Aaron Beck's Theory Of Depression

The psychodynamic theory was the dominant school of thought within psychiatry and much of clinical psychology during the first part of the 20th century. There are multiple explanations that fall under the psychodynamic categories that explain why a person develops depressive symptoms. Psychoanalysts historically believed that depression was caused by anger converted into self-hatred or anger that turns inward. Historically, psychodynamic theories were extensively criticized for their lack of empiricism. According to interpersonal theory, a depressed person's negative interpersonal behaviors cause other people to reject them. In an escalating cycle, depressed people, who desperately want reassurance from others, start

Depression is a common and serious mood disorder. It’s more than just feeling down or sad in response to life’s struggles and setbacks, depression causes people to lose pleasure from daily life, can increase the risk of many health problems, and can even be serious enough to lead to suicide. The disease must be given more attention and treated as a global public health priority. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 7.6 percent of people over the age of 12 have depression in any 2-week period. Depression is also the second most common cause of disability worldwide after back pain,according to a review of research.

Major depression is a commonly diagnosed psychological disorder affecting individuals’ ability to feel happiness and peace of mind. Those who suffer experience negative emotions, lack of motivation, changes in behaviour and dysfunctional cognitive symptoms. Depression is classified by the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5) as five of more of the listed symptoms present persistently over the same two weeks. One of these symptoms must be depressed mood or loss of interest in previously pleasurable activities. Depression causes disruption to typical daily life such as inability to maintain friendships and jobs. Other symptoms outlined by the DSM-5 include; insomnia, fatigue and recurrent thoughts of death. There is much debate over what exactly causes depression. Biological explanations question hereditary and neurotransmitter factors. While psychological theories include the cognitive ideas of Beck’s negative triad and hopelessness theory. This essay will focus on the ways in which psychological and biological explanations contrast and how their theories can overlap to better understand depression.

Sleep loss can take a devastating toll on the mind and body at any stage of life from early childhood to older adulthood. But, for teenagers, who are at a critical stage of development, skipping out on sleep can be particularly dangerous. One standout finding is that a lack of sleep affects the body the same way that drinking alcohol does. And like alcohol an insufficient amount of sleep can lead to impairments of mood, affect regulation, attention, memory, behavior control, executive function, and quality of life. In a study of nearly 28,000 suburban high school students, published earlier this year in the Journal of Youth and Adolescence, found that each hour of lost sleep is associated with a 38 percent risk of feeling sad or hopeless and a 58 percent increase in suicide attempts. As well teens who sleep an average of six hours per night are also three times more likely to suffer from depression, a 2010 study found. Thus, the correlation between sleep deprivation and depression go hand in hand among teenagers. Also, losing sleep can also have a long-term negative effect on a teens physical health with poor sleep quality being linked to diabetes and obesity risk for teens. Sleep correlates with the well-being of teens, but it also closely relates with academic

According to the “National Sleep Foundation”, it is said,”The relationship between sleep and depressive illness is complex – depression may cause sleep problems and sleep problems may cause or contribute to depressive disorders. For some people, symptoms of depression occur before the onset of sleep problems. For others, sleep problems appear first. Sleep problems and depression may also share risk factors and biological features and the two conditions may respond to some of the same treatment strategies. Sleep problems are also associated with more severe depressive illness,”. This means that while we might not make this mental connection, not getting a propers night of sleep could have a grave effect on your mental health. But, lets say we pushed school back an hour or so, that means an additional hour of sleep and a chance for teenager’s temperaments to increase and level

The Beck Depression Inventory- Second Edition (BDI-II) is a 21-item mental health instrument for assessing the occurrence and severity of depression in adults and adolescents, 13 years and older (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996, pg. 1). According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition the diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) includes: depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, weight loss, insomnia or hypersomnia, fatigue or loss of energy, and feelings of worthlessness or guilt. The BDI-II accurately portrays questions addressing these diagnostic features within the instrument. The face validity shows the test is transparent and purports to measure what it claims. For example, question

Federal Law states that all researchers must complete training on protection of research subjects in order to conduct testing on human participants. Each investigator completed the Protecting of Human Research Participant training provided through NIH Office of Extramural Research.

Although this disease in not fully understood, we know several key factors that contribute to this

In my Journal Article they are seeing if depression is linked to Chronic Heart Failure and whether or not the Beck Depression Inventory Test Is a reliable test to administer. Results have been said that the Beck Depression Inventory Test is a reliable instrument to assess depression in not only an individual but also in a patient with Chronic Heart Failure. Depression is something that can be a great risk factor when dealing with patients that have Chronic Heart Failure. Types of symptoms that have been said to be assimilated with depression and Chronic Heart Failure are: insomnia, anorexia, sexual impairment, and fatigue. It has been said that ranges can be between thirty one and-fifty one percent in these types of patients. A person with

Aaron Beck studied depression and focused on what triggers depression. “Beck developed specific cognitive procedures to help depressive clients evaluate their assumptions and beliefs and to create a new cognitive perspective that can lead to optimism and change behavior (Corey, 2012).” The first component of the triad includes clients holding negative views of themselves, they also blame their setbacks on personal inadequacies without considering circumstantial explanations. The people are convinced that they lack the qualities in order to be happy. Examples of this would be “I am a boring person”, “I am uninteresting”, “I am too sad for anyone to like me.” The second component is the tendency to interpret their personal world in a negative manner. They tend to focus on certain facts conform to their negative conclusions. An example for this would be “No one appreciates my job.” The last component

The study will make use of Aaron Beck’s Cognitive Theory of Depression. This theory was utilized as a framework in order to determine the effect of Mindfulness training to the quality of life of Filipino soldiers with MDD.

Depression is said to involve much more than just being sad, it is a conquering disease that takes away the ability to feel emotion, good or bad. This is a disease that can be passed down through genes and heritability or can follow external events and can be caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain states Dumit (2003). Depression is known to be treated many different ways such as biological treatments, as well as, therapy and hypnosis. Depression not only involves the mind, it also involves the body and thoughts. Depression is real and may result in devastating acts if not treated properly.

There have been reports which have said sleep deprivation not only increases sleepiness but it also accelerates deterioration of mood (Kaida and Niki). Sleep and mood are closely connected; poor or inadequate sleep can be the source of irritability and anxiety, while healthy sleep can enhance well-being (Sleep and Mood). Therefore, sleep is crucial to have a pleasant mood and outlook on life on a daily basis. The typical adult requires about seven to eight hours of sleep for each night to have good well-being. University of Pennsylvania researchers found that subjects who were restricted to only four and a half hours of sleep a night for one week reported feeling more stressed, angry, sad, and mentally exhausted (Sleep and Mood). Furthermore, college students who

One of the scariest emotional experiences a person can ever suffer during their lifetime is to experience a form of depression. Over one in five Americans can expect to get some form of depression in their lifetime. Over one in twenty Americans have a depressive disorder every year. Depression is one of the most common and most serious mental health problems facing people today. However, depression is often not taken seriously because of the large use of antidepressant drugs and the large number of sufferers. Depression is a serious illness and should be taken as so. Contrary to the popular misconceptions about depression today, it is a serious and deadly disorder.1

Depression is the most common of all psychological disorders, affecting 100 million people worldwide. The depression ranges from mild feelings of uneasiness, sadness, and apathy to intense suicidal despair. (Kasschau) If left untreated, it could lead the