Analysis Of The Poem ' The Farewell Of Manzanar ' By F. Scott Fitzgerald

There are many things that happened to Japanese-American immigrants during World War 2 that people in this time period aren’t really familiar with. A story from a Japanese woman, Jeanne Wakatsuki-Houston, who was born and lived in this era, with help from her husband, James D. Houston, explains and sheds some light during the times where internment camps still prevailed. The writing piece titled “Arrival at Manzanar", takes place during her childhood and the Second World War. In the beginning, Jeanne and her family were living a calm and peaceful life in a predominantly white neighborhood, until disaster struck the world and they were forced to move due to escalating tensions between Japanese Orientals and white Americans. At the time, Japanese-Americans, like Jeanne, were forced to live in an internment camp, which is a prison of sorts, due to the war with Japan. The text is being told through a first person point-of-view in which Jeanne herself tells the story through her experiences during the war. In that story, which contains only a part of the original text, much of the setting took place either prior to and during the time she was sent to the internment camps and describes her struggle with it. This story clearly states the importance of family and perseverance which is shown through her use of pathos, definition, and chronological storytelling.

In the story of Japanese imprisonment, Farewell to Manzanar, readers follow a young American girl, Jeanne, as she grows up in an internment camp during World War II. Despite being American, Jeanne and other people of Japanese descent are continually attacked due to the racism bred by the American government. They attack her and these people in a variety of forms such as isolation, disrespect, and avoidance.

to her collar and one to her duffel bag. So, for now on all families had

The attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese led to the entry of the United States in the World War II. While the war was going on, the United States decided to put Japanese into camps an effort to get rid of Japanese spies and make sure that nobody had contact with Japan. In Farewell to Manzanar, an autobiography written by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston and James D. Houston, the author shares her experience at camp Manzanar in Ohio Valley, California during the 1940s. The book was published in 1973, about 31 years after Wakatsuki left camp Manzanar.

A Change in Papa “It was Papa himself, his dark, bitter, brooding presence. Once moved in, it seemed he didn’t go outside for months. He sat in there, or paced, alone a great deal of time, and Mama had to bring his meals from the mess hall” (Houston 65). In Farewell to Manzanar: A true story of Japanese American experience during and after the World War II internment, by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston and James D. Houston, Jeanne’s father, Papa, had tremendous changes throughout the course of the book.

Japanese internment camps from 1942 to 1946 were an exemplification of discrimination, many Japanese Americans were no longer accepted in their communities after the Bombing of Pearl Harbor. They were perceived as traitors and faced humiliation due to anti-Japanese sentiment causing them to be forced to endure several hardships such as leaving behind their properties to go an imprisoned state, facing inadequate housing conditions, and encountering destitute institutions. The Bombing of Pearl Harbor occurred on December 7, 1941 (Why I Love a Country that Once Betrayed Me). This led president Roosevelt to sign the executive order 9066, which authorized the army to remove any individual that seemed as a potential threat to the nation (“Executive Order 9066”) This order allowed the military to exclude “‘any or all persons from designated areas, including the California coast.”’ (Fremon 31). Many Japanese opposed to leave the Pacific Coast on their own free will (Fremon 24) . Japanese Americans would not be accepted in other areas if they moved either.Idaho’s governor stated, Japanese would be welcomed “only if they were in concentration camps under guard”(Fremon 35). The camps were located in Arizona, Arkansas, Wyoming, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, and California where thousands of Japanese Americans eventually relocated. (“Japanese Americans at Manzanar”) The internment lasted for 3 years and the last camp did not close until 1946. (Lessons Learned: Japanese Internment During WW2)

Farewell to Manzanar is sociologist and writer Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston's first hand account of her interment in the Japanese camps during World War II. Growing up in southern California, she was the youngest of ten children living in a middle-to lower class, but comfortable life style with her large family. In the beginning of her story, she told about how her family was close, but how they drifted apart during and after their internment in the camp. The ironic part of it is that her family spent their entire time together in the same camp. So why did her family drift apart so? What was once the center of the family scene; dinner became concealed with the harsh realities of the camp. This reflects the loss

“The name Manzanar meant nothing to us when we left Boyle Heights. We didn’t know where it was or what is was. We went because the government ordered us to” (12-13). In the book, Farewell to Manzanar, this is the situation that Jeanne Wakatsuki and her family are thrown into during World War II. Her family is Japanese, meaning that her family and all other people of Japanese descent living in the United States were seen as enemies during that time. This was all because of the Japanese bombing Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. In 1942, the Japanese were forced to move away from their homes and into internment camps like Manzanar, but the internment of the Japanese-Americans was not only from war time panic. First, prejudice played a huge role in the Japanese-American Relocation because only the Japanese were relocated when the Germans and Italians were also their enemies. Second, a modern day connection with that time in American history is all the tensions today in the Middle East. Lastly, something like the Japanese-American relocation could happen today because of Donald Trump wanting to deport Mexicans that immigrated illegally.

The internment of Japanese Americans is often a part of history rarely mention in our society. One of these internment camps was Manzanar—a hastily built community in the high desert mountains of California. The sole purpose of Manzanar was to house thousands of Japanese Americans who were held captive by their own country. Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston was interned at Manzanar when she was seven years old with her family. Their only crime was being of Japanese descent. In her memoir, “Farewell to Manzanar,” Mrs. Wakatsuki Houston transcribes a powerful, heart breaking account of her childhood memories and her personal meaning of Manzanar.

The narrator suffers from catalepsy, a physical condition in which the individual cannot move or speak for hours or, in extreme cases, for months. According to the narrator’s explanation, what are some of the ways that one can tell a cataleptic is still living?

As a Japanese-American immigrant, Sugimoto also had to face the fierce treatment of the government during the World War II. Sugimoto and his family were confined to the temporary internment camp after the Pearl Harbor bombings. Japanese Americans were treated as threat to the United States after the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Japanese Americans were forced to sell their properties or leave whatever they had and were sent to live in internment camps. The internment camps were surrounded by military forces and barbed wires. Life in the camps was difficult. Around 60 people lived in the same house in the camp and they weren’t even allowed to work. Japanese Americans were treated like prisoners in their own land. Following Executive Order 9066, which was issued on February 19, 1942, the Sugimoto family--consisting Sugimoto, his wife and his daughter Madeleine--was rounded up in the spring by the army and confined in Pinedale Assembly Center. They were then sent to the Jerome camp in Arkansas, moving to the Rohwer camp in June 1944 when the Jerome camp was closed. The government 's treatment shocked Sugimoto. Believing it was his mission as an

Finally, a resolution to the disaster of the internment camps came, after 3 years of suffering (Ng xxii). The end of the terrible event started in December of 1944, when President Roosevelt finally revoked the Executive Order 9066 (JARDA). The events leading up to this included a protest at Manzanar Reception Center, the plans to re-accept Japanese into the army, and the close of a select few reception centers (Ng xii). With the momentum of these advances, and the cancellation of Executive Order 9066, the War Relocation Authority began a six-month process of releasing and relocating internees (JARDA). By 1946, all of the camps were closed and all internees were released, and the violation was resolved (Ng xxi).

On December 7th, 1941 Pearl Harbor was attacked by Japan and in response, the United States entered World War II. Suddenly Japanese-Americans were a threat and internment camps, such as Manzanar, were created to detain them. They would now face indignities and prejudice because of their heritage. Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston grew up behind barbed wire fences and shares her experience at Manzanar in her novel Farewell to Manzanar, revealing what it meant to be someone affected by the exclusion acts. In this coming-of-age tale, Houston struggles with the difficulty of self-discovery and the harsh reality of being a Japanese American during World War II.

Wakatsuki-Houston presents an insightful portrayal of the Japanese-American internment camp in California known as Manzanar. She describes how her life changed throughout the experience as she grew from child to young woman. She captivates the reader's attention with intermittent interviews, describing the seemingly constant turmoil that each prisoner faced.

Lange, a prominent documentary photographer in the twentieth century, took photographs at Manzanar in an attempt to expose the harsh reality of the Japanese internment camps during WWII. After Executive Order 9066—in which President Roosevelt authorized the relocation of Japanese aliens and Americans of Japanese descent—was passed in 1942, the War Relocation Authority hired Lange to take photos of Manzanar to prove to the general public that the individuals within the camps were treated humanely. Instead, Lange challenged the restrictions on what she could photograph and used her talents to document the injustice of Manzanar. Through her photographs, she captures some of the oppression that these uprooted and robbed individuals were forced to endure. For instance, one of her photographs shows how individuals were placed in horse stalls while they waited to be transported to the relocation camps (Appendix A), symbolizing how these individuals were often treated like animals by the state. Since there were no recorded Japanese spies during WWII (Fishkin), all of the individuals in these camps were respectful Japanese visitors or loyal American citizen—many of whom were only loosely tied to their Japanese ancestry—whose whole lives were placed on hold in this racist precaution for the war. In her collection, Lange also