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Experiment #4: Newton’s Second Law
Abstract
The objectives of this lab were to: 1) investigate the acceleration of a puck yielding different values of force; 2) explore how equal forces accelerate different masses; and 3) explore the relationship between acceleration, mass, and force in accordance with Newton’s Second Law. The acceleration of frictionless systems due to gravity was compared for each object. The equipment used in this lab include a string, an air table, a spark timer and pucks, meter rule, a large plain white sheet of paper, a detachable pulley, Velcro strips, a weight hanger and a set of weights.
While testing Newton’s law of motion in investigation one, one of the
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Mathematically, F = m2g = W2. Notably, m1 not only applies to the accelerated mass but also, represents a combination of m2 and m1.
F/ m = a = {W2/ {(m1 + m2)} = {m2/ (m1 + m2)} g.
Investigation #1
Set Up and Procedure
This experiment investigates the motion of a hanging mass system/ puck for different forces or hanging masses. In other words, it explores the relationship between acceleration and the force applied. To begin with, a carbon paper was inspected on the table before covering it with a large sheet of regular paper. Second, the mass of the puck was measured and recorded. Third, compressed air was turned on, followed by the spark timer. Finally, the velocity was determined as a function of time and the data was tabulated as shown below:
Data and Analysis
Table 1: Data for Investigation #1 Puck mass = 547.8 g 49.6 g 99.4 g t Δ x v (cm/ s) δ Δt δ v t Δx v2 (cm/ s)
1 0 1.1 33.03303 0.0000666 0.0008333 0 1.1
2 0.0333 1.1 34.53453 0.0000666 0.0008333 0.0333 1.2 34.53453
3 0.0666 1.2 37.53754 0.0000666 0.0008333 0.0666 1.4 39.03904
4 0.0999 1.3 40.54054 0.0000666 0.0008333 0.0999 1.5 43.54354
5 0.1332 1.4 43.54354 0.0000666 0.0008333 0.1332 1.6 46.54655
6 0.1665 1.5 43.54354 0.0000666 0.0008333 0.1665 1.9 52.55255
7 0.1998 1.6 48.54655 0.0000666 0.0008333 0.1998 2.1 60.06006
8 0.2331 1.6 48.04805 0.0000666 0.0008333 0.2331 2.2 64.56456
9 0.2664 1.7 49.54955 0.0000666 0.0008333 0.2664 2.3 67.56757
10 0.2997 1.9
Given m = 10 kg and g = -9.8 m/s². Find the weight w = -mg.
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