Analysis Of Article Engaging With Criminal Prosecution

Alexander believed that rates and patterns of drug crime do not explain the fact that although the majority of illegal drug users and dealers nationwide are white, but prisons are only filled with blacks and Latinos. Now the statement she made is very much so true when it relates to the criminal justice system. Now I am not saying that blacks are not drug dealers but they are not along Whites sell three times as much as a black individual. Just recently down from my home, a white man who had been selling drugs for years was finally caught by the feds. However, if was living in white community with his black wife and mix kids he probably would have never got caught. This is because the police do not ride in the white area trying to catch someone

I feel that this case was somewhat representative of what was discussed in the textbook. The forensics aspects of this case were generally different from the impression of forensics I received from reading the textbook. Despite this fact, I feel that the investigative techniques of this case were similar to what was discussed in the textbook, as well as what has been discussed during lecture.

Children are forced to forfeit their homes, their safety, their public and self-image, and their primary source of comfort and affection (Bernstein 2005). A national survey found that almost 70% of children when present when their parent was arrested (Bernstein 2005). Researcher Christina Jose Kamfner interviewed children who had witnessed their mother’s arrest and found that many suffered from post-traumatic stress symptoms; they could not concentrate or sleep and had flashbacks of the arrest (Bernstein 2005). The majority of the children at the scene of an arrest are taken away in a police car which is more intimidating than to say if they were taken away in a child welfare worker’s car (Bernstein 2005). Many of these children (is no other family is available) are shuffled around in the course of an arrest; the hospital for physical examinations first, then the police station for appropriate , “paperwork,” then to a juvenile detention center and lastly, they are deposited at a foster home (Bernstein 2005). Anyone can vouch that the process of what to do after the arrest is clearly a traumatizing one at that. After the arrest, children wait anxiously for the level of the sentence that their parent has to face. In most cases, children are unaware of why their parent is being sentenced because they were unaware that their parent was involved in the crime. Carl, for example, only remembered

They may have threatened or pressured or scared at what the abuser/his family may do if they proceed.

In chapters six through ten of The Collapse of American Criminal Justice, Stuntz talks about the changes that were being made in the criminal justice system, and the changes that can help fix the system. He goes in details when it comes changes in the system, from the courts putting limits on what the criminal procedure, for example, the “exclusionary rule”. Also the mention of the rise and fall of crime across the United States. Lastly, mentioning the famous landmark cases that helped sparked these changes.

“... contrary to popular misconceptions, ... the defense's use of or the court's awareness about expert testimony on battering and its effects does not equate to acquittal for a battered woman defendant.” (The Validity and Use of Evidence Concerning Battering 37)

Spohn, Beichner, and Davis-Frenzel do not conduct a field study as Frohmann does, instead they examined all sexual assault cases cleared by arrest in Miami Florida in 1997. They did however replicate Frohmann’s design of interviewing a sample of the prosecutors who handled the cases. By using this different method of research, Spohn, Beichner, and Davis-Frenzel’s are able to show the frequency in which prosecutors used discrepant accounts and ulterior motives to reject cases. This extends upon Frohmann’s research. Their findings that, “charging decisions primarily reflect the prosecutor’s assessment of the likelihood of conviction” (Spohn, et al. 2001, p. 206) is consistent with Frohmann 's Findings. They also agreed with Frohmann’s categories of typifications, however they found that a substantial amount of cases were rejected for reasons other than discrediting the victim such as, the victim’s failure to appear for a pretrial interview, refusal to cooperate in the prosecution of the case, or admission that the charges were fabricated (Spohn, et al. 2001).

Not all victims can stand up to their abusers. Past experiences or fear of escalating violence are powerful

Child abuse is more than bruises and broken bones. While physical abuse might be the most visible, other types of abuse, such as emotional abuse and neglect, also leave deep, lasting scars. (Help guide.org). The earlier abused children get help, the greater chance they have to heal and break the cycle—rather than perpetuating it. There is a myth that only bad people abuse their children. (Help guide.org) But the fact is while it 's easy to say that only "bad people" abuse their children, it 's not always so black and white. Not all abusers are intentionally harming their children. Many have been victims of abuse themselves, and don’t know any other way to parent. Others may be struggling with mental health issues or a substance abuse

Cleveland, Ohio, Harold Franks, a businessman, was robbed and killed as he left his store…His attackers threw battery acid in his face, beat him with a stick, and ended his life with two gunshots to the chest. Police claimed they had an eyewitness. A twelve-year-old boy named Eddie Vernon. He pointed the finger at three neighborhood black-men. Eighteen-year-old, Ricky Jackson and his two friends, brothers Wiley and Ronnie Bridgeman. Even though Eddie was actually a few blocks away on a school bus at the time of the murder, the three men still were arrested. Based on Eddie’s false testimony, the men were convicted, and sentenced to die. However, because the Ohio state law was changed within a few days, it was changed to life imprisonment. After they

Many children are forced to live with domestic violence because one of their parents refuses to leave the relationship. In cases of women being victims of domestic violence and failing to leave the male offender, the women are also identified as offenders and are charged with failing to protect their children from avoidable harm, regardless of the limited choices they have (Friend et al., 2008). Although domestic violence occurred in 35% of the 1,248 substantiated incidents of child maltreatment, only 31 couples were investigated for exposing a child to domestic violence or not protecting their children from the violence (Coohey, 2007). In Minnesota the parent is said to endanger the child’s mental or physical health when the child is exposed to domestic violence. When police are contacted about a domestic violence incident the investigators need to consider all types of failure to protect the child, as well as the likelihood of a domestic violence incident occurring again (Coohey, 2007). In order to determine if the children will be exposed to domestic violence in the future, the investigator needs to consider many variables. Such variables include a history of domestic violence and other types of child maltreatment, a willingness by the perpetrator to change his or her behavior, and if the perpetrator has the ability to change. Domestic

There was a variety of factors that influence the victim in the decision making with children. In general, the victim was hugely conflicted in the decision making with the children. The children are determining force if the mother stay or left from an abuse relationship. The mother considers monetary issue, housing and other necessities in the process of doing something it is extremely difficult to just leave Mothers just wanted to protect their child from the emotional strain from violence and/or moving. The protection expanses to stress from any legal aspect of IVP, helping with translation or court battles on the child. The want to keep the family together is stability because there is emotional support for both mother and child. The risk of getting Child Protective Service involve after calling the police could lead to removal of the child or potential getting help. Especially since the women are from different geographic region laws are different from one another in CPS cases. All the different factors are shared concern of the mother from different locations involving IVP with children.

Between the ages of five and twelve I witnessed my mothers mental and physical abuse, in a sense becoming a victim myself psychologically. The police would be called and they would sometimes keep him for a day sometimes for a couple of hours. Family shelters were always full and my mother didn’t have any support from family. In a sense she was trapped with no were to go and no community support. At the age of twelve when my mothers abuser pushed her out of a second floor window the law really open there eyes to my mothers case and realize there was a real issue. My mother was among the lucky ones she survived .I ask the question many people asked my mother why don’t you just leave, some answers are just not that

Abusers usually pass on their terrible habits and cope with their abuse in bad ways. In an article i read by smith she has a website to help children and even provides us with phone numbers we can call to help out the children in need. It is true that abused children are more likely to repeat the cycle as adults, unconsciously repeating what they experienced as children.(smith). Children that were abused growing up are usually more likely to cause the same abuse to their children. They find any way to forget about how they were abused and how no one helped them, they might think that no one will help these parents and that they can get away with it. Even though It’s a horrible way with coping and dealing with what happened to themselves.

Child sexual abuse has been reported up to 80,000 times a year, but the number of unreported instances is far greater, because the children are afraid to tell anyone what has happened (American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry). Childhood sexual abuse is a traumatic experience affecting the lives of not only the victim, but those close to the victim as well. Many think there is only one person truly traumatized, but in fact, everyone involved is affected. The victim has to deal with their experience the rest of their lives. They may be more at risk for other mental issues as well, including depression. The family involved has to deal with its pain, often causing hardship and discord within the family. This is especially true