Riba And Imbalance

The fact that banks control 97% of the world's money supply makes them a vital institution. Banks are the engine of our modern financial system and a source for economic growth. The bank's ability to create credit can have destructive effects; the Great Depression of 1929 and the Great Recession of 2008. In both cases, banks spurred on an asset bubble through overextending credit to aid the purchase of assets. The result was an economic collapse that wiped out wealth and reduced credit creation which stalled productive investments. The lessons of the two great economic collapse support the notion proposed by the author, that bank credit for transactions that do not contribute to the economy should be restricted.

The alternative approaches that can prevent the circumstances lead by the financial crisis is represented to be dependent upon virtue-based ethics in which the morality of business is internal as well as the major good implications not lies within the rights or regulations however, in term of classical normative view particularly including honesty, business fairness and generosity. Virtue ethics are mainly concerned with the actions itself rather than on moral implications in order to behave according to the derived regulations as well as rules. In reference to specific consideration, it is identified in terms of case study that banks should adopt Equator principles as well. The Equator rule includes accumulation of banks that have marked a record expressing ways they will secure the earth. It is identified that where the borrower does not or cannot conform to these standards of socially capable speculation. Despite the fact that RBS have utilised their drive by joining to this rule they haven't tailed it too thoroughly. The previous research investigations claim that

Becoming an expert in Islamic economics and finance field is one of my long-term goals in life. I started to organize and made a plan towards achieving that dream since senior high school. The concern towards Islamic economics and finance concept, and its application for society and the country began when I was reading a book entitled Islamic banking-theory and practice. After finishing reading the book, my interest in Islamic economic and finance topics rose and strengthen my own determination to become the expert of Islamic economics and finance. The main principle of Islamic economics and finance which offers the just and ethics in economic activity, poverty alleviation through income distribution mechanism, and prevention of economic and

In addition, when the lenders or financial institutions practices riba-based system, it will give a great blow to the poor or the needy due to the compounding effect of the interest. Lending riba-based loans will exploit the poor as it will result in more poverty and reducing their future earnings. This is because the longer the borrowers cannot pay the loan; the higher amount of loan will be due to its interest. On the other hand, riba-based loans make the rich lenders richer because they gain the benefit by advancing their extra money based on interest from the needy, and this will increase their future earnings. This situation shows the rich become richer and the poor become poorer. In the other meaning, riba will create wide gap between the rich and the poor, where finally the situation will divide these peoples into classes which can occur inequality and give negative picture on the social aspect of a country.

Riba is Arabic term defined for usury or interest. The word Riba means excess, increase or addition. According to Islamic terminology, interest means effortless profit which comes free from compensation or in the simple meaning, any excess compensation without due consideration. Any positive, fixed, predetermined rate tied to the maturity and the amount principal is considered Riba and is prohibited in Islamic financial systems. This prohibition is based on an arguments of social justice, equality, and property rights. Islam itself encourage the earning of profits but forbids the changing of interest because profits.

Almost 80% of respondents were non-Muslims. Therefore these research reports are mostly non-Muslim customer’s opinion on corporate banking Muslim. This study proves that Muslim banking products are not so popular among corporate customers in Malaysia and only a few maintain banking relationships under the Islamic banking system. In addition, nearly 65% of respondents indicated that their knowledge of Islamic banking system is very limited. This study shows that there is a misunderstanding among respondents regarding the objectives of Islamic banking. While 38.1% of respondents were uncertain about the nature of profit sharing system in Islamic banking, 50% believe that this principle is the only principle adopted by Islamic banks as a replacement Riba. Respondents were not familiar with other principles such as Musharakah, Ijarah, Wakala, and Istisna'a. Overall, the conclusions of the study are that there is a general knowledge that inadequate corporate banking products and services to Islam among

Islamic banking also provide the knowledge of Riba (interest) Hibha (gift) wadiah (safe keeping) ijarah ( lease , rent , wage) deposit product investment product and financing product (debt based) financing product (equity based ) trade finance

Unearned income means that any personal income that come from investment and more sources that not related to employment services. There are various of unearned income such as interest from saving account or bond interest. People or company start to lend on interest and like parasite that lives rather than proposition business ventures and using their business awareness, skill, knowledge and knowledge about entrepreneurship, The money or something valuable that is easily gain is usually be waste on activities that does not benefit in economics such as gamble, betting, drinking alcohol, horse-racing and others. This type of activities are illegal in terms of Islam and Muslim are forbidden to involve in those kind of activities. This is because it could destroy mankind health and prevent the economics growth. Therefore, avoid Riba can guarantee the growth of economics and could prevent any illegal activities in the

“The riba of Jahiliyyah was a transaction whereby a person would sell something for a payment to be made at a specified

Islamic banks heavily in democracies. The advantage on return on assets of .0105 and on return on sales of .1507 outline conventional banks` better financial performance and asset utilization than Islamic banks compared to crisis period. The difference between conventional and Islamic banks on Net interest margin/ Total interest income have also grown from .0275 to .1001 point in the favour of conventional banks, this shows that conventional banks have become even more cost efficient than Islamic banks in democracies. Conventional banks are better on profitability, asset utilization, return on asset and were effective and efficient in all respects.

Similarly, Mobarek & Kalonov (2014) provided empirical evidence, using two frontier approaches, from many OIC countries to compare Islamic and conventional banking. They found that though conventional banks more efficient in their operations, Islamic banks had an upper hand when it came to financial stability. Their extensive study covered pre-crisis and crisis periods. The finding of Mobarek & Kalonov (2014) is validated by an earlier study conducted by Al-Hares, AbuGhazaleh, & El-Galfy (2013) in which they studied banks from 2003-2011. Al-Hares, AbuGhazaleh, & El-Galfy (2013) found that Islamic banks in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) were less efficient than

The challenge for Muslim countries like Bangladesh is to overcome its late entry into the market against well-established jurisdictions all over the world. Another subsequent challenge would also be to educate the masses and the other industry stakeholders regarding Islamic Problems and Prospects of Islamic Capital Market In Bangladesh 59 financial principles, products and investments. The challenge for them is to motivate authorities to provide favorable platforms and policies to make such initiatives viable. The Islamic financial operations are subjected to strange rules different from the ones applicable to the conventional operations; there are a number of challenges being faced by ICM. For instance, in many cases, the Islamic capital market has had to comply with the regulatory provisions meant for the conventional system which has an entirely different underlying objective and approach. Additionally, it should be noted that the

Islamic finance refers to the provision of financial services in accordance with the Shari’ah Islamic law, principles and rules. The principles of which “emphasise moral and ethical values in all dealings have wide universal appeal” - (Institute Of Islamic Banking And Insurance - What Is Islamic Banking) Shari’ah does not permit the use of Riba (Interest), "gharar" (excessive uncertainty), "maysir" (gambling), short sales or financing activities that it considers harmful to society. The purposes and use of Islamic banks are similar to conventional banks, the only difference is that, Islamic banking is in accordance with the rules of Shari’ah which can also be known as ‘Fiqh al-Muamalat. Charging customers interest and fees for their services runs conventional banks. Islamic Banking is now well established, and heavily institutionalized in some 76 countries (Ariff and Iqbal). The existence of modern Islamic financial institutions was first recognized in 1960s and now has spread to a large number of Muslim countries including GGC (Gulf Cooperation Council), Arab, South and South East Asia, North Africa, and some of the west countries including UK, France, Denmark, etc. number

The purpose of this study is to examine those factors which help the consumers in the selection of Islamic banking sector. It is observed that Islamic banking sector is the most growing industry in Pakistan so, according to the customer’s preferences the selection criteria for Islamic banks is proposed as Shariah compliance, Quality and Attractiveness of Offerings, Friendliness of bank personnel, Cost and benefit analysis and Awareness. It is also observed that there are many factors but these are the most important factors which patronage the customer toward Islamic banks.

Sejak awal kelahirannya bank syariah dilandasi dengan kehadiran dua gerakan renaissance Islam Modern: neorevivalis dan modernis, tujuan utama dari pendirian lembaga keuangan berlandaskan etika ini, tiada lain sebagai upaya kaum muslimin untuk mendasari segenap aspek kehidupan ekonominya berlandaskan Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah. Upaya awal penerapan sistem profit dan loss sharing tercatat di Pakistan dan Malaysia sekitar tahun 1940-an, yaitu adanya upaya mengelola dana jamaah haji secara non-konvensional. Rintisan institusional lainnya adalah Islamic Rural Bank di desa Mit Ghamr pada tahun 1963 di Kairo, Mesir.