Analysis Of The Stem Wood Biomass Will Be Estimated By Multiplying Volume With Wood Density Essay

The topography of the island is also of note. The west end of the island features a closed-canopy forest with more hardwood trees. The east end of the island is better characterized as a “boreal forest,” a term used to describe regions that are mostly covered by coniferous forests. It is good to note that the balsam fir is found on both ends of the island, but that samples used in the study from the west end of the island were, on average, older, but shorter, than those samples found on the east side of the island.

This document compares and contrasts three future views on timber supply in the southern region of the US as projected by three third-party forecasting service providers – Forest Economic Advisors (FEA), Resource Information Systems Inc. (RISI), and Forisk. All three forecasts lean heavily on data from the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) National Program and Resource Planning Assessments (RPAs) in their projections. In addition, Forisk explicitly breaks down softwood growing stock inventory into pulp, CNS, and sawtimber inventories whereas FEA and RISI are explicit only about sawtimeber and overall softwood growing stock inventories. This further complicates the comparison among the three providers but allows us to gain some insights on the relative shares of the three above components of timber inventory in the South as projected by Forisk.

Based on the current conditions of the area, we hypothesis that tree survivability will be highest in elevations above 3,000 feet and below 3,300 feet, highest in slopes between 0 - 45 degrees, and highest in aspects between 0 - 33 degrees. Tree survivability will also be highest in area with the best soil, water quality, and forest health conditions for successful tree sapling growth.

Looking further into the impacts of the Rodeo-Chediski fire the trees saw the greatest impact of the fire. Almost 90% of the trees suffered complete crown kill (Ffolliott, 2008). Either some trees had survived with low severity, were harmed, or dead because of the drought and the fire combined. Even though some of the trees that had faced high severity apparently after having seen what trees had survived the fire yet by 2004 two years after the fire they had died (Ffolliott, 2008). The wildfire also impacted the standardization structure, post-fire mortality of trees, and stocking of tree reproduction on the Steamer Ridge Watershed (Ffolliott, 2008). After the fire had finally been contained the density of the forest had been forever changed.

In North America, the boreal forest is known to be one of the largest carbon storage systems. A boreal forest is a biome that is made up of trees such as pines, spruces and another conifer species, the Black Spruce being one of the most essential species of the boreal forest. Fires may be a significant element to the ecosystem in terms of maintaining an ideal community by selecting for species and their traits that, in return, shape the environment, however forest fires are causing the Black Spruce species to deteriorate in population size due to the effects of the fires, caused by a rise in temperature. Clearly, temperature is the leading factor causing constant wildland fires across North America. This concludes the degree of heat intensity in the environment is

According to the United States Department of Agriculture, the total area of forestland in South Carolina slightly declined between 2011 and 2014. The 2014 estimate of forestland acreage in South Carolina was 12,974.1. This showed a decrease of about 1.12%. This seems to contradict the stats given by the South Carolina Forestry Association in 2015, which say that South Carolina’s forests contain 25 billion cubic feet of wood, which they say is more than at any time during the last century. The South Carolina Forestry Association also says that South Carolina’s hardwood and softwood forests are both growing more wood than is able to be harvested. The United States Department of Agriculture shows that the number of live trees on forestland in South Carolina actually decreased by 4.1 percent from 2011 to 2014. The number of live trees decreased from 10.1 billion in 2011 to 9.7 billion in 2014. The volume of

One of many possible renewable sources of energy is biomass. Biomass energy is the power that is contained within plant and animals.

The absence of a balsam fir seedling bank prior to the outbreak could be due to unfavorable litter or soil conditions (Greene et al. 1999), higher competition by shrubs prior to the outbreak (Kneeshaw and Bergeron 1999), and the absence of seed trees. Absence of a seedling bank or death of the seedling bank during an epidemic will lead to lack of fir recruitment (Bouchard et al. 2007). But in research by Spence and MacLean (2012) there was a different result: in immature stands the intolerant hardwood regenerations post-disturbance (4%-27%) was higher than pre-disturbance (0%). But the percentage of intolerant hardwood regeneration eventually decreased (from 19%-44% to 4%-25%). This suggests that in immature stands may still have a higher balsam fir composition over

In the U.S. city of Palatka, Florida is a paper mill that affects the environment of the nearby cities. Georgia Pacific has a huge impact on the soil quality due to their extensive process of deforestation, in order to produce tissue and other paper products. An annual report from the environmental management team of Georgia Pacific will show how Georgia Pacific (GP) manages the land. Due to the consistent deforestation, it could possibly strip the soil of its nutrients, which would be tested through the pH, phosphorous, potash, and nitrogen level of an affected area and the area of deforestation. In order for the pine trees to thrive, the trees that

To see the differences of the two sites, basal area, density, species richness, and the Shannon diversity index were used. Basal area and density is the average amount of space of trees in hectares. Basal area is taken using the tree diameters while density uses the number of trees. Species richness is the number of species found. Abundance of each species is used to find the Shannon diversity index. The Sorensen similarity index compares the areas based on the number of the same species. Also, different species were looked at to find the relative basal area, relative density, and importance value of the trees. There were differences and similarities in both

The biomass and density of trees surrounding each plot were also recorded. A static chamber method was used to measure the fluxes of the three GHG. The method was carried out using a closed cylindrical chamber equipped with a small fan, and gas concentrations were measured with an infrared, non-dispersive scope. There were other more detailed, accurate methods used as well to be more accurate with exact numbers for the concentrations of each gas. The concentrations of each gas were compared between each location and results are as follows: As the thickness of the active layer increased, all three greenhouse gas emissions increased. Carbon dioxide fluxes increased with time since the last fire, with the 1969 fire area having the highest CO2 emissions, and the 2012 fire area having the lowest CO2 emissions. Methane fluxes had a significant increase in the 1990 fire area, and a lower influx in all other fire areas. Nitrous oxide had a high influx in every fire area except for the 1990 area, where the fluxes were significantly lower. Addressed in the discussion, the authors write about how their results indicate that areas affected by fire will take approximately 50 years to fully recover to their pre-fire conditions. As well, areas with a recent fire had much lower soil moisture than areas with a long time since last

When analyzing the map obtained for percentage of canopy density in Southwestern Grady Oak Savanna and part of the Green Prairie unit, we can see how there’s some areas that are close to what we would expect in terms of canopy density for an Oak Savanna. This areas, like the ones in the Northwestern part of the Southwestern Grady Oak Savanna and the northern half of the Green Prairie present percentages of canopy cover lower than 50%. However, most of the area analyzed presents a percentage of canopy density bigger than 50%, with some areas presenting values ranging as high as from 86% to 99%. The southern part of the Southwestern Grady Oak Savanna is one of them. The effects of this closed canopy can be

The hardwoods will stay in the shrub state unless the fire frequency decreases then the hardwoods will grow rapidly causing the longleaf pines to fight for nutrients more (Guerin, 1993). As well as helping the longleaf pines receive more nutrients, if you take away the hardwoods from the equation for wildfires, then the length of the time that the fire will be in the forest will diminish greatly. Fires do not affect the adult trees as much as the younger trees because they are more susceptible to the fires from being lower to the grounds or smaller (Boyer, 1993). Since most of the trees in the two forests that were measured on the UNCW campus were mature longleaf pines, the prescribed fires did not affect the trees as must as it would if the trees were

To begin, forest based industrialization is based on forest resources that are used to stimulate economic growth and development. One of the products that have been most important to human economies has always been wood. Wood is durable, light weight, easily worked, waterproof, and a good fiber source. Wood is used in almost every aspect of our lives, for building materials, living, and just surviving. We need wood to build our homes to live in and buildings in which we work and spend the other resource that comes from trees “money”. Studies show that 70% of the products that we use a day are made of some kind of wood. If we were to look around our homes and count all the items that are made of wood we would probably find that 60 percent are made of wood. Without wood humans and other species would never be able to survive.

Logging tropical hardwoods like teak, mahogany, rosewood and other timber for furniture, building materials, charcoal and other wood products is big business and creates big profits. Several species of tropical hardwoods are imported by developed counties, including America, just to build coffins which are then buried or burned. The demand, extraction and consumption of tropical hardwoods has been so massive that some countries which have been traditional exporters of tropical hardwoods are now importing the wood because they have already exhausted their supply by destroying their native rainforests in slash and burn operations. It is anticipated that The Philippines, Malaysia, The Ivory Coast, Nigeria and Thailand will all run out of rainforest hardwood for export within the next five years.