyl-salicylic acid (C8H12O4), citric acid (C6H8O7), and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)2. The aspirin in the Alka-Seltzer tablet helps with pain relief. Because of the acid-base chemistry (Brønsted-Lowry), citric acid and sodium bicarbonate produce O2, which makes the tablet fizz when it is dropped in liquid. The Brønsted-Lowry theory shows how the Brønsted-Lowry acid donates a hydrogen ion while the Brønsted-Lowry base accepts the hydrogen ions3. The remaining NaHCO3 that is in excess post reaction with the citric acid is what is used to neutralize stomach acid which helps relief heart burn2. The problem in

Saline, Michigan is home to a wonderful little fish stick named Maddie Shaw. She was born in a hospital on July 14, 2005. She had three sisters, Anna, Mackenzie, and Hayleigh. She lives with her Mom and Dad. She lived in Canton when she was seven before moving to Saline. She saw a man get tasered by the police in front of her old house. She’s on the Girl´s Lacrosse team. She says that she is a lot alike her lazy cat. Maddie also has a diverse variety of pets, including dogs, cats, rats, a tortoise, a hedgehog, a bunny, and a hamster. Loki, Maddie’s cat is black and fluffy, Twixie, Maddie’s other cat, is mean to everyone except Maddie. Pip, the dog, is fat and loud. Charlie, Maddie’s dog is loud and fluffy. Mags, is sick and sheds a lot. Baxter

Since NIMH is a research bases institute. It has many research area and it conducts many inventive research experiment on mental health. Because NIMH has involved with so many area, it is impossible for me to discuss all of them. I am going select two research areas and analysis the impacts on the people in the United State. The first area I choose is schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a personality disorder. The lifetime prevalence in the United State is about 1 percentage. The patients may experience delusion and hallucination. This disorder is uncommon too be cured. The treatment can only mostly alleviate the symptoms. There are approximately 250,000 homeless individuals with schizophrenia in the United State. John Nash was a famous mathematician

Chest pain can be caused by many different factors. Along with other crucial symptoms, it can be worrisome for some type of acute coronary syndrome. The use of nitroglycerin for chest pain is common practice. Nitroglycerin dilates the blood vessels and relaxes smooth muscle of vessels thereby relieving many common symptoms of chest pain. A study on the use of nitroglycerin reveals that while it relieves chest pain for many patients, it is a poor diagnostic tool in relating chest pain to acute coronary syndrome (Grailey & Glasziou, 2012). While many patients receive relief of chest pain symptoms from nitroglycerin, this does not prove a diagnosis of MI or other relatable heart diseases (Henrikson, Howell, Bush, Miles, Meininger, Friedlander, Bushnell & Chandra-Strobos, 2003).

The nitroglycerin is administered to open the coronary arteries, and the antacids are to reduce gastric acids. The ineffectiveness of the drugs indicates that Cleveland is not experiencing a heart

Have you ever wondered what police investigators spray on the crime scene to see if there is any blood present? This paper is going to discuss how temperature affects the chemical luminol. The following terms will be explained; Luminol, chemiluminescence, photon, and catalysts.

After diazomethane production, economical separation, purification, transportation, and decomposition process is beginning. Separation processes, include distillation and injection of inert gas (such as N2) can be terribly risky for this gas. Formerly, photochemical reaction and thermal decomposition of diazomethane have been reported [7-9]. The temperature range from 140° to 200° C used for the thermal decomposition of diazomethane. Also, in several theoretical studies have been investigated the adsorption and decomposition diazomethane [10-13]. All the results show that methylene and nitrogen had been created throughout the decomposition of diazomethane. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for finding a promising candidate for decomposition

Amantadine was originally developed in the 1960’s for prophylaxis against Asian influenza and influenza type-A respiratory infections. While it is no longer recommended for this purpose, it is currently FDA-approved as an anti-parkinsonian drug. It is particularly effective in reducing drug-induced dyskinesias in patients with Parkinson’s disease. It also has several off-label uses, including: treatment of cocaine withdrawal symptoms, treatment of several psychiatric disorders in children and adults, assisting in functional recovery of TBI patients, and treatment of multiple sclerosis associated fatigue. There are several cases in the literature which describe reversible corneal edema caused by amantadine. Discontinuation of amantadine

What’s better for a car’s tire, air or nitrogen? As a licensed driver, I’ve always wondered what the difference between air and nitrogen in car’s tires was. I never knew the different aspects of which of the two were the best for cars.

Cyanide is a chemical compound in the form of salt or ester; made up of nitrogen and carbon molecules. Cyanide is commonly known to be a toxic and hazardous substance and if ingested in low concentrations, it can be lethal to people, wildlife, and organisms. After being exposed, cyanide can cause unconsciousness in humans and often death. However, not all cyanide substances are poisonous, it has been used in everyday products for example, a stabilizer in table salt, coffee, cigarette smoke, almonds and road salt.

There is some variation as to the levels of concentration in urine in regard to age and health status of individuals. Certain disease processes and age, factor into the excretion of nitrates and nitrites via the urinary tract. For instance, infants pose a greater susceptibility for toxicity. The presence of bacteria in their gastrointestinal tract elicit a greater conversion percentage of nitrates to nitrites. This conversion creates more nitric oxide metabolites which can cause a reduction in available oxygen in the blood. The elimination of nitrates and nitrites concentrated in urine may give an indication of the synthases taking place in the body. Concentration levels may be an indicator for disease processes and may be tested for

Nitrous Oxide: otherwise known as laughing gas, is used as a type of anesthesia for medical procedures. Discovered in 1772 by Joseph Priestley, Nitrous Oxide was just one of the gases he isolated, the others being oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and sulfur dioxide. Priestley at first thought that the gas could be used as a preserving agent. Priestly later found that this was not what it was for, instead finding its use in anaesthetic. Humphry Davy, from the Pneumatic Institute in Bristol,England found its anaesthetic uses. Davy would even give Nitrous Oxide to guests at the institute. Even though this observation was groundbreaking, for approximately the next forty years, Nitrous Oxide or laughing gas, as it was now called,

Methaemoglobin is a stable oxidised form of haemoglobin which is unable to release oxygen to the tissues, produced in some inherited abnormalities and by oxidising drugs. Normally one or two percent of a persons haemoglobin is methaemoglobin, a higher percentage than this can be genetic or caused by exposure to various chemicals. Amyl nitrite is administered to treat cyanide poisoning. It works by converting haemoglobin to methaemoglobin which allows for the binding of cyanide and the formation of non-toxic cyanomethaemoglobin. Increased levels of methaemoglobin are found in blood stains. Upon exiting the body, bloodstains transit from bright red to dark brown which is attributed to oxidation of oxyhaemoglobin to methaemoglobin and

I had also done research on sodium nitrate. It is interesting that food labels claiming to be natural, have up to 10 times as much nitrite. We are being told to stay away from processed meats due to the sodium nitrate, but plants have this chemical compound in them as well. Whether it's carrots, cabbage, or celery they all have sodium nitrate. Sodium nitrate is found in fertilizer. Sodium nitrate has nitrogen in it, which helps enhance the growth of plants. Due to animals eating green leafy plants, when we eat the animals, is there already sodium nitrate inside the meat? Or is the manufacturer the one who brings the sodium nitrate into contact with the meat?

Pharmacodynamics Administration of N2O is painless, with a rapid onset and a short duration of action. The onset is approximately 1 to 5 minutes and the recovery time is 3 to 5minutes once the gas has been with-drawn.( Pasaron R., Burnweit C. ,Zerpa J., Malvezzi L.,Knight C., Shapiro T., Ramos-Irizarry C., Velis E.)