Analysis Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( Mri ) Based Three Dimensional Reconstruction

Gabriel Fallopius was one of the most noteworthy and respected Italian anatomists of the sixteenth century. He was known as many things during his life time. Although, to this day, he is well known for many of the great discoveries he encountered. During his lifetime of the 16th century, many people didn’t know much about the inside of today’s reproductive system, how they looked like, or what they were. Gabriel Fallopius inspired so many of his students to continue researching in the medical field who later became famous medical professionals. Due to his very successful accomplishments, we are able to learn and observe more of the women’s body to this day.

MRI technicians use cutting-edge technology to create high quality, three dimensional images of organs and tissues inside the body to study

Pelvis: Good-quality, non- contrasted, actual CT examination of the pelvis with coronal reconstructions. The prostate seminal vesicles and urinary bladder appeared WNL. The bowels seen on the study appeared WNL, except for inflammatory changes of the appendix, and cecum consistent with acute appendicitis. .All the structures of the pelvis appeared intact with evidence of bilateral hip degenerative changes.

There did not to appear to be a pelvic disassociation. Due to the shape of the

The evolution to bipedalism resulted in the narrowing of the pelvis. This narrowing was necessary for locomotion, but it increased the difficulty of childbirth for women. In other primates, birth is relatively easy. Babies come through a straight birth canal and are born facing their mothers. The mother can pull the baby out during birth without causing injury to spine of the baby. The human female pelvis is now smaller and babies are forced to be born facing away from the mother. Assistance is needed during birth to prevent injury to the baby's spine. The birth canal is curved and there is barely enough room for the passing of the head and shoulders. (Ackerman).

This week I rotated through CT. CT is computed tomography. CT uses special x-ray machines to show detailed images of the body planes. This machine splits the body into axial, sagittal, and coronal images on one scan. Some CT scans are done with contrast and some are done without contrast. Contrast in used to highlight the vessels in the body so they will show up bright on the image. The contrast is injected through an IV that is inserted by either a tech or a nurse. Most scans were done on the chest, abdomen or pelvis but I also seen a few soft tissue neck scans and head scans. CT does both out patients and inpatients. They have a busy schedule and is very hard for them to stay on track. It doesn’t take much for them to fall behind.

Healthcare has evolved tremendously over the last few decades. Technology, being one of the biggest impacts has reached new heights and has advanced our learning and knowledge to places unimaginable. Many different modalities take place in the health field to ensure the greatest treatment for everyone with improving outcomes. Three modalities that have enhanced and have taken special roles in 3-D imaging include, CT scans, MRI, and Ultrasound; each with their own advantages and disadvantages. These modalities all require training, are cost effective, and take a specific amount of time to obtain all the necessary information. These same modalities have different traits regarding the use of radiation, contrast, evidence

Contrary to what many know and believe about ultrasound, sonography is not only about the happy and exciting moments of revealing to expecting mothers the gender of their baby. Sonography is a field that requires lifelong learning, commitment, and dedication. It is a challenging and fulfilling career, involving critical thinking and using knowledge of anatomy and instrumentation to produce proper images, thus making the sonographer an important part of the medical team. What draws me to pursuing a career in sonography is its intriguing combination of science, technology, and art. Applying expert use of technological equipment to interpret how the body works using scientific knowledge makes sonography

Sandra is a 34yo, G5 P0311, who was seen for a follow-up ultrasound assessment. As you know, she has a complicated obstetrical history with one 36 week preterm delivery and 3 other losses that occurred between 19 and 22 weeks gestation. Those 3 losses are complicated in that she has PPROM and some bleeding but was also found to have advanced cervical dilation. This brought up the question of potential incompetent cervix and the need for cerclage. This will again be discussed further below. She does have a history of chronic HTN but is currently not on treatment and her BP is normal at 104/84 and her urine evaluation is negative. She also does have some issues with anxiety and depression but again is stable without treatment. Based on

45% of all pelvic fractures are sacral injuries [1]. They can occur in high energy collisions, with motor vehicle accidents making up 57% of these crush injuries [2]. Traumatic force can lead to compression, which then precipitates neurological complications [3]. For this reason, these fractures are musculoskeletal injuries requiring emergent action at trauma centers to reduce the risk of complications.

As stated, this project was executed solely for the purpose of learning and exploring. Because of all the intricacy within the thin cross section cuts and the detailed CT and MRI scans, the digital format of the project is extremely detailed and educational. Some big achievements obtained through this project have been critiques on prostate surgery for men with prostate cancer (Grady). The images shown from the VHP allow surgeons to see tricky nerves and muscles within the body, resulting in less drastic measures for surgery. Another finding is the discovery of an unnamed/undocumented facial muscle. The project also benefits high school and college teachers and students teaching or taking anatomy classes. It’s very beneficial to these people because the files are free and able to be accessed by anyone, and the information that they hold very well furthers the education and learning experience of young people hoping to learn more about human anatomy. It is plain to see that this project is so great for many people who desire new knowledge about the human

Multiple pelvic fractures involving both acetabulum and both pubic rami, left sacral iliac crest fracture

A diluted, non-ionic contrast is pushed into the uterus and fallopian tubes with a power injector at a steady pace. The power injector controls the pressure and helps to prevent intravasation because it is not injected with excessive force. With conventional HSGs, accidental air bubbles from the injected contrast media can mimic abnormalities such as polyps. Because of the accuracy from the three dimensional reconstruction, these are more confidently recognized as an air bubble rather than a falsely identified abnormality. One of the disadvantages of the virtual HSG is the increase in radiation to the patient’s gonadal region. A conventional HSG is measured at approximately one milli-sievert (mSv) and the virtual HSG is approximately 2.6 mSv (Patricia M. Carrascosa). With the use of “automated modulated tube current”, a .9 mm slice thickness, and a short scan time

Magnetic resonance imaging has the potential of totally replacing computed tomography. If history was rewritten, and CT invented after MRI, nobody would bother to pursue CT. --Philip Drew (Mattson and Simon, 1996)

On Friday October 20th, I went to CDI south to shadow a sonographer. During this time, I got to sit closely to my mentor Tanya, and watch her complete ultrasounds on patients, and learn a lot more about the job. I was not able to do anything job related during this time, for many safety reasons, but I was able to sit right next to Tanya as she completed many different ultrasounds. During this shadowing session, we saw a total of 5 patients. Before every ultrasound, you have to prepare the room for the patient by putting a sheet on the bed, putting a pillow cover on the pillow, and retrieving towels for the patient after the ultrasound is over. The sonographers also have to prep the ultrasound machine, and read over the patient’s report and information to ensure they know the background of the patient before they come in. The sonographer will then go out to the waiting room to grab the patient, and bring them into the room, ask them certain questions about their medical conditions and ultrasound, and then they will give the patient instructions and preform the ultrasound. The first patient was a middle-aged woman, and she came into CDI to receive a pelvic ultrasound to look at her ovaries, kidneys, bladder, and other organs in this area. During this time, I got to see the patient’s ovaries and bladder within the ultrasound. The sonographer will be looking to make sure there isn’t anything unusual within the ultrasound, and make sure the systems are operating properly. We did