The Arab League: What Could Have Been But Never Was
Introduction
In an increasingly globalizing world, many problems that face humanity are of global concern and as such, require international co-operation in order to effectively combat issues such as terrorism and nuclear disarmament (Karns & Mingst. 2010). As a result, a rising need for global governance has emerged in the realm of international relations and policy as states search for ways in which they can manage their affairs (Karns & Mingst. 2010)..
This has prompted many international and transnational organizations to be formed by both governments and private individuals in which, individuals from all around the globe may gather and deal with the various issues and problems
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2010). This, combined with the anarchic realm which is the international system, will lead to norms and international law having minimal effect on the system and restraint of states (Karns & Mingst. 2010). Realists view international organizations, as being able to increase or decrease state power but not alter the power structure between states (Karns & Mingst. 2010). They argue that it is only a reflection of the power distribution amongst states and will never actually change or affect the inherent anarchical nature of the system and the self-interested nature of states and that states will also abandon co-operation if it will serve them more (Karns & Mingst. 2010). . These two theories will be the standards which the Arab League will be compared too as we shall explore the structural implications, history and policies of the organization and the extent to which they conform with Realist and Liberal assumptions on the effectiveness and relevance of international organizations in international relations.
History of the Arab League
Egypt, Jordon, Iraq, Syria, Saudi-Arabia and Lebanon formed the Arab League in March 1945. Yemen later joined the league in the following May of that year (Owen, 2004). The League was originally a British idea, which sought to protect their interests within the region during the Second World War, in an
Baxter, K. and Akbarzadeh, Shahram, _US foreign policy in the Middle East_, Routledge, London, 2008.
across a foreign land to help the townspeople. He kills the demon Grendel in order to stop his
Throughout Middle Eastern, beginning in the 1800’s many changes and continuities have occurred and shaped what there national identity is in present day. Religion and literature have remained a continuous factor throughout this time period; where as a very successful oil discovery and currently changing government help shape the Middle Eastern national identity
The Great Power involvement in the Middle East politics often creates and contributes to more conflicts and wars. The Middle East, a region described by Victor Israelyan as ‘one of sharp confrontation between the two superpowers unavoidably fell victim to such pressures.
During the period from starting of the Collaborative Learning Community till date, there has been considerable progress related to the assignment. The preliminary work was directed towards the completion of the agreement and individual task assignment, which was completed successfully with mutual understanding. The next important part was to select a vendor, which was completed with some research and from the member’s experience with particular product.
While the aftermath of World War II is often referred to as one of the primary creators of deep rooted turmoil in the Middle East region, the effects of the Cold War and the United States often over-zealous battle against communism is just as much a contributor if not more. The Arab world and the Middle East region were clearly going through quite an extraordinary period throughout World War II and its conclusion, primarily with the creation of most of the states we recognize today and struggling with the continuation of colonialism. These factors set the stage for the emergence of strong nationalist sentiments and Pan-Arab movements across the Middle East. Unfortunately, and much to the detriment of the region, the leaders of these young
The Middle East is far from monumental and homogenous. Its differences have been a source of both strength and inspiration. The most visible, most pervasive, and the least recognized aspects of
The Middle East region has been marred by deadly wars throughout many decades. Curiously though, the United States, Russia, Jews and Islamic parts are ever present parties in these circuses. They dictate the politics of the region and more importantly, its stability. The 1980s Afghanistan war and the current Syrian war are justifications of the above sentiments. This paper intends to highlight the role of the aforementioned parties in the afghan war and compare it to the Syrian debacle.
Middle East considers one of the most studied areas in the world due to its rich history of politics, social, economic, and its culture and civilization. Its borders are still arguable geographically, generally in the west it starts from morocco until Iran in the east, however, many scholars don’t agree on including Turkey either as a Middle Eastern or as a European country (Milton-Edwards, 2006. P: 4). The origin of the name was invented by the colonies as a necessity to describe the place geographically, which was the era of bringing “Middle East” the language of academic writings and political scientists. Changes, innovations, and new ideologies create gaps between the transformations of any perspectives to a different
Even the most superficial analysis of Middle Eastern events and misadventures of the past ten years would acknowledge the prophetic clairvoyance of this first argument. The post-US withdrawal sectarian crackdown and violence in Iraq has shattered its delicate secular evolution potentially sparking a new civil war, has given rise to the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), drawing in thousands of disaffected Islamic youth from all over the world, conflated a civil conflict in Syria that now
At this point in time, the main actors in the international system are nation-states seeking an agenda of their own based on personal gain and national interest. Significantly, the most important actor is the United States, a liberal international economy, appointed its power after the interwar period becoming the dominant economy and in turn attained the position of hegemonic stability in the international system. The reason why the United States is dominating is imbedded in their intrinsic desire to continuously strive for their own national interest both political and economic. Further, there are other nature of actors that are not just nation-states, including non-states or transnational,
the conflict in the middle east between 1948-1973 was not purely fuelled by the interest and concerns of the superpowers but rather of a series of conflictual incidents, aswell as the main wars that took place from the years from 1948-1967 such as the: 1948 War, The Six Day War of 1967 and the Yom Kippur war of 1973. But although the conflict was not fuelled by the superpowers, the influence of the superpowers and the reach of the superpowers into the Middle East was evident in the years both prior and following 1978. But even despite the influence and interests of the superpowers between and including 1948-1967 being undeniably evident, the extent of this influence cannot be said to have “fuelled the conflict”.
Hon Hain Precision Industry Company, better known as Foxconn, was established as a manufacturing company in 1974. This company specializes in its ability to manufacture and assemble mass quantities of consumer electronics. As a result of the product demand, Foxconn hires over a million employees to meet their quota from major corporations, such as Apple, Motorola, Microsoft, and many others. Moreover, the employees face many horrific working conditions. Employees are subjected to long hours, poor ventilation, low wages, little privacy, and limited human interactions (source). In addition to all these factors, employees encounter a dehumanization process. Foxconn preys on country civilians that travel to work, which allows the company to offer low wages because of the lack of family support. Furthermore, the employees need to produce a desired amount or accept humiliation by their peers.
Through all these wars the Arabs never lost hope that they would win and banded together in unity against Israel; this idea is called Pan Arabism
The Arab League 's Purpose is to strengthen the relations between member states, coordinate policies, and be a safeguard to independence & sovereignty. The organization also has to purpose to serve as an actor to close co-operation between member states on certain issues that may arise. The following matters that the Arab League oversees are any economic or financial affair; this includes commercial and customer relations and currency. They also have the power to be an actor in the co-operation of communications between membered states. Communications contain railroad, roads and navigation matters. The extraction of criminals and issues with nationality or passport also fall under the acting power of the Arab League. If any of these matters lead to disagreements with membered states of the League, and it results in aggression or the threat of aggression, the threatened state may demand convocation of the council. This is how the Arab League serves as a forum. The task of the council is to decide what means are necessary to guarantee peace & security, and to regulate co-operations in social & economic relations. Each member has a single for in the forum, regardless of the number of representatives. If a state is threatening another state, and can lead to war, the threatening state does not get a vote when the council mediates the differences. If a decision is unanimous between all the voting members, the decision of the council will be binding to all membered states. If