An Anti Apartheid Movement During The Boer War

Apartheid “denied blacks national citizenship, ownership of land, and any voice in the nation’s government” (Macionis 256). The policy of apartheid is a racial caste system designed to keep the white minority leaders in power while oppressing the black majority as well as people of mixed-race and Asian descent. As a result of the apartheid, blacks were much poorer than whites, they could not receive jobs that paid well and also had less schooling than their white counterparts. Living under these conditions made it nearly impossible for blacks to move up in the world. Furthermore, if anyone resisted the apartheid rule, they would suffer great (often violent) consequences. But the consistency of resistance led to change and by the “mid-1980s…the South African government granted limited political rights to people of mixed race and Asian ancestry” (Macionis 256). One of the major leaders against apartheid was Nelson

Apartheid was a set of racial laws that segregated the various race groups of South Africa. It came into power along with the National Party came into power in 1948. The government was ruled by all white members and they enforced racial segregation policies that served to benefit whites and put down other races. Some laws included not allowing certain races to live or even enter certain areas, known as pass laws. Another law prohibited whites and blacks from being together romantically. Even when Blacks got to work in some of the same field of jobs as whites, they were forced into black specific groups. Apartheid split the population into four groups. White being the most privileged and getting the most benefits; whites held the most control.

The Apartheid was initiated as a ploy for Europeans to better control the exploited populations for economic gain, as maintaining tension between the different racial classifications diverted attention from the Europeans as it fed hatred between groups. This assisted in minimizing unity between the exploited to rally against European control as it backhandedly induced “submission” for survival. One way of accomplishing this was by instilling laws that’d force segregation, classification, educational “requirements”, and economic purposes. The Population Registration Act of 1950 enacted, requiring segregation of Europeans from Afrikaans . Following shortly, the Group Areas Act of 1950 was enacted as a new form of legislation alongside the Population Registration Act. This detailed act separated tribes based on ethnics; consequently, further detailing segregation amongst the natives .

Beginning early in the 1970s and extending into the ‘80s, students, laborers and ordinary citizens became more involved in the struggle against Apartheid. High school students began protesting the segregated system more vigorously, and many ended up dead at the hands of National Party police forces in the June uprising of 1976. The late 70’s and 80’s saw the rise in dissidence amongst ordinary South Africans towards the Apartheid laws. After the student uprising of 1976, the ranks of MK were augmented considerably, leading to resurgence in anti-Apartheid activities and ushered in the first reforms to the Apartheid since its

The avowal that the apartheid ‘vision for democracy’ necessitated state terror and repression is evident when examining the South African apartheid system between 1960 -1994. The system of apartheid spiked significant internal resistance, hence, the ideology for apartheid stems from the creation of a white state surrounded by economically interdependent and politically dependent black states, which required state terror and repression to ensure mounting resistance and international condemnation did not abolish the apartheid system. The government responded to a series of popular uprisings and protests with police brutality, which increased support for armed resistance. Detentions were set without trial, torture, censorship and the outlawing of political oppositional organizations such as The African National Congress, the Black Conscious Movement, the Azanian Peoples Organisation, The Pan Africanist Congress and the United Democratic Front, were all a result of the apartheid government due to political resistance.

South African Apartheid was the government enforced policy of extreme segregation and discrimination which lasted from 1948 to 1991; this affected both Black and Asian citizens of South Africa and deprived them of their basic human rights. Before Apartheid, South Africa already had conditions that were comparable to segregation in the United States: there were laws restricting voting, buying land, and jobs. The National Party in South Africa is the all-white government party that gained power through white supremacy and white nationalism, and they believed that they had a God-given right to control Africa. The implementation of Apartheid by the government of South Africa was a disastrous decision that negatively affected non-European citizens

In the article ”Learn about South Africa”, Hannah Lantos educates us on how Black and coloured people who lived in South Africa, had little rights until a man named Nelson Mandela came along and restored equality. The native people in South Africa lived peacefully until diamonds and gold were discovered and many people went there to work in the mines and to own them (Lantos par.3). The conflict still continued and the native people had a very difficult time.”The Natives’ Land Act of 1913 severely restricted the ownership or land by ‘Black’ to the small percentage of 7%” (Lantos par. 4). The National Party was elected and they intensified the racial segregation program (Lantos par. 4). A man named Nelson Mandela was against this unfair apartheid

The national party achieved power in South Africa in 1948 the government, usually comprised on “white people”, and racially segregated the country by a policy under the Apartheid legislation system. With this new policy in place the black South African people were forced to live segregated from the white people and use separate public facilities. There were many attempts to overthrow the Apartheid regime, it persisted to control for almost 50 years.

Thousands of people were poor they had to move to places called homelands. They were all black areas with the least fertile land and there blacks lived in poverty. In the 1950’s blacks and some whites started peaceful protests. Thousands of men and women were killed in the protests. All protests even the peaceful ones were banned. In the 1970’s other countries around the world joined in the fight against aparthied. They did this by not lending them money and not sending over recources. Also they even furthure went in not letting South Africa compete in the Olympic games. In 1990 F. W. de Klerk a afrinkanor who was the presedent led in abolishing the aparthied laws. In 1994 a new presedent was in office, Nelson Mandela. He was the first black presedent in South Africa. A equality movement was started by Mandela. A new presedent was elected and Mandela retired. Mbeki has kept encouraging equal rights and has been working on other large issues as well. They are now a democratic goverment and a new constitution has been writtin. For the most part there are now equal rights and black and whites have the same

The apartheid began in the year 1948. The reasoning behind the Apartheid is so that the government could cement their leadership. Black South Africans were affected by the Apartheid. Life for Black South Africans was very difficult. Blacks were treated like property. They were forced to live in a certain place. They did not have the right to vote or travel freely. Races such as “black” and “white” are not allowed to marry, even if they wanted to.

The Boers fought the British in the Boer war, the British were dominating the Boers, but the ending of the war was different than usual wars, the Boers signed a treaty ending it’s independence and ending the war. After the First-Anglo Boer war ended in 1881, which resulted in a Boer victory, another conflict was beginning to arise which sparked the start of the Second Boer War in 1999. A prime reason for the start of this war was the vast resources the Boer region contained, with large goldfields and diamonds, thus it was on high demand to take over. The Boer region was fighting alongside the Orange Free State for its independence against the British. This Boer region was located in Southern Africa present day South Africa and Swaziland. The Boer war between the British Empire and the Boers of the Transvaal and Orange Free State erupted in 1867 as diamonds and gold were discovered within the disputed region that led to the conflict between the Boer States and Britain inevitable, The British were able to defeat the Boers by 1902 while the Peace of Vereeniging was signed, ending hostilities.

During the year of 1948, the lives of south Africans changed forever. The National Party, which was an all-white government, gained power and created hell for non-white citizens, their goal was to have white people continue to dominate the country and to keep each race separated from each other; even though at the time whites were only 20% of the population. The apartheid, which literally means “apartness” lasted until 1991, and during this time many acts were passed. One being that “non-white Africans were forced to live in separate areas from whites, and use public facilities separately. Contact between groups was limited.” (History.com) As for woman specifically, since they are “regarded as dependents and are inferior to men…” (anc.org) they were even further discriminated against during the apartheid. In rural areas, specifically, a woman’s workload increased dramatically as they tried to produce enough food off the land to feed their families. Many men were absent from their rural homes due to being a migrant laborer, which were poorly paid. The combined workload of caring for a family, the land, and themselves all alone, is the direct result of apartheid laws. When the apartheid ended, the hardships still effected everyone’s lives, and not in a good way.

I have always thought that Nelson Mandela has been one of the most important people in history. I find it very fascinating that one man could end the Apartheid and that is why I want to find out more about this. South Africa is a country with a past of enforced racism and separation of its multi-racial community. The White Europeans invaded South Africa and started a political system known as 'Apartheid' (meaning 'apartness'). This system severely restricted the rights and lifestyle of the non-White inhabitants of the country forcing them to live separately from the White Europeans. I have chosen to investigate how the Apartheid affected people’s lives, and also how and why the Apartheid system rose and fell in South Africa.

South Africa has had a history of treating people of African descent as inferior despite them being the majority. During the 19th century, British settlers tried to restrict the movement of black people in and around areas occupied by whites and controlled by the British. The South Africa Act of 1910 gave whites complete political control over all races. During World War II, Jan Smut led the United Party and began to loosen up on the segregation laws but the Sauer Commission was established in 1947 to focus on the relocation of blacks into urban areas and the negative effects it would have on white businesses and jobs. In the election of 1948, Smuts's United

opinion of how the country works as he grew up, and when he was 16 the