Analysis Of Alzheimer's Disease: The Neurodegenerative Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the most widespread age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Both diseases impact a considerable number of people, where AD occurs in around 10 percent of the population greater than the age of 65 while PD occurs in roughly 1 percent of the population above the age of 65. AD is considered to be the most widespread cause of dementia, characterised by the progressive memory and cognitive deficits which impair ones day to day activities. The pathological hallmark of AD comprises of extracellular accumulation of senile plaques consisting of mainly amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, along with neurofibrillary tangles which are composed of the phosphorylated tau protein, located in the hippocampus and cortex. Conversely, PD is considered to be the most widespread movement disorder that is characterised by symptoms such as rigidity slow movements, resting tremor and other instabilities. The extreme loss of dopaminergic neurones in the substantia nigra is what defines PD, as the loss of this nerve cell can be linked to Lewy bodies containing aggregates of a soluble protein called α-synuclein.

Alzheimer disorder is an major nervous condition that present in irreparable loss of neuron in the cortex and hippocampus of the brain. The recurrence of the disease is 7% of people above 65 years old and 40% of individual above 80 years old. Patients commonly have issues in decision making, remembrance, and judgment. Pathological lineaments are specified as loss of neuron, extracellular senile plaques include peptide β-amyloid. Diagnosis is established on neurological feedback to rule out other reasons by using autopsy. Dopamine as neurotransmitter has an important part in etiology of Alzheimer disease and it is reduced in this disease.[3]

Alzheimer’s is a progressive and degenerative disease that destroys memory and other cognitive functions. The effect and manifestations of the disease is awful and sad. There is no cure, but treatment to relieve and manage symptoms. Additionally, I will always remember this resident and the experience I had in helping to care of him.

Although, causes are still unknown about how the disease started, researchers are aware that the damage in the brain begins 10 to 20 years before changes are noticeable. Two main features in the brain which were introduced earlier in this paper are the amyloid plaques, they are found in gaps between nerve cells of the

Many have lost loved ones to Alzheimer's including Alan Holbrook. Alan Holbrook is losing the women he has been married to for 29 years, the mother of his children to Alzheimer's. She doesn't even know him when he comes to visit her. She has forgot his name and what he looks like. His 25 year old daughter has been his rock, she has been the one that he is leaning on during this.One of the problems with dementia, like Alzheimer's, is that you simple don't have any kind of frame of reference for what's going to happen next. Financing and paying for care for somebody with Alzheimer's disease who's going to be in a skilled nursing center is a huge issue. Alan had suddenly came to realize that with the cost of her care with the nursing home,

Alzheimer 's disease is a non curable progressive condition caused by the degeneration of neurons, the main cellular component of the central nervous system. This degeneration is believed to be caused by a build up and entanglement of the functional proteins within and around the neuron. However, the exact cause of neuron

Alzheimer’s is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder that gradually memory and thinking skills, and in the end the capacity to complete the easiest tasks. It is depicted by the German neuropathologist Alois Alzheimer in 1905 which the sickness was named after him. In 1906, Dr. Alzheimer noticed changes in the brain tissue of a woman who had died of an unusual mental illness. Her symptoms included memory loss, dialect issues and capricious conduct. After she died, Dr. Alzheimer chose to analyze her cerebrum and discovered numerous unusual clusters which is currently known as amyloid plaque and tangles of strands otherwise called neurofibrillary or tangles. This ailment intensifies with propelling age, despite the fact that there is no

Alzheimer’s is the most common form of Dementia. There is said to be 50% to 80% of Dementia cases. Alzheimer’s Disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Neurodegenerative is “degenerative nerve diseases affect many of your body's activities, such as balance, movement, talking, breathing, and heart function. Many of these diseases are genetic. Sometimes the cause is a medical condition such as alcoholism, a tumor, or a stroke. Other causes may include toxins, chemicals, and viruses. Sometimes the cause is not known.” (Medline Plus, n.d.) Neurodegenerative disease is the abnormalities or death of neurons. “In the early-stage of AD, cognition and the ability to acquire new memories are impaired. In the later stages, symptoms include

It is estimated that between 4.5 and 5.4 million Americans are affected by Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) (Vanmeter. P. 376). AD is a progressive disease that causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior. Changes with Alzheimer’s Disease are degenerative and results in gross atrophy of the cerebral cortex. The disease destroys brain cells which causes two types of abnormalities; neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques (orange book p. 212). Neurofibrillary tangles cause death of neurons, which contributes to the development of dementia. Amyloid plaque disrupts transmission of nerve impulses. It is not clear if the plaque causes AD or a by-product of the AD process causes it. (212 orange).

Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease are two common illnesses with the older people. Both affects the elderly in different ways but share many common traits such as similarity with its signs and symptoms. It targets the elderly and affects a major percentage of aging adults. According to Whiteman (2013), “Scientists have discovered biological mechanisms that may link Parkinson's disease to Alzheimer's disease.” These two diseases affect the brain and cause degeneration and target the nerve cells in the brain.

Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disease. It is the most common form of dementia which is a general term for memory loss and other intellectual abilities serious enough to interfere with daily life (Alzheimer’s Disease & Dementia). Dementia and Alzheimer’s have been around for centuries, but Alzheimer’s disease wasn’t first described until 1906 by Dr. Aloysius Alzheimer. In the past, there was a stigma for elderly people with the disease. People with dementia and Alzheimer’s were seen as a burden on society. Society has only recently accepted and cared for people with the disorder because more information is known about the disease. There wasn’t much treatment in the past accept for locking those away in institutions or just being kept hidden by family members (Batsch). There are now treatments and research being done for dementia and Alzheimer’s, but no cure remains and many individuals still suffer from the disease. Future treatments for the disease include taking aim at significant aspects of the disease like fighting beta-amyloid plaques, recruiting the immune system, reducing brain cell inflammation, and studying the heart-head connection (Alzheimer’s Treatments: What’s on the Horizon?). There are other ways to possibly treat the disease in the future as well. Hopefully from looking at the history of the disease, how the disease affects the brain and body, and future treatments, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia will be a thing of the past.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder, which is the most common form of dementia, one of the major causes of disability in future life. Age is the main risk factor for AD, which usually affects people aged sixty five years and above. However, only age alone does not cause the disease. Several ways have been associated with AD pathophysiology, the most termed is the neurodegenerative one, which lead to the brain growth of beta-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles, combinations of hyper phosphorylated tau protein, macroscopically resulting in brain atrophy due to neuronal death. These pathological marks of AD have been lately combined in the new recommendations on diagnostic strategies for AD, which describe different

Nowadays, one of the most prevalent diseases is considered to be the neurodegenerative disorders because of increased life expectancy and population’s growth. With the term neurodegeneration is characterized the process of the nervous system, in which there is a progressive loss of structure and functions of neuronal cells. Neurodegenerative disorders are, also, defined as hereditary, incurable and debilitating conditions. The most common neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer and Parkinson. Both of these diseases are late-onset and many individuals believe that there is a relationship between them. The present essay emphasizes on the description of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease as well as the comparison and the contrast of the biological

Parkinson’s disease is affected by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons which is responsible to produce dopamine. Dopaminergic neurons have their cell bodies in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) in basal ganglia (O’Sullivan and Schmitz, 2007). Basal ganglia are a collection of interconnected gray matter nuclear masses deep within the brain”. These gray matter masses are caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus and the substantia nigra. Basal ganglia receive its input through striatum (O’Sullivan and Schmitz, 2007).

Studies of neurodegenerative disease in understanding the biology of neurons in vivo by studying C.elegans have the greatest strength. Phenotypic abnormalities in nematodes are shown when a mutation, that causes the disease, takes place. This helps assist studies of human diseases in this organism. (Wolozin et al., 2011) The physiology and pathophysiology of dopaminergic neurons can be monitored in vivo; by selective expression of green fluorescent protein driven by the dopamine transporter promoter. C.elegans genomes have about 42% of the human disease genes, including Parkinson’s disease. Studies on the nematode models helped highlight discoveries that may be useful on the molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis. (Markaki and Tavernarakis,