An Extremely Brief History of India

Even the colonised India was capable of sustaining its economy if it would not have been

The history of the nation of India is a long and interesting one but most westernizes lack any true understanding of it. Like any long standing culture there have been good and bad periods in their history but one period has been identified as the "Golden Age of India (Dehejia, 1993)." This period, which lasted over a hundred years (322 BCE 185 BCE), began when an exiled general by the name of Chandragupta Maurya overthrew the reigning king Dhana Nanda. Once Chandragupta Maurya had established his new government in the Eastern area of India he began expanding his power westward across Central and Western India and, in the process, the religions of Hinduism and Buddhism also began to spread throughout India (Avari, 2007).

Chapter 1 talks about the various forms of government that used to exist in ancient India.it talks about how Government in ancient India was a sovereignty over a region by a ruler who worked as its defender, a role which included both secular and religious force with The importance of authority changing drastically between the Vedic and Later Vedic period, and experiencing further improvement affected by Buddhism. Over time, the ruler developed from what might as well be called a tribal boss to a completely divine god-lord on whose sacrifices the kingdom depended for success and on whose laws the society depended for order The king was not considered divine in the early Vedic period. However, the king was increasingly

Did you know that India is the second most populated country in the world with over 1.2 billion people? This heavily populated country’s history and culture was, and still is, affected by its geography. For example, The Ganges River provided some irrigation, but was mostly known for its religious significance in the Hindu faith. The Indus River provided fertile land for the Indus Valley civilization and allowed agriculture to flourish, but also flooded, which was part of the civilization’s economical weakening. Another factor that which brought the fall of the civilization was the Hindu Kush Mountain Range; although it provided some protection, paths were discovered by invaders that permitted them to cross over and quell.

In the region of South Asia, Indus Valley civilization is acknowledged as the oldest civilization which is situated in the region of India's western drift and Indus River (Hirst, 2017). This civilization performed central government and delivered well developed cities and towns along with compositions and controlled food productions. This civilization is different from those of Mesopotamia and Egypt, and hence was not overwhelmed by intense figures of religion (Green, 2016). No sanctuaries were manufactured and no pictures of state divine beings or lords have been found. Deforestation, environmental change and a progression of intrusions all added to the decline of the Indus civilization. The Indus Valley Civilization is also acknowledged as Indus civilization which was situated in a zone of somewhere in the range of 1.6 million square kilometers in what is today eastern Pakistan and northeastern India between around 2500-1900 BC (Hirst, 2017).

One of the largest and most popular cultures in India is the Aryan Culture. The Aryan culture was based on parts of modern day Pakistan and the upper west parts of India. The Aryans were not originally from India. They were a very war like people and invaded through the Khyber Pass in the upper west region of India. They invaded between the years of 2000-1000 BCE and invaded in multiple successful waves. The success of the Aryan invasion was mostly attributed to their use of more advanced technologies. The advanced technologies included horse drawn chariots that had small and light spiked wheels attached to them as well as superior bronze weaponry. The people that were settles in the area being invaded had, at most, stonge age type weaponry, such as spears and possibly bows, and maybe an ox cart for travelling.

Before the Partition of India, in 1947, India was considered a country with a reasonably peaceful history. However, during and after the Partition, sexual violence, both towards men and women, escalated, resulting in the rape and abduction of over 80,000 women. Cracking India, by Bapsi Sidhwa, tells a story that highlights these violent acts by both Muslims and Hindus, through the eyes of a disabled young Parsi girl named Lenny, who witnesses first hand the violence of Partition when she mistakenly participates in the abduction of her ayah, Shanta. Throughout Cracking India, Lenny observes as the religions involved in Partition become increasingly violent towards both men and women, within their own religions and against others.

In the region of South Asia, Indus Valley civilization is acknowledged as the oldest civilization which is situated in the region of India's western drift and Indus River (Hirst, 2017). This civilization performed central government and delivered well developed cities and towns along with compositions and controlled food productions. This civilization is different from those of Mesopotamia and Egypt, and hence was not overwhelmed by intense figures of religion (Green, 2016). No sanctuaries were manufactured and no pictures of state divine beings or lords have been found. Deforestation, environmental change and a progression of intrusions all added to the decline of the Indus civilization. The Indus Valley Civilization is also acknowledged as Indus civilization which was situated in a zone of somewhere in the range of 1.6 million square kilometers in what is today eastern Pakistan and northeastern India between around 2500-1900 BC (Hirst, 2017).

1. The Partition of India is the separation of India that occurred in 1947. This all began as anticolonial elites in the Indian National Congress Party began to negotiate about a peaceful transfer of power from the British. WWII caused a crisis in relations between the British, the Muslim League, and Indian National Conference (Hindu-dominated). Ghandi was the leading figure of the INC. He advocated for a unified Hindu and Muslim Indian, but other officials however disagreed about what kind of independent state India should have. The Hindus were the majority, and the Muslims were the minority. There was much debate about which culture would define the new nation. Up until this point it was the Hindu culture that defined Indian culture. In 1946 riots broke out between the Hindus and Muslims, and the leader of the Muslim League demanded that British India be partitioned into separate Muslim and Hindu states. So in order to avoid a civil war, colonial rulers decided to divide the subcontinent in two parts: India and Pakistan. On August 14th, 1947 Pakistan gained Independence from Britain and one day later India did as well. Unfortunately after this newfound independence violence broke out. It is estimated that 1 million Hindus and Muslims killed one another. As a result of the violence, 12 million Hindus and Muslims left their homes to relocate in the new countries where they would be majority. On January 30, 1948, Gandhi was assassinated for his support of a

As previously stated, Britain’s economic interest in India had begun in the 1600’s when the British East India Company set up trading posts in several Indian cities such as Madras, Bombay, and Calcutta (Age of Imperialism 2012). At first, the Mughal dynasty which ruled India at the time, had kept European traders under control. But by 1707, the Mughal dynasty had begun to collapse and many small states began to break away from under the control of the Mughal dynasty. In 1757, Robert Clive led the East India Company troops to a swift and decisive victory over Indian defence forces along with the French at the Battle of Plassey. From then on, the British East India Company was the leading power in India (Age of Imperialism 2012).

India was attacked and overpowered by the traveling light-cleaned Indo-European tribes known as the Aryans from Central Asia around 1500 to1000 BC. They invaded a prior and more progressive dull cleaned Dravidian progress from which they took the superior part of what end up being Indian development. The entire time they never gave the native individuals whom they took their human improvement from the right credit but end up destroying all authorization of their accomplishment. The Aryans did not do anything that was truly theirs. Majority of the things they did was not something new. The only thing the Aryans truly included of their own was their dialect known as Sanskrit, of an Indo-European sort and their holy group of station that end up being the worst thing about later Indic culture. The purported Aryans, the first persons behind the Vedas, the most aged scriptures of Hinduism, were reinterpreted by this advanced hypothesis not as sages and soothsayers, the rishis and yogis of Hindu authentic convention as the primitive marauders. Regularly this cast a shadow on the Hindu religion and society overall( Frawley).

‘Aryan’ is a linguistic term for ‘Indo-European’ (Robert & Westad 2014a). The Aryans brought to India no culture so advanced as that of Harappans (Robert & Westad 2014a). When the Aryans appear writing disappeared and does not come back until the middle of the first millennium BCE. Cities were reinvented by the Aryans, which lack the elaboration and order of the gridded pattern of Harappans (Robert & Westad 2014a). When the Aryans migrated into the Indus Valley they brought with them a culture that was very different from any other region (Breyer 2004). The invaders had two contributions to Indian history; it’s formal history and its social institutions (Robert & Westad 2014a). One of the biggest social institutions that the Aryans brought to India was the unique social structure; in their system every class had a duty to their society (Breyer 2004). Originally there were only three main classes or Varnas, but this changed to fit the civilisation in which they controlled (Breyer 2004). As religion and rituals were a major part of Indian life, it was only fitting that the priests and scholars were the highest class (Beyer 2004). They were called the Brahmans (Breyer 2004). Under the Brahmans were the ruling class or the Kshatriyas; this also included nobles and warriors (Breyer 2004). The third class was made up of the commoners they were called the Vaisyas. It was the fourth class that the servants and peasants made up, called Sudras. It was later on where another

Today, the legacy of 1947 increasingly poses a threat than any other time before on the subcontinent. Part has really ended up being a trauma from which the mainland has never completely recouped. Yet unfortunately, this is not reflected in its history composing, a reality that is regretted by a lot of people. Alok Bhalla, for instance, in his presentation to an accumulation of Partition stories in English interpretation states that regarding the matter of Partition, there is not only an absence of incredible expositive expression, there is, all the more genuinely, an absence of extraordinary history Indeed, if this is accurate to any degree, this is maybe on the grounds that Indian historiography has centered more on Independence than on Partition, more on the bringing together constrain of patriotism than the divisive compels that lease the nation in 1947. For quite a while, Indian history composing emulated the customary patriot talk in which the part of the incredible Congress pioneers and the vitality of national joining were dependably given pride of spot. This specific talk has been termed the 'Nehruvian story' of Indian history, and one can't overemphasize the significance of Nehru's own books in designing this talk. Such works of Nehru's as An Autobiography and The Discovery of India show how he saw Indian history and how he reinterpreted it to an advanced mainstream patriot talk for the rising independent state of India.

Namaste . As as we all presume India a captivating region and a place that everyone-once in their life should visit. If that’s not true then you probably know enough about India and why one may or may not want to travel to such an inevitable country! A country filled with diversity of food and religions. Moreover learning the variations of people living throughout india! I personally have been travelling to India since i was 5 years old, fortunately as my parents specialize in travel to India.

The first motorcar on the streets of India was seen in 1898. In 1903, an American company began a public taxi service with a fleet of 50 cars in Mumbai. For about 50 years after the first car arrived in India, cars were directly imported until foreign manufacturers began to realize the vast potential India had with its vast distances and large population. Before world war-1, around 4,000 motor vehicles were imported. During the wars, a start for an automobile industry was made by establishing assembly plants in Mumbai, Calcutta, and Chennai. The import / assembly of motor vehicles grew manifold post 1920s, crossing 30,000 units by 1930. It was towards the end of