An Exploration Into Heat Propagation

There are four basic components for thermal energy (heat): 1. All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. These can only be seen with special microscopes. 2. The atoms are always moving – they all have kinetic energy. 3. The particles have space between them. Different states of matter have different amounts of space. 4. Adding heat (energy) to matter makes the particles move more quickly. Since faster moving things have more kinetic energy, adding heat increases the energy of the particle. 5. Cooling it down decreases the amount of kinetic energy and slows the movement down.

The unbearable heat bears down on one like that of the weight of the world. It makes one lethargic and weak. It consumes one’s will to live and carry on. All that happens in this existential heat are cries for help and gnashing of teeth. One might be led to believe that this is some kind terrible place that someone might go to die, but the place described is actually an establishment of learning. This is Midland Christian School. While one might think that a school should have the best educational environment that is available, Midland Christian does not prove that via the lack of functional air conditioning.

Society is heavily reliant on fire. It provides warmth, lighting, and is used to prepare food. Fire allowed humans to move from the cave to the modern age. When it is used safely it is an invaluable tool but when it is abused or not used appropriately it destroys life and property. As society became more modern, so did the need for an organized fire department. Despite the best efforts from fire departments to educate the public about fire safety, the loss of life and property damage stills occurs to this day. When a fire occurs, fire departments suppress the fire and a fire investigator typically investigate the fire in order to attempt to determine the cause and origin. The investigator knows that fire dynamics is derived from the combined disciplines of physics, thermodynamics, chemistry, heat transfer, and fluid mechanics (Icove, DeHaan, & Haynes, 2013). They also must understand how a fires behavior is influenced by factors such as fuel loads, ventilation, and physical configuration of the room (Icove et al., 2013).

The addition or removal of energy can affect an equilibrium by decreasing the rates of reaction. It can be seen as temperature changes a substances phase of matter, it also affects the probability of collision. Both of these changes can be put into terms of changing how much space these chemically-compatible particles take over time. And as you would concentrate a system over a smaller volume, it can be seen temperature and the context of the particles decrease the space of colliding probability, therefore increasing its likelihood. In terms of heat, the equation expressed for equilibrium may not show how the amount of energy could affect the rate of change in concentrations. The heat given by or taken from the surrounding system should be treated as a constituent of one side of the reaction. Whether it is an exothermic or endothermic reaction, the equilibrium will attempt to bring back the system to normalcy. Given which type of reaction though, you can predict which side will be favored when the equilibrium reestablishes itself. Adding heat will favor the opposite side in an exothermic reaction. Subtracting heat though, will favor the product side as the system will try to restore the original consistent amount of heat there

Houses use insulation to prevent heat loss in winter and prevent over heating in summer. People put insulation in between their roofs. This is often used when the roof in metal or tin which attracts heat and has makes houses hotter. This insulation stop heat from being able to transfer into the house making it hot in summer. This insulation also prevents heat from escaping the house in winter keeping the house warm. Houses also use glass which is more expensive but more efficient. This glass is made with two panels are vacuumed meaning that all of the air is sucked out between them and this all so prevents the heat transfer keeping the house cooler in summer and warmer in winter.

All organisms perform vital reactions and carryout several mechanisms for survival. “All of the chemical reactions involving energy transformations in the cells of the body” (Mastrobuoni et al., 2014) constitute an organism’s metabolism. Metabolism is comprised of two types of reactions processes: catabolism and anabolism. Catabolism is the breakdown and release of energy while anabolism is the building or synthesis of energy through energy absorption. Thermoregulation takes into account such different reaction processes occurring and their coupling.

Hotter objects lose heat by emitting infrared radiation. Colder objects emit less infrared radiation than hotter objects.

As the foetus is maturing in the womb their skin begins to keratinise from 18 weeks gestation onwards, until by 32 to 34 weeks gestation the stratum corneum (which controls evaporative heat loss and transepidermal water loss (TEWL)) has become well developed. (Heuchan et al, 2006) For babies born before 30 weeks their skin immaturity puts them at increased risk of dehydration and hypothermia. For those babies born 26 weeks and below studies reveal that they will lose large amounts of fluid from their skin by TEWL (approximately 150mls/kg/day) affecting urine output, causing electrolyte disturbances and requiring high fluid maintenance volumes (Heuchan et al, 2006) . In addition the water lost by evaporation uses up precious calories and heat, often more heat that the baby is able to

The Effect of the Surrounding Medium of a Fluid on its Rate of Heat Loss was conducted by the experimenter. The sciences behind the investigation include the five primary methods of heat loss and the characteristics of the fluid encompassing mediums such as being good conductors of thermal energy and having low emissivity. The purpose of the experiment was to establish the best medium for sustaining the temperature of a fluid. The experimenter hypothesized that if a liquefied substance is placed in Styrofoam, metal, glass, and thermoflask medium, then the substance’s rate of heat loss will be slowest in the thermoflask medium. To conduct the experiment, the investigator poured 90 degrees Celsius water into the four mediums, Styrofoam, metal, glass, and thermoflask, then recorded the temperatures after 30 minutes. The result temperatures were divided by 30 to calculate the degrees Celsius lost per minute. The hypothesis turned out to be correct with thermoflask losing heat the slowest at a rate of 1.01 degrees Celsius lost per minute. The glass medium had the fastest rate of heat loss at a rate of 1.26 degrees Celsius lost per minute. There was an explanation behind why the results came out the way they did. According to the Stefan-Boltzmann law, materials with low emissivity lose radiated heat slowly. Thermoflasks have a low emissivity which gives reason to why the thermoflask was more efficient at sustaining a temperature of a fluid. The glass’ speedy rate of heat loss was

The first law of thermodynamics states that the energy of the universe is constant. Heat is transferred when the atoms of one material vibrate and collide with the atoms of another material, thus transferring energy. For this reason, heats always travel from hot to cold objects and two objects will reach an equilibrium temperature.

When heat is added to a substance, the kinetic energy of individual particles increases, which makes them move faster resulting in a increase in temperature. The more heat that is added per gram of substance, the greater the temperature change. The relationship between the heat added, the mass of a substance, and the temperature change it undergoes is known as the specific heat.

What will be the amount of energy contained in specific snack foods? This question will be solved by using the heat energy equation, Q=mCΔT. “Q or q” will represent the heat in joules, this will be found algebraically by filling in the rest of the heat energy equation. “m” will represent the mass in grams, this will be found by finding the mass of the water. “C” will represent specific heat in Joules/grams °Celsius, the specific heat of water will always be 4.184 J/g°C. “ΔT” will represent the change in temperature, this will be found by subtracting the final temperature of the water by the original temperature of the water. Capital Q means that heat will be added-endothermic. Lowercase q means that heat will be lost-exothermic. The law conservation of energy says that energy will not be created nor destroyed, but will be converted from one form to another. The percent error equation will be (accepted-experimental) ÷ (accepted), accepted is the Cal/g on the snack food’s package, and the experimental is the Cal/g that is calculated during the experiment. The independent variable will be the Marshmallow, CHEEZ-IT, Cheetos, and Chex-mix. The dependent variable will be the energy in either Joules/grams or Calories/gram because the amount of energy depends on the snack food. The controlled variable will be the amount of water in the calorimeter because the water will be the same amount in every trial. A bar graph will be needed to determine which snack food

The thermal models are governed by following equations. Where Rhs is the total thermal resistance of a heatsink, which is summation of thermal resistance of the fin (Rf) and thermal resistance of the base (Rb).

Now we demonstrate the use of the method of separation of variables by applying it to the one-dimensional transient heat conduction problem given in Eqs. (1). First,

Like Exergy, Entransy dissipation is also found which occurs due to thermal resistance. In a previous research work[20], Entransy was mentioned as the heat transfer potential of any substance .In another article [21], a combination of entransy & environmental analyses and entransy & the life cycle cost analyses were conducted to investigate the optimum insulation thickness of two different insulation material glasswool and rockwool . The optimum insulation thicknesses from glasswool and rockwool were found respectively 0.003 and 0.057m higher in environmental analysis than life cycle cost analysis