Analysis Of Osteoarthritis: Unherited Genetic Disease

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder. It occurs when cartilage begins to break down or be worn away and the bone rubs together. As a result bony spurs and inflammation of the joint(s) occurs. Surrounding ligaments and muscles may also weaken or stiffen. Major risk factors are: genetics, excess weight, joint injuries, jobs that involve more than an hour of joint stressing activities like kneeling, and sports that involve direct impact on the joints, twisting, or throwing. Bleeding disorders, disorders that blood supply near joints, and other types of arthritis can cause osteoarthritis. Symptoms typically begin while one is middle aged and almost everyone shows some symptoms of OA by age 70. This is important to note because OA is seemingly inevitable for everybody. OA is not curable and typically gets worse with time, but the symptoms can be managed. Strength in weight bearing joints, the hip, the knee, and the ankle, is particularly important for prevention. Also important are not overusing joints and maintaining a normal body weight.

Osteoarthritis is often associated with degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage. Pathophysiology of the disease is complex which involving of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factor that affects the joint homeostasis (McNulty et al, 2013). Recent studies shown increase production of pro-inflammatory cytokines may play a critical role in pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (Bondeson, 2006) which will be discussed in later part.

1882).According to Lewis et al., researchers have not identify a single cause of OA, however, there are few factors that contribute to the development (p. 1881). Some factors are estrogen reduction to menopause women, genetic factors, obesity, overuse of knees by persistent exercise, and aging. In my patient’s case, aging and obesity led her to have OA. Her BMI is 34.1 which fall into category of obesity (see

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the protective cartilage on the ends of your bones wears down over time. Most people don't know they have it because the aches, tenderness, stiffness dont feel like arthritis until x-rays prove it. Just like regular arthritis, it affects the skeletal system. This is because it causes the bones to wear and then become stiff.Primary osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis not resulting from injury or disease, is mostly a result of natural aging of the joint. With aging, the water content of the cartilage increases, and the protein makeup of cartilage degenerates. Eventually, cartilage begins to degenerate by flaking or forming tiny crevasses.Secondary

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease. It’s where flexible tissues in the end of the bones wear down. It mostly occurs in knees, hips, lower back, fingers, and the neck. In Osteoarthritis, the cartilage in the bone breaks down which causes pain, swelling, and problems in moving the joint. When it worsens over time, one can get spurs, where bones break down and develop growths. Even though this can occur in anyone, ones who are over the age of 65 will most likely get Osteoarthritis. Some risk factors will include the increasing of age, obesity, genes, weak joint muscles, previous joint injury, and the overuse of the joint in the body. Some related signs/symptoms can be swelling around a joint, stiff joint, and/or having a clicking sound

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. The prevalent population suffering from OA is the elderly, but it may afflict a person of any age, especially upon injury of the joint. This ailment will usually affect loan bearing joints such as the knee or hips, but it can affect any joint. OA is the breakdown of the protective cartilage within the joint, and the patient will suffer from pain, swelling and/or stiffness of the joint, and a decreased range of motion at the joint. These symptoms can have a debilitating effect on a patient by making menial tasks suck as walking, climbing stairs, or even rising out of bed or a chair difficult. Currently, there are various treatment options available for OA but no cure exists; therefore,

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative and progressive condition affecting synovial joints, which mainly causes degeneration of hyaline cartilage; Although OA can affect any joint containing hyaline cartilage; Its effects take place most often in the weight bearing joints of lower extremities and the most common large joints involved are knee joints [1].

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a very common joint deterioration disease that touches millions of people around the world every day. With an estimated occurrence of 60 % in men and 70 % in women (). Osteoarthritis is a condition sometimes called “wear and tear” arthritis because the joints are affected by degeneration( Mega). With OA it affects the cartilage of the joint which is the tissue that covers the ends of the bones in a joint. With healthy cartilage, bones can slide over each other, and it also helps with the absorbing shock of movement. Unforntantly in patients who have OA, there is a breakdown of cartilage, and it wears away, which allows bones to rub together. As bones rub together this will cause pain, swelling, and possible loss os motion in the joint. After a while the joint loses its normal shape, there may also be bone spurs of the joint. Bone and cartilage may break off inside joint space and float around which will lead to even

A lot of people complain about a pain in every part of the body without knowing where it is. This painful situation is due to the osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, which cause the breakdown of the bone and the loss of joints’ flexibility. Dealing with osteoarthritis is a very difficult process because it involves a lot of ways to reduce its severity. The three major ways involved in dealing with osteoarthritis are medication, getting enough calcium, frequent exercising, and specific prevention.

The present research examines the prevalence of osteoarthritis during the Middle Woodland (ca. 150 B.C – A.D 400) and Late Woodland (ca. A.D 300 – A.D 1000) periods in the Midwestern United States, more specifically

OA is a musculoskeletal disease that causes chronic joint pain and reduced physical functioning (Laba, brien, Fransen, & jan, 2013). Osteoarthritis (OA) is a non-inflammatory disorder of synovial joints that results in loss of hyaline cartilage and remodeling of surrounding bone. OA is the single most common joint disease, with an estimated prevalence of 60% in men and 70% in women later in life after the age of 65 years, affecting an estimated 40 million people in the United States (Goodman & Fuller, 2009). Women are more commonly affected after the age of 55, almost everyone has some symptoms by the age of 70 (Tan, Zahara, Colburn & Hawkins, 2013, p.78). Osteoarthritis can be described radiological, clinical, or subjective.

Osteoarthritis is a common joint disorder that involves deterioration of the synovial joints (Bullock & Hales, 2013, pg. 1017). The purpose of synovial joints are to promote protection, cushioning and shock absorption between two articulating bones. This cushioning and shock absorption is provided by articular cartilage, lining each end of the bones, while the synovial fluid acts as a lubricant. Both of which are encased in the joint capsule that facilitates movement through flexibility and tensile strength (Bullock & Hales, 2013, p.1017). Osteoarthritis occurs when cartilage wears away, resulting in bones rubbing together. From prolonged bone on bone contact, damaged bone begins to grow outward. This is known as osteophytes or bone spurs (American

Petersen she mentions how Approximately 8-10% of all men and women have osteoarthritis in one or more of their joints (Petersen 1) In the first study I read thirty-six elderly patients with knee OA were randomly assigned to treatment with GA, ibuprofen, or placebo during a twelve week session. Many patients think the use of glucosamine is the same usage of ibuprofen so during the usage of it the patients were positioned in a twelve week strength training program on both legs focusing on the quadriceps. Next to the end of the study all three groups had increased their strength but only the GA group had a decrease in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. This suggests that an effect by GA on the response of the OA cartilage to a period of joint loading in humans with knee OA (Petersen 1). There are many different types of risk factors of this disease including age, increased body mass index genetics, and previous injuries to the joints and surrounding

Arthritis is a multifactorial and complex genetic disease distinguished by inflammation, stiffness and joint swelling resulting in pain and loss of joint function. It leads to the demolition of bone, tendon and cartilage that consists of movable joints. There are two major types of arthritis; osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

In the United States, arthritis has become the second most common disorder, in the past years. Moreover, the condition affects more than 34 million Caucasians, 4.6 million African-Americans and nearly 3.1 million Hispanics with women being the most affected (Helmick, 2008). 28.3% of people suffering from arthritis are women whereas 18.2% are men (Helmick, 2008). By the year 2030, it is predicted that the number of patients with arthritis will double if prevalence rates remain the same. Apart from being cost-intensive, Osteoarthritis (OA) affects nearly twenty seven million Americans, which effectively limits their work (Reid, Shengelia & Parker, 2012). The statistics show that Caucasians are the most affected and the Hispanics to be the less affected from Caucasians, Hispanics, and African Americans. It also shows how women also have greater possibilities of getting arthritis than man ever did.