This is an Extended Experimental Investigation on a bacterial outbreak in a workplace. The key ideas and concept, is based around health and disease with the prevention of bacteria being the key purpose. The intention of the EEI is to develop a scenario which can be modified to demonstrate and test different variables, these variables include, water, soap, anti-bacterial soap and Dettol’s effect on the chosen bacterial outbreak. The chosen bacteria is, Staphylococcus Epidermidis and its effect in an aeroplane scenario. Once the experiment is conducted the results will be used to confirm the hypothesis, answer significant questions and examine various theories and principals involved in the scenario.
1.2 The Scenario
Lana Lane, an aeroplane hostess for Quantas, was recently infected with the bacteria called Staphylococcus Epidermidis. She is a carrier of bacteria and has it on her skin. Lana Lane, is a member of the well-known terrorist group called Isis and a server for food and drinks. This is close to perfect for the bacteria to spread from Lana to the surrounding passengers. This transfer of the bacteria will be through skin to skin contact (hands). Luckily on the aeroplane there was four types of hand wash, water, soap, disinfectant soap (anti-bacteria) and Dettol hand sanitiser. With this equipment and knowledge, is it possible for Lana Lane to effectively stop or prevent the spread of the bacteria through the use of the hand washing solutions provided? Can results be
This experiment illustrates the importance of handwashing and proves that hand washing is worth it. Since our hands are constantly coming into contact with ourselves and others, touching surfaces, grabbing objects, being sneezed into, etc., keeping our hands clean is one of the most effective, yet simple way we can take to avoid getting sick and spreading germs to others. Many diseases and conditions are spread by not washing hands with soap and clean, running warm water. “The human skin is a host to anywhere between 10,000-10,000,000 bacteria per square centimeter and since health care providers come into contact with pathogenic bacteria by being engaged in patient care, hand washing can reduce the risk of spreading diseases (page 3).” The objective of the experiment is to test the effectiveness of hand washing and demonstrate normal flora. This report presents the procedures and materials for the experiment, the experiment's results, and an analysis of those results.
Hospital acquired infections are a big problem today, but the use of disinfectants by the medical staff can help to avoid or limit such exposures to pathogens. The authors’ main purpose of this research article was to educate and teach the importance of hand hygiene and test the reason why certain virucidal hand-rubs result in poor compliance due to the poor tolerability of the products. The overall goal with the study would to show the reason certain hand rubs are not being used and how to improve their formula to increase compliance. The article written by the author was very well written with a thorough abstract. The study was very easy to follow and read, due to the well thought out structure of the article. The authors introduction starts out by stating the approximate amount of hospital acquired infections in the European Union and why hand sanitizers play an important role to avoid such infections. The introductions statement showed the importance of the topic. Although some of the results were complicated and confusing, the discussion laid out the results in layman
Health care providers and visitors are required to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) and follow strict hand hygiene procedures. Contaminated rooms, surfaces, and laundry items are properly disinfected to prevent the spread of MRSA. In addition to policy and procedures, patient teaching is also helpful for preventing exposure and spread of MRSA. As aforementioned earlier, hand hygiene is key to prevent exposer or transmission of the bacteria. To properly wash your hand effectively, first scrub hands rapidly for at least 15 seconds. Next, use a disposable towel to dry them and another towel to turn off the faucet. In addition, hand sanitizer that contains 62 percent or more of alcohol may be an adequate substitute when the individual does not have access to soap and water (Mayo Clinic Staff,
Hand washing is said to be one of the best ways to prevent the spread of bacteria. Hand sanitizers are made up from an alcohol based compound that prevents the spread of bacteria. In addition, we clean surfaces with wipes that disinfect and or soapy water (cutting boards especially). Us, humans, also take several antibiotics if ill with any type of infection. We also wash ourselves and even food to get rid of the bacteria.
Practicing hand hygiene is simple and most effective measures for preventing or controlling the cross- transmission of microorganism. Hand hygiene whether by washing hands with soap and water or use of the alcohol- based hand rubs are very crucial to prevent infection (Pittet et al., 2004). Alcohol- based hand rubs should be available at the every entrance of organization
There are innumerable ways in which infections and bacteria can be spread throughout many environments, especially in hospitals settings, this generally occurs as patients are often vulnerable. In this paper, the prevention of bacteria, infections and infection control will be discussed, as an act to hinder the spread of infections using hand hygiene. Strategies to prevent the spread of infection will be also discussed and explored through the use of an example case study of Mrs. Jones.
Contaminated surfaces in healthcare facilities are the main source of pathogens associated with HAIs. Pathogens can survive on the surfaces for several weeks facilitating their transmission through person-person contact 1,2. Surface contamination occurs by direct transfer through touching from an infected or colonized patient, or from healthcare staff carrying the pathogenic microbe on their hands. When a surface has become contaminated, a cyclical problem occurs because the microorganisms can be transferred to other surfaces and patients in the vicinity. While appropriate hand washing by healthcare staff can reduce the further spread of pathogens through hand-surface transmission,3 it cannot prevent surface contamination by the patient and
This experiment enabled the class to test whether if antiseptics are effective in reducing the number if bacteria that are on your fingers. In this experiment, some people generated a lab where they soaked, washed, or scrubbed their thumb. As seen in Figure 2, people who did not wash their thumbs in the beginning of the experiment had a high number of bacterial colonies grown on the agar plate. In the after column, this showed that there was a little to none number of bacterial colonies that after the thumb was soaked with the antiseptic. In the figure, again the people who did not wash their thumb had a high number of bacterial colonies grown on the plate. As seen in Figure 2, people who washed and scrubbed their thumbs with the antiseptics had little to none bacterial colonies grown on the agar plate. In Figure 3, my partner and I designed an experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of antiseptics. We did not wash the thumb before placing in the plate and we saw 23 bacterial colonies grown on the plate. Then we soaked the thumb with 70% Ethanol and saw that there were no bacterial colonies, proving that antiseptics played a major role inhibiting growth of bacteria or killing
In this experiment each individual used the same hand washing method to measure the effectiveness of clean hands with antiseptic vs. dirty hands with no antiseptic. Afterward, observing the reduction of the number and types of bacteria on his or her hands. The antiseptic used in this experiment was one pump of Germ X with no paper towels after applying. After an incubation period of one night the plates were looked at and test results/pictures were obtained. Growth was indicated by a + for growth, a ++ for tremendous growth and a – for no growth at all.
Throughout the antiseptics experiment, three different hand sanitizers were tested; One Step, Bath and Body Works, and Purell. Among these three different hand sanitizers, after observing our petri dish, we were able to figure out which one was the most effective in inhibiting bacteria. The sanitizer which was most effective in inhibiting bacterial growth was C, Purell. We are able to see that the Purell sanitizer which was placed on the disc and had diffused onto section C, was the most effective when inhibiting bacterial growth of observations that included of the measurement of the zone of inhibition and also research upon the active ingredient with the sanitizer. We also observed that the Purell sanitizer (in section C) was the most effective because the zone of inhibition was the largest at the end of the two days from all of the other sections and sanitizers. The
Bacteria surround us, they cover our bodies from our phalanges on our feet to the follicles of hair on our craniums. Therefore, it is important to realize that while, the majority of these astounding microorganisms are beneficial, certain bacteria are devastating to our health.
Society has taught us to frequently wash our hands and rarely wonder why beyond the simple fact that it kills germs. According to author David Born, Dr. Ludwig Sammelweis discovered that transmission of germs was causing a high rate of illness and death due to the lack of use of antiseptics. When he tested handwashing, and realized that survival and health rates increased he could conclude that the bacteria and uncleanliness were the cause of illness. By simply using an antiseptic the bacteria were killed and reduced. Now handwashing is a well-known health precaution that is used by millions (Born, 2000). Today the focus is placed on what handwashing methods are most effective. This lab has a specific focus on whether bar soap or antibacterial
Hand washing is one of the easiest and most effective ways to stop the spread of germs that can make people sick. From colds to H1N1 flu to food-borne bacteria, good hand washing practices help keep employees, patients and family members healthier. It is essential to provide patient care in a safe and clean environment, where the risk of them acquiring an infection is kept as low as possible. The hands of practice staff are the most important vehicles of cross infection. The hands of patients can also carry microbes to other body sites, equipment and staff. Hand hygiene is one of the most important methods of preventing health-care associated infections (HCAI). The problem of HCAI needs to be emphasized not only because of the large number of patients affected every year, but also for its significant impact in terms of prolonged hospital stay, attributable mortality, and other complications, as well as excess costs.
When analyzing the results, one can see that the data supports that each of the plasmid’s genes are unrelated, supporting the original hypothesis. Since each strain of the E. Coli. were collected from three separate farm of considerable difference the results are logical. Three different strains of bacterial contamination because there are three different genes. In order to stop the outbreak on the farms, each of the farmers should test the food, building material, etc. to determine the source of contamination. In order to prevent future outbreaks in the meat, the farmers should take more carefully precautions in handling, preparing, and packaging the meat. Even though E. Coli. is found naturally in the intestine, if the bacteria is spread
This assignment will encompass how the results of the personal hygiene and susceptibility microbiology experiments provide a framework for the basis of the NICE Clinical Guidance (CG139) on Infection and how crucial the reasons for the hand wash protocol and hygiene is in all healthcare settings.