Analysis Of End Stage Renal Disease

Since the first successful kidney transplant in 1954, the procedure has evolved from a risky experimental procedure to a relatively safe and standard procedure. Since then, doctors have been consistently raising the bar and have had success with numerous organ transplants, including hearts, lungs, livers, skin and even full facial transplants. Organs can be donated from the obvious, a deceased person, or from a cadaveric donor (someone who is declared brain dead) or from live donors. The transplantable organs from a live donor include the kidney, part of the lung and liver, and part of the eye, the cornea. The donor organs

If your blood type is O you can donate to O, A, B, or AB. The blood type A can donate to A or AB, Blood type B can donate to B or AB. Ab can donate to A, B or AB. The A, B and AB genes are common while O isn’t as much. Another thing key for detecting whether or not an organ will match the recipients body is the major histocompatibility complex. This is a group of genes on the surface of the cell, the genes have building blocks of protein that help the immune system detect weird substances that are not recognised. When organs are transplanted into the recipient’s body the human leukocyte antigen molecules from the donor are recognised by the immune system, this allows the alloimmune response to match a donor with a recipient, this is especially important in the transplantation of kidneys. When organs (specifically kidneys) are transplanted new antigens are welcomed into the body, the immune system realises that these organs are not right so they are rejected, by recognising the MHC antigens in both the donor and recipient match these organs will not be

In order to be eligible for an organ donation list, you must be in end-stage organ failure. This means that one of the patient’s organs has not been working for a while and it is impossible for them to live without some kind of help or transplant. For many patients, end-stage organ failure can come as a shock even if they have known for months that one of their organs was failing. With kidneys, this means the patients are put on dialysis if they are not already. Dialysis is a process that mechanically helps to do the things that the kidneys normally do. This can include filtering waste and toxins out of the body. Many organs can be transplanted from living and dead donors, including kidneys, heart, lung,

With the cases that have been found patients will either die or develop ESRD which has a five year survival rate of 34% to 38% and 14% accounting for the deaths of patients acquiring infections.. End stage renal disease is when the kidneys stop functioning properly, all together, where you cannot live without dialysis. This is unfortunately permanent and can never be fixed. You will either need dialysis or a kidney transplant. Two thirds of the patients that needed dialysis died and the thirty percent of the other patients had permanent renal impairment within the first year after developing aHUS despite performing plasma exchange or plasma infusion. Patients that develop TMA will undergo kidney transplant and considering TMA is the transplanted organ it often leads to transplant failure. Even the patients that had the kidney transplant are still at high risk of infects such as neurological, cardiovascular complications and also premature mortality. Also, knowing that is disease is systemic meaning that it will effect many parts of the body liver-kidney transplant are only open to very view patients due to the lower number of organs

Organ/tissue donation from the living requires that the donors be physically and mentally in good health. Some medical condition can prevent the donor from donating organ/tissue to recipients. You can either know the person whom you would like to donate to or either contact a transplant center to begin with the medical screening process. Medical screening process would involve blood work to see if you are compatible with the recipient. A team known as the Independent Donor Advocate assist with the donation process (www.UNOS.org).

End Stage Renal Disease also known as stage 5 of Chronic Kidney Disease. When this development happens you either need Dialysis or a kidney transplant to stay alive. DaVita has more than 2,100 outpatient dialysis centers located around the country. Our Kidneys are located in our lower back and are bean shaped organs that is very important to help our body filtrate waste and excess fluid amongst a few other things. It is said that “1 in 10 adults have Kidney Disease”.

In the United States there are 122,365 people waiting for organs to be donated; of those 100,218, are waiting for a kidney transplant. The transplant list is so long that some patients wait up to 10 years to receive a kidney. These patients wait in agony for a kidney they may never receive. An article by Barbara Mantel affirms that the most common reasons for kidney transplant include: Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, kidney stones, Inherited Kidney disease, and inflammatory effects of drug therapy for other diseases. The U.S Department of Health and Human Services records show that in 2012 there were 30% more deceased Kidney donors than living donors. The

Some friends and I started learning this information about ten years ago. It wasn 't long before several of us were thinking seriously about donating a kidney to someone who needed it. There was almost a race to see who could be first. We now understand that this is not unusual, that often family members have a similar competition in order to be able to save the life of a loved one. And others who have donated to strangers have said that they felt the same keen desire to be accepted as a donor, because they felt, like us, that it would be a great experience.

End stage renal disease (ESRD) occurs when the kidneys lose its function to eliminate waste and excess water from the body (NLM, 2014). A total of 661,648 cases of ESRD was reported in 2013, of which 117,162 were new cases (United States Renal Data System, 2015). 88.2% of individuals of the newly reported cases with ESRD started renal replacement therapy with hemodialysis, 9% chose peritoneal dialysis, and 2.6% received a kidney transplant. Dialysis is recommended to remove excessive salt, water, and waste products from the body, when kidney function reaches 15% (NLM, 2014). Additionally, dialysis helps control blood pressure as well as aid the kidneys in producing red blood cells. Common complications of dialysis are: anemia, high blood pressure, myocardial infarction, heart failure, hyperkalemia, increased risk of infections, malnutrition, stroke, seizures, edema, and weakening of the bones.

Mrs. Needs A Kidney is a 71 yo female with a history of ESRD secondary to daily NSAID use / HTN on hemodialysis status post living non-related kidney transplant. An altruistic donor has agreed to provide the allograft. The patient and donor have completed the necessary testing and the transplant has been scheduled.

End-stage renal disease is a permanent damage to the kidneys leading to need for dialysis on regular basis to maintain life and its quality (End- stage renal disease, 2013). According to National kidney foundation (2013), the number of ESRD patients in United States which are under treatment are approximately 615,000, out of which 430, 000 are being treated with dialysis more than 185, 000 have successful renal transplant. The data also indicates that there has been 57 % increase in the number of patients diagnosed with renal failure. The rate of disease can be calculated on the basis of number of patients per one million general population and adjusted on the basis of age, gender and sex. In 2008, the data indicates that the adjusted rate of ESRD patients was 351 per million general population and the highest adjusted rate was detected in Ohio valley, Texas, California, and southwestern states (2010 Atlas of end- stage renal disease in United States).

In many cases, the preferred treatment for chronic organ failure is organ transplantation. Organ transplantation involves replacing the organs that have failed in their functions. The lives of many people, including children, has been prolonged when organ transplantation was performed successfully. Organ transplantation has become a major public health issue in the United States due to its attributable death rate and to its excessive cost. The number of organs which are offered for transplantation is limited. Hence, there is a waiting list for receiving the organs. For example, during the last decade in the United States, the available kidneys for transplantation were 11,000 per year while the waiting list for kidney transplantation has exceeded

The possibility of incompatible donors and receivers is a looming beast which not only wastes a good organ, but can also harm the receiver. “Sometimes in living donation, the blood groups of the donor (person who is giving the organ) and recipient (person who is receiving the organ) don't match. In the past, up to 30% of all potential living donor transplants were considered impossible due to blood group and antibody incompatibilities. Recently however, it has become possible to transplant patients in this situation using specialised techniques. Only a few centres routinely perform this in the UK.” (Guys and St. Thomas Hospital, 2017) While we may want to fool ourselves into thinking that the “matchmaker” and other organ distributors are using these methods. They are not. They are only using the cheapest and easiest methods so they can have wider profit margins on their untaxed

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2010, 10% of adults in the United States have chronic kidney disease (CKD). That is estimated at about 20 million people. People with CKD may not feel any symptoms in the early stages, so treatment most likely has not been started. When a person often finds out they are in need of treatment, they may already be in kidney failure or end stage renal disease (ESRD). This paper will discuss the reimbursement mechanisms presented in the Sullivan article, the economics of providing ESRD treatment from the organization's point of view, patients options and potential trade-offs related to cost, quality, and access to

Chronic kidney disease is defined as renal damage that has resulted in a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 60 ml/min and has persisted longer than three months. The disease is irreversible and treatment must be maintained to preserve the quality of life. Management involves eliminating or controlling factors that may potentially cause additional damage to the kidneys.