Analysis Of Telehealth For Underserved Families : An Evidence Based Parenting Program

Parents experiencing poverty may struggle to provide for their children and can become very stressed from dealing with the monotonous monetary requirements. Within poverty stricken households extreme variations of parenting and guidance can be observed, from little to no presence or direction, all the way to the other side of the spectrum with severe overreactions. “Higher levels of stress negatively affect parenting style, and these parents tend to be more authoritarian or inconsistent.” (Katz, 18) Family structures, living environments, mental health, personalities, and educational backgrounds are all likely to be contributing factor to both parenting

I also was quite startled by the health disparities rural populations face in regard to access to care issues and recruiting health care providers. I am originally from the state of Iowa -- I saw many parallels between rural health care in West Virginia and Iowa. In college I did my nursing clinical rotation in a rural area in Iowa and I remember how hard it was for patients to find transportation to a health care facility. It was especially difficult for patients who needed specialty health care services like oncology. This is where I really think innovative information technologies like Telehealth can make a difference in rural populations’ health outcomes. Hopefully, more rural health care centers will make the commitment to adopting

According to the result of a research with 72 families, mostly African American, the family and the type of parenting used by caregivers have a significant impact in the self-concept in children in the age 8 to 12 (Vanager, 2013). The better the parenting styles, the better the conception and the image that the child develops of itself. Children raised by parents that use a positive parenting style, develop a solid self-esteem and have a positive perception of their physical appearance. By the study, the family income is closely related to school performance, and that African American girls are more successful in school than

It is often said that children are our future and there certainly seems to be few statements that would ring more true. After all, children literally are the legacy that will grow up to carry on society, and their ability to thrive as successful adults rests largely upon the impact that they receive during their childhood. Effective parenting is an incredibly important aspect of a successful society, but it is also a difficult objective to achieve. According to the American Humane Association (2007), 63 percent of children experienced at least one situation of neglect in 2005 while 17 percent experienced physical abuse and 7 percent emotional abuse. Based on these unexpectedly high numbers, there appears to be a significant need in communities around the country for greater efforts to influence positive parenting strategies and provide parents with opportunities for education, stress relief, and added resources. Additionally, Robert Putman (2000) described a trend of declining social participation in a wide area of American life including organizations that help enforce positive social norms for children. Due to this trend, the parent-child relationship within society is perhaps more important than ever before. Because of these realities, the project being proposed in this paper is a parenting resource program for a county.

This current study was formulated to test the four parenting styles as they relate to adolescents in four sets of outcomes. Parenting styles were assessed based on authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent or neglectful style of parenting. Adolescent outcomes were based on psychosocial development, school achievement, internalized distress, and problem behavior. The researchers compared how the different parenting styles related to the outcomes of the adolescents and how they compared with each other.

Variables controlled for included maternal psychological stress, gender and ethnicity. In the sample, child behaviour was measured based on a parent(s) Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, which accounted for emotions, conduct problems, hyperactivity and peer problems. It was found that children with behaviour problems were strongly correlated with parental depression, although low SES, single motherhood and low SES neighbourhoods were also correlated. The research demonstrated high SES parents had a positive influence on child outcomes. Although, not every child is affected by their neighbourhood SES composition. It was generalized that parents with a high SES has a positive influence on their child’s conduct. Families with a lower SES compared to the rest of their neighbourhood had children who were better at adjusting their emotions. Previous research had suggested that low SES children had an increased probability of developing emotional and behavioural problems, and the aim of this study was to provide more evidence for these

The main idea of this study was to analyze nine different family structures, such as children living with married couples, cohabiting couples, children with single mother, and single father families, with and without grandparents, and skipped generations families, which were children living with their grandparents without parents; and children’s well-being by analyzing outcomes in four domains: barriers children’s health care access, health, health care utilization, and schooling and cognitive outcomes comparing with their socio-economic status such as family income, level of education, and home ownership.

methods of parental intervention, and at the conclusion of the study after four weeks, each

Similar to diagnosis standards, there is no standard for treatment methods or procedures. However, there are a few popular treatment programs, and Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is one (“Best practice treatments”). PCIT is a “dyadic behavioral intervention” centered around the caregiver and the child playing together (“Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) 2006). The therapy procedure was designed for children ages two through seven, although it has been adapted for children ages four through twelve (“Parent-Child Interaction Therapy” 2006; “Parent-Child Interaction Therapy”). The goal of PCIT is to decrease the child’s behavioral issues, increase the child’s social skills, and improve the relationship between the child and the caregivers (“Parent-Child Interaction Therapy” 2006). The program is completed when the caregivers master the skills, usually within ten to twenty one-hour sessions. For this reason, PCIT is only successful when the child has the same caretakers for the duration of the program (“Parent-Child Interaction Therapy with At-Risk Families”).

There are school-based programs that could help as (Dawson-McClure et al. 2015) suggest, Parent Corp is one of many programs that help underprivileged children and their parents battle the adverse effects of poverty specifically dealing with behavior and learning problems that impoverished children have. According to the article, A population-level approach to promoting healthy child development and school success in low-income, urban neighborhoods: Impact on parenting and child conduct problems stated children who come from these areas are more likely to have dysregulated behavior (Dawson-McClure et al. 2015). Areas of high poverty have limited resources to help parents, which endanger the children 's long-term prosperity. These types of programs are not always accessible to those in need.

Parents completed the Child Behavior checklist to calculate their children’s emotional and behavioral problems. Also the parents completed the Parental –Child Relationship Inventory. It concluded that the majority of parents who did not have a strong bond with their children where the ones who had children with emotional and behavioral problems. It resulted as stated in the article, “Mother’s depression is an important predictor of mothers rating of young children’s externalizing behavior problems” (Middleton 333). Considering the fathers, the effect that they have towards their children internalizing behavior problems was not likely significant because the amount of the fathers who were being tested was small, although in the test results there was some negative effect on children when the fathers and the children had poor communication and also when the fathers involvement with their children were low. Due to this article we can say that the presence of having both active and healthy parents is crucial especially at the stage of

The plan for the first week is to build rapport and introduce members and facilitators. Group rules should be established this session. Basic parenting skills will be the education address during this time. The group will identify and discuss daily care, medication usage and health, hygiene, age appropriate discipline, time management, and modeling positive behavior (Systems, 2007, pp. A1-A5). Participants need to be provided with a note pad so they may take notes. Participants will also list their strengths and weaknesses of the skills discussed. They should also be encouraged to keep a journal of daily activities, behaviors, and responses. Discussing these basic skills

There is a common misconception is that children who grow up in low income families end up being more susceptible to experience behavioral problems as they get older, in contrast to that of high income families which generally speaking, people believe children are better off. The report Associations between Family Structure Change and Child Behavior Problems: The Moderating Effect of Family Income challenges the false impression associated with low income families. The analysis was conducted by three experts from Georgetown University Rebecca Ryan, Anna Markowitz, and Amy Claessens. The report analyzed the different structures of low income families, middle and high income families to better determine whether economic structure played a role in the behaviors of children. The study focused on a specific age group between 3 to 12 years old. Additionally, the study took in to account other changes in a family structure – single mothers, divorce, and father’s involvement in the child’s life. The study illustrated that “significant associations between family changes and child behavior problems emerged only for changes experienced during early childhood and preschool.” Furthermore the data shows that children born into high income families are in fact more fragile to changes in the family structure and that economic status is not necessarily indicative to child behaviors.

Results showed that parenting practises, such as parenting strategies, and child functioning is not affected by the ethnicity of the family, family structure, family income, or gender, but that harsh punishment was more likely to occur from mothers, especially from mother to son (2002).

Importantly, Rebbeca M. Ryan, Amy Claessens, and Anna J. Markowitz (2015) inform that children’s outcome behaviors are affected by their quality of life which indirectly associated with the socioeconomic status. In addition, Liliana J. Lengua,Cara Kiff, Lyndsey Moran, Maureen Zalewski, Stephanie Thompson, Rebecca Cortes, and Erika Ruberry (2014) explain that there is a strong correlation between socioeconomic status and parenting styles and these factors have a huge impact on the outcome behaviors of children. For instance, low-income status parents have a low self-regulation compared to higher-income status parents, which affect their parenting styles (Lengua, L. J., Kiff, C., Moran, L., Zalewski, M., Thompson, S., Cortes, R., & Ruberry, E., 2014). Therefore, the family structure and parenting styles are correlated with the