An Integrative Literature Review : The American Diabetes Association

According to the report from the center for disease and prevention (CDC) in 2011, nearly 26million Americans are suffering from Diabetes.3 Furthermore, CDC reported in 2014 that there are chances of 40% American adults developing diabetes in their lifetime and half of the ethnic minorities will be affected. It is worthwhile to note that obesity was reported as the reason for the tremendous increase.4

Hi Gregory, great information on glucose level before and after surgery. Moreover, I work in the pre and post surgery unit, blood chemistry are checked on each surgical patient. Blood glucose over 200 are treated, became this increase the chances of non- healing wound or infection, and moreover can cause other complications. Education in these patients before and after surgery are important, "the better control of your diabetes, the better your chances of an excellent surgical outcome. Keeping your blood glucose within the parameters your doctor recommends is key. Top-notch nutrition, including high-quality protein, is also essential. Protein is an important component in the healing process and can help contribute to faster wound healing, stronger

Why are nerves often damaged in patients with diabetes mellitus, and what are some of the

This question warrants investigation as T2DM is a gateway disease. Overtime, the disease progresses to affect other bodily functions, harming both an individual’s physical and psychological well-being. For example, T2DM is responsible for higher risks of neuropathy, low bone density, hypertension, heart disease, lower limb amputations and vision and hearing loss, as well as psychological disorders such as depression and dementia. According to 2015 statistics from the American Diabetes Association, T2DM is the 7th leading cause of death in the United States, contributing to 332,341 US deaths. However, treatments that address the causes of T2DM are more prudent than current treatments which focus on mitigating the complications that arise

The article that I use as peer reviewed journal is “ Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes”. Type 2 diabetes is considered as the most common disease that affect many people. This is a condition that is associated with a high buildup of sugar in the blood stream. The symptoms are constant hunger, fatigue, lack of energy and frequent urination. At milder levels, the symptoms become severe and lead to the death of an individual. Importantly, it also increases the rate of the cardiovascular disease once an individual has been reported to have such symptoms. The cardiovascular diseases lead to a greater rate of complications in patients with type two diabetes and result in loss of life and also in the United States, it has been rated as one of the leading causes of death. Due to this reason, researchers have focused more on the development of appropriate drugs to improve the treatment of the condition. The article on “semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes” provides beneficial knowledge to the health-care field.

The heart, nerves, blood vessels, kidneys, eyes and other organs can be negatively impacted by uncontrolled diabetes. The goal is to keep the blood sugar normal most of the time to avoid these complications.

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 8.3% of Americans, or more than 25 million people, are living with diabetes. (Gosse, 2014) My mother, my grandmother and I are part of that statistic. Diabetes is predominately found in middle-aged and older people. This can be people that are overweight and inactive.

American Diabetes Association has a long history of research support and engagement. The first direct ADA research were awarded in 1952, and in the late 1970s, the ADA research funding was centralized into a program model after that of the National Institute of Health (NIH), with operational and scientific oversight housed in the national office. Founded in October 1994, the ADA Foundation was created to substantially accelerate the Association 's ability to raise major gifts to directly fund diabetes research. Now the ADA is a volunteer-driven organization, with about 90 local offices above the United States. The goal of the ADA is to prevent and cure diabetes and to improve the lives of all people affected by diabetes. The burdens of diabetes are enormous and escalating at an alarming rate. About 26 million Americans have the disease, and over 10% of the total adult population and over 25% of the population aged 65 years and older. If present trends continue, as many as one in three Americans adult will be diagnosed with diabetes by 2050; in majority of cases will include older adults and racial ethnic minorities.

When speaking with healthcare provider Denead Buoy, RN, MSN, she explained that diabetes mellitus is a condition in which one has elevated blood glucose levels due to an inadequate insulin production or because the body responds inappropriately to the absorption of insulin into cells. In some patients, both of these options could be the problem. On average there are about 15 patients in her in-patient unit; out of the 15 patients that she gets, usually 8 to 10 either has had a history of diabetes or has diabetes mellitus as their primary problem (D. Buoy, personal communication, October 17, 2014). Buoy stated that even if the disease is not the primary reason they were admitted into the hospital, diabetes is usually related to their primary condition.

Saturday, November 13, 2015 The American Diabetes Association will be sponsoring the Bridge to Wellness Expo at the David L. Lawrence convention center. This event is free to the public and will provide them with a number of different events to help promote a healthy lifestyle. I believe that this event will be target towards a large range of different people such as uninsured, underinsured, or people who just want to live a longer healthier life. I think that many people will come out to this event because there is a lot that is going to be offered. Personally, if I was not participating in this event I would consider going to it just to see the different stations that will be set up there. I think that it is important to stress the importance of prevention because once something happens the damage is already done. I believe in living a healthy lifestyle and getting a handle on my health early. The expo will be offering a wide variety of different focus areas including but not limited to: active lifestyle, diabetes, cancer prevention, stress management, tobacco cessation, and heart health.

Diabetics have an insulin problem Diabetes is a result of insulin not performing its job correctly. Since insulin does more than remove glucose from the bloodstream, including producing proteins, storing fats, and other metabolic processes, diabetes can have severe consequences. If it is not treated properly diabetes can lead to heart disease, stroke, eye problems (including blindness), kidney failure, problems with teeth and gums, male sexual problems, nerve problems, and circulation problems. The circulation problems could result in foot or leg amputation (Reddy 2).

29.1 million people or 9.3 percent of the population in the united states have diabetes. 21 million of those have been diagnosed. 8.1 million or 27.8 percent of people with diabetes are undiagnosed. This proves that anyone can have diabetes, which should encourage the public to be tested just in case. Diabetes has not only affected my family, but has affected thousands of others globally; however, a silver lining does exist in the near future for a cure.

Diabetes can affect the entire body. Two-thirds of adults with diabetes have high blood pressure, or hypertension. This condition is serious because it leads to an increased risk of stroke, heart disease, kidney and eye problems.

Most patients who have diabetes for an extended amount of time may end up with diabetic neuropathy, which is damage caused to the nerves; it affects the peripheral nerves, autonomic nerves, and focal nerves. From the high blood sugar, it can destroy parts of the patient’s blood vessels, heart, and kidneys. If diabetes is not treated, it will almost always cause heart disease or kidney disease.

Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing primarily vascular complications that contribute to morbidity and mortality of diabetic patients. Poor glycaemic control leads to vascular complications that affect large (macrovascular), small (microvascular) vessels or both. Macrovascular complications include coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and stroke. Microvascular complications contribute to diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage), nephropathy (kidney disease) and retinopathy (eye disease).