An Antidote to Modern Society: Stoicism In the early days of the United States, Jefferson laments to his friend Thomas Paine “many of the high and important characters are in need of learning the lessons of republicanism.” Jefferson encourages Paine to “Go on then in doing with your pen what in other times was done with the sword” (Jefferson). Echoing the adage “The pen is mightier than the sword”, this proverb is the basis of Bernays’ philosophy. When Bernays revolutionized public relations, he did so by operating on the mind. His legacy is prevalent to this day, as displayed by the seemingly limitless amounts of advertisements seen daily. Since it is intellectually lazy to fall victim to propaganda, adopting a practical philosophy such as Stoicism can serve to resist those who wish to manipulate. The nephew of psychoanalysis giant Sigmund Freud, Edward Bernays applied his uncle’s research to modern society. Written on his tombstone is “the father of public relations”, as his campaigns transformed how companies interact with society. Bernays expresses his justification for public relations in his book Propaganda. In the opening chapter, Organizing Chaos, Bernays asserts “The conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democratic society” (9). He specifies “economic life would become hopelessly jammed. To avoid such confusion, society consents… through propaganda of all
Heather Brooke once said, “Public relations is at best promotion or manipulation, at worst evasion and outright deception. What it is never about is a free flow of information.” Describing the endeavor desire for power can appear to be genuine flawlessness, however one ought to be watchful what they wish for, in light of the fact that that power may be precisely what causes their ruin. William Shakespeare's account of a man named Macbeth vividly explains the force of manipulating power within relationships.\r\nMacbeth’s destructive choices propelled the action forward because he was strongly influenced by the manipulations of others around him causing self-destruction. William Shakespeare’s patronizing play,
Though 2016 is a time of new technology and innovation, it is still important to consider the history that has come before. It is relevant to understand propaganda during the Spanish Civil War because by understanding this, we actually understand how propaganda functions in today’s world. To get their point across, companies use propaganda and though most people see propaganda as done in one way, it is actually true that there are many methods used by propagandists. By understanding the propaganda use in the Spanish Civil War, we may be able to better understand the consumer-producer relationship. How do companies today suck in consumers to buy their products? This is a question that bothers many psychologists, but the root to understanding
How might someone make the world a better place? It could be through little things like, not complaining, or by being self reliant, or by controlling your temper. This description lightly describes the concept of stoicism. Now think about what the kind of person Marcus Brutus, from William Shakespeare’s “Julius Caesar”, is. There is much evidence from Marcus Aurelius, the author of “The Meditations”, and from the works of Shakespeare, that Marcus Brutus leads a stoic
The reading Seneca, “Life Guided by Stoic Philosophy,” discusses the philosophy related to Stoicism. It compares the popular Epicureanism with another upcoming famous religion, Stoicism. Stoicism’s main notion is living “according to nature” which implies to living in accordance to the rational principle known as logos. Seneca further explains that in order to reach a state of contentment, one must focus on what they are able to control and disregard that which is not within our power. He emphasizes having a “good frame of mind” which is achieved by meditation and mental preparation. The modern Stoicism differs from before, instead of maintaining good posture in the face of misfortune, one must instead show no emotion, meaning detachment from
In this age of mass media, we are faced with information, messages, and opinions. Every time one turns on the television or computer there are countless advertisements. Some trying to persuade one to buy a product, or vote for someone. There is no escape from persuasive media in
There are no complete works available from the Early and Middle Stoa periods and only Roman works from the Late Stoa period are available for study.
Circling any solid thesis, he claims that generations of Americans have been brainwashed by mass communications, ruining any “genuine community life” (2000, p. 214), a vague picture of the pre-Cold War era that never becomes defined. The Cold War era may have featured significant changes in the way American communities functioned, but summoning up a sitcom image instead of genuine examples to support one of his key arguments simply weakens his case. His one clearly stated goal is to revive the association of the phrase “mass communications” with the word “propaganda” – a word that appears thirty times in these fourteen pages.
In modern society, a conflict exists between the accurate depiction of stoicism and the misconstrued, popular conception of it. Someone who is Stoic is seen as a person who shows no emotion or who is in general a cold person. While this may be true to a degree, the reason why Stoics choose to not have or show emotion is not understood by most. It is important to understand that their philosophy ends up affecting how they think about emotions, as in showing no emotion is a byproduct of the way they think. It is important to first understand the reasoning behind Stoic theory in order to understand why they show no emotion. While stoicism can be explained in many ways, their basic beliefs render its philosophy impractical and inconsistent.
Stoic’s aphorism seem to get its best expression in Mrs. Thatcher’s philanthropic adage ‘one-of-us-ness’. Animals, the beautiful creatures of God in stoic and later especially in Porphyry’s sense need to be treated as rational. Stoic asks for justice to all rational beings but it seems to me that there is no relevant proclaim from their side which talks in favour of the animal’s justice. They claim about the rationality of animals but do not confer a right like the human that later Porphyry wonderfully introduced in his writing On Abstinence From Animal Food. Aristotle’s successor Theophratus believes that both animals and humans are made of the same tissues and like human, animals too has the same way of perception, reasoning and appetites.
The Stoics viewed philosophy as a tangible thing. To them, it was not abstract, nor was it theoretical. They posited that it was meant to help with the life’s problems. The Stoics developed a practical philosophy to make sense of the world around them. It was deliberately designed to help its devotees succeed and live good lives. Stoicism touts a quite uncomplicated principle: We do not control the world around us; we control only how we respond. And so we may as well respond well–respond virtuously.
All the readings in this class influenced me in various ways, however, the most significant one that created a massive impact on me would me the “Live Like A Stoic for a Week” handbook. Throughout my life, I’ve been focusing on all the events and things that is not in my control. I tend to stress myself out in numerous ways when I shouldn’t have. Actually, I wasn’t supposed to waste my time and energy on things that didn’t matter. I’ve only come to this realization after reading about the Stoics. During the week where I practiced the Stoic’s way of living, I realized that I’ve been living my life incorrectly. Stoic’s practices allowed me to see and to react to situations differently. Back then, I would always let my emotions get to me. Whenever
Constructed from Wladyslaw Szpilman’s memoirs, and directed by Oscar winning director, Roman Polanski. The Pianist, is a movie about a Polish Jewish radio station pianist Wladyslaw Szpilman and his family during the second world war. Szpilman is forced into the Warsaw Ghetto, and is later separated from his family. Stoicism the ability to endure an unpleasant or difficult process or situation without giving in. In The Pianist, Polanski used cinematography with a touch of sound to depict Stoicism in various forms and in various scenes.Throughout the movie, Szpilman, his family, and the Polish Jewish population has had to endure the hardship that a world war entails. Throughout the course of the movie, the Germans are shown trying to end
Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Skepticism brought new perspectives about how the world or life in general should be viewed after Alexander’s conquests became from polis to cosmopolitan Hellenistic cities.
Advertisements work in such a way that we grow to envy those we are not; they exploit our perceived flaws by displaying a person who is the living and breathing version of who we wish to be. John Berger in his book, Ways of Seeing, explains that publicity works by convincing his reader that advertisements use envy to entice the public to buy products: “Publicity persuades us...by showing us people who have apparently been transformed and are, as a result, enviable” (131). Though Berger published his book in 1972, his arguments about envy and publicity still hold truth, perhaps now more than ever. Furthermore, the more present advertisements are in our everyday life, the more envious our society becomes. With the power of envy, those who fall under its spell become choiceless, and therefore powerless. Berger also argues in his book that there is a correlation between the number of advertisements we see and the less freedom Americans possess. However, Berger believes that capitalism hides this powerlessness with the illusion of choice: “Publicity helps to mask and compensate for all that is undemocratic within society” (149). This idea Berger has relates not only to the advertisement of products, but also to present-day politics. Withheld information creates power using envy which is used in both advertisements and the US government. As more envy is created with modern day technology, and we become more immersed into social media, the further we stray from democracy.
Therefore Bernay gives us three tendencies of fundamental importance’s. Tendency number one, “increase public interest in industrial aggregations” (Bernay, 1923, p. 66). The first tendency basically tells PR practitioners that it is important to keep their clients and public happy. They need to find a way to make themselves stay relevant and keeping up with what the public want. Second tendency “the increased readiness of the public, due to spread of literacy and democratic forms of government” (Bernay, 1923, p. 66). News spread out like wildfires, when a controversy happens within the government or entertainment industry, public relations has to keep up with it and put that fire out, or else people will keep on misunderstanding and demanding information. Lastly tendency three, “keen competition for public favor due to modern methods of ‘selling’” (Bernays, 1923. P 66). The public relations field is as competitive like every other career fields out there. To be a good practitioner you need to have networking and being able to handle any sort situations, that is what will keep you high in the competition.