The value of literature as a source of knowledge is a timeless debate that varies depending on how knowledge is defined. I will adopt Hillary Putnam’s theory of “Knowledge of a Possibility” (Putnam 488) in “Literature Science, and Reflection” (1976), and focus on the value of literature as a source of conceptual knowledge. The emergence of the novel brought with it conventions for a more realistic writing style that aimed to appeal to the common readers. Variations of the degree of realism ranged from writing that tried to present a fully authentic experience of life, known as Formal Realism, and writing that offers some authentic aspects of life but also conserves characteristics of classic genres of epics and romances. These …show more content…
The criterion for knowledge is rather complex and Putnam addresses literary knowledge in “both the empirical and conceptual elements” (Putnam 488). On the one hand, there are the conceptual elements of knowledge, those that can be considered “knowledge of possibility” (Putnam 488) that allow us to think of new possibilities through “conceptual discovery” (Putnam 488). Conceptual knowledge allows readers to get a sense of what something is like or provide insight to another person’s beliefs. There are not necessarily claims to truth in this form of knowledge, but in some instances the hypotheses we obtain from literature may be tested confirmed through personal experience, and consequently may be confirmed or falsified. On the other hand there is empirical knowledge, which is gained through observations, scientific experimentation, and evidence. In this context, Putnam rejects the ability of literature to provide readers with empirical knowledge. In his example about The Golden Notebook by Doris Lessing, Putnam suggests that the book provides knowledge of “what it was like to be a communist in the 1940s” (Putnam 489) but offers a disclaimer “you may say to yourself this is what it must have been like; but...you have no right to say “I know what this is what it was like”” (Putnam 489). Despite this distinction, Putnam still asserts the value of knowledge in literature “Dorris
An intriguing point in this chapter is that Frye proposes that literature is neither real nor unreal. Literature has been around seemingly forever, however, distinguishing between the “real” literature and the “unreal” would serve as the key concept to this chapter. Literature is real because since it is directly derived from human experience. This makes
The value of literature delineates an opportunity for humanity to achieve collective growth. The intellectual capability of both individuals and communities are affected by the importance assigned to literary works. Lack of such regard results in a limited capacity for sociological cohesion consequently shaping the discourse of an era. Austen inadvertently expresses the minimal regard for written material in her society through Pride and Prejudice. The exclamation “there is no enjoyment like reading!” highlights the passion felt for such an activity. However, this desire can be attributed to discourse. Austen exhibits this through the cultural expectation that a woman “must have thorough knowledge”, furthered by the dialogue of gaining cognizance
Novels have become one of the most prominent literature outlets, owing to the appreciation they have garnered and inspired from multiple authors. With its prominence, a trend has arisen where authors tend to follow a standard line of thinking, be it regarding themes or writing styles. An example of a commonly adopted literature concept amongst most authors is the concept of magical realism, which is expressible through the use of magic in novel settings. Through analyzing Jeanette Winterson’s The Passion, the paper will determine why authors use magic realism in their literature pieces while connecting this concept to their themes.
From start to finish, English this year had been unlike any other I had. From start to finish, each and every book had a deeper meaning than I, before, could possibly resolve from the text. The exposure I had to this deeper level of thinking forever changed the way I see literature. Less about “what” than “why”, Literature distinguishes a meaningful story from another. While what makes a book “good” is different for everyone, what makes a story meaningful is what it teaches. Each book I read this year had a story and logic behind it. Every story was real enough to have actually happened because the plot points are supported with real speculation backed up by the nature of humanity. I, personally, have never gone as deep into literature as I have this year, giving me a new appreciation for the genius behind the speculation these books present.
The Indian Schools claimed their purpose is to “civilize” Native Americans in a way that resembled white culture. However, these schools, in effect, acted as total institutions that didn’t promote individualism. Instead, they forced Native American students to oblige to various rules that stripped away their identity and labeled them as working class people. The after product of this process didn’t help students smoothly transition to “American” way of life; instead, they were left in a society that neither helped them to flourish in the dominant culture at the time nor to practice their own culture. Generally, I see this project as a big failure to the current values of the American culture and I hope these and other minority groups will be
In other words, reading literature goes beyond just the words of the author. As readers, we become more aware of what the narrator and of what the characters might be feeling. There are feelings that form our underlying base of who we are and a lot of the times we avoid them because they’re a constant reminder of what’s real versus what we want to think is real. From time to time literature may make the readers thing of something personal that gives us a sense of reality. Through John Updike’s Rabbit Run, Vladimir Nabokov’s Pale Fire, Margaret Atwood’s Happy Endings, James Joyce’s Araby, Patrick White’s The Vivesector, and Jorge Luis Borges’ Pierre Menard, Author of the ‘Quixote’ readers come to find a sense of reality within the characters portrayed through these works.
Richard, Allen. Approaching literature- The Realist Novel. Routledge, London. Great Britain: The Open University, 1995.
Twelve Angry Men is set during a scorching summer day in New York City, where twelve men (Martin Balsam, John Fiedler, Lee J. Cobb, E.G. Marshall, Jack Klugman, Edward Binns, Jack Warden, Henry Fonda, Joseph Sweeney, Ed Begley, George Voskovec, and Robert Webber) sit on the jury and deliberate the outcome of a murder trial. The defendant is an eighteen-year-old boy who is accused of murdering his abusive father and tried for first-degree murder. Eager to escape the heat and to attend to other matters, eleven of the twelve men cast their vote as guilty, but juror eight does not. Many believe that the boy is capable of murder because the “slums are a breeding ground for criminals.” However, juror eight begins to take apart the prosecution’s case,
Literature is susceptible to misconception. At times, the presentation of content, enticing details, and storyline take away from the morals and ideas being presented in a piece of text. Most times, as a result of focusing on the distracting elements of a novel, audiences fail to recognize the deeper meaning or purpose of why the author choses to include certain sections of a novel. A book’s intention is to accurately express an author’s thoughts, but, many times, the delivery of unfamiliar content results in fear and a lack of understanding from the reader.
Literature is often said to be used as a means of reflecting the times, society and climate the author is in and experiencing. Values, norms the ethos of a particular culture place or time is often interpreted through its literature. (Albrecht, 1954)
The Educated Imagination discusses major ideas that answer the question “what good is the study of literature?”. Frye does so by discussing concepts such as the desire of humans to connect to nature, the conformity to conventions and deviation from reality in literature, and the ideal manner in which literature should be taught. Northrop Frye’s The Educated Imagination proposes the idea that through the consumption of literature, the individual is able to develop an imagination which allows him to connect to society from an educated perspective.
The historical fiction genre is more popular than ever, with masses of television programmes, motion pictures and novels being written around the subject. This influx has brought a new reception to the many time periods of history that had otherwise been forgotten and abandoned, and also to many that are heavily documented but rarely looked upon. However, with the need for a fascinating story to sell to the audiences some of the historical fact is being obscured in the process, thus causing a lack of respect between authors and historians. In this essay, I will be exploring the relationship to literature from both historians and authors, also examining their own beliefs on what defines a historical novel and whether or not these authors
Barthes argues that relying on authors’ identities to uncover meaning is a limiting explanation for a text. He suggests abandoning romanticizing writers’ personalities to disrupt the idea that authors confide in readers by using characters as vehicles for personal meaning (Barthes 84). Instead, words are separate from the intentions of the author and act as agents of information in themselves as the action of writing knows a subject, not a person. Barthes claims a disaffiliation between author and reader should be enforced to free the text of an author’s interpretations so the reader can make personal connections.
Whilst the ontology of fictitious things has been discussed since the beginnings of Philosophy, Radford first suggested the ‘Paradox of Fiction’ in his article ‘How Can We be Moved by the Fate of Anna Karenina?’ (“Paradox of Fiction”). The conclusion of the paradox leads to a contradiction of beliefs, drawn from premises which appear to be both true and not true at the same time. The basic paradox is presented below, although various additions have been made since its first introduction.
Literature has remained as a distinctive aspect of society for thousands of years. A society’s literature exists as a window in which one can peer into and discover more about its culture. Although a very diverse concept, literature is generally defined as written or printed material, either in the form of novels, poems, or journals. However, a more restrictive approach considers literature as “a higher art form” (Lombardi), or one that manipulates language to convey an experience. Ethan Frome serves as a notable example of literature at its best. The novella complements aspects of literature, such as strong characters and meaningful themes, with takeaway value and unpredictability.