Charlotte Gilman published her short story “The Yellow Wallpaper” in an attempt to drawn attention to not only the danger of the Rest Cure but also to shed light on the treatment of women throughout the late nineteenth century. Women during this time were instructed to maintain within their traditional gender roles often referred to as the Cult of Domesticity; however, this expectation of women resulted in doctors marginalizing the emotions of women resulting in so called “cures” such as the Rest Cure. Therefore, the oppressive treatment of women is best exemplified by exploring the gender roles that resulted in the creation of the Rest Cure which in turn did not cure the severe depression felt by women during this time period. Dr. Silas Weir …show more content…
Haney-Peritz attributes this to it being, “unreadable in its own time because neither men nor women readers had access to a tradition of shared context which would have made the “female meaning” of the text clear” (122). However, in 1973, “the story’s feminist thrust” (113) was illuminated and these key ideas that embody a feminist story are examined by Haney-Peritz.
Quawas, Rula. "A New Woman's Journey into Insanity: Descent and Return in ‘The Yellow Wallpaper." Journal of the Australasian University of the Modern Language Association 105 (May 2006): 35-53. Print.
Within her article, Quawas discusses the emergence of the Cult of Domesticity as a subject across literature within the time period in which “The Yellow Wallpaper” was published. She explains that during the late nineteenth century women were only believed to be happy if they adhered to qualities that included “piety, purity, submissiveness, and domesticity” (35). Additionally, she examines the role of women’s rights advocates by examining their beliefs in the late nineteenth century such as their view that neurosis, “was a result of women’s repressed anger and enforced passivity and inactivity” (40). Quawas later suggests that medical practices against women such as the Rest Cure and other political policies have made
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Silas Weir Mitchell submitted Gilman to explaining that it called for, “isolation, physical inaction, massage, mild electrical stimulation, and fattening, centered on the body as the site of health and disease” (526). However, Thrailkill investigates the idea that Mitchell was convinced that the key to curing his patients was in the physical body completely ignoring the psychological aspect. She then suggests that perhaps men such as Mitchell and Freud have trouble listening to the true problems of women, and instead of proposing the solutions they would to their male counterparts, they suggest that women need isolation and rest to feel better. During this time period, the focus was silencing women as opposed to addressing psychological
Mitchell was predisposed to think that women did not need to leave there bed or even their homes when they were ill. The rest cure also exacerbated normal gender roles of that era. Men were the ones who belonged in the outside world; they were the bread winners. Men needed to be outside of the home and to take care of the needs of everyone in it. In contrast, women were supposed to inside the home of take care of the home. Dr. Mitchell ensures men were not feeling emasculated by being subject to the same treatment as women and be subject to their homes where they felt only women were supposed to be. The story “The Yellow Wallpaper” by Gilman, highlight the mental distress that the rest cure tolls on your mental state. Gilman wrote “The Yellow Wallpaper” because of her experience on the rest cure and she wanted to “save people from being driven crazy”. Another reason that Gilman could have written the short story is to show that women need intellectual stimulation as much as men and that living domestically and not doing things that express a person’s creative side could drive them insane.
In her story, The Yellow Wallpaper, Charlotte Perkins Gilman expresses exasperation towards the separate male and female roles expected of her society, and the evident repressed rights of a woman versus the active duties of a man. The story depicts the methods taken to cure a woman of her psychological state during Gilman’s time, and delineates the dominant cure of the time period, “the resting cure,” which encouraged the restraint of the imagination ("The Yellow Wallpaper: Looking Beyond the Boundaries") Gilman uses the unnamed narrator to represent the average repressed woman of her time and how her needs were neglected in an attempt to mark a fixed distinction between the standards and expectations of men and women. John, the narrator’s husband, take the designated and patriarchal role of a man who believes he knows everything there is to know about the human mind. His belief of his superior knowledge pushes him to condescend, overshadow, and misunderstand his wife. As a result, his wife loses control of her life and escapes into her own fantasy world, where she is able dominate her imagination, free her mind, and fall into insanity. Gilman describes her era’s approach toward female psychology in order to criticize the patriarchal society she lived in as well as to reveal its effects on the women of her time.
In literature, women are often depicted as weak, compliant, and inferior to men. The nineteenth century was a time period where women were repressed and controlled by their husband and other male figures. Charlotte Gilman, wrote "The Yellow Wallpaper," showing her disagreement with the limitations that society placed on women during the nineteenth century. According to Edsitement, the story is based on an event in Gilman’s life. Gilman suffered from depression, and she went to see a physician name, Silas Weir Mitchell. He prescribed the rest cure, which then drove her into insanity. She then rebelled against his advice, and moved to California to continue writing. She then wrote “The Yellow Wallpaper,” which is inflated version of her
It was commonly casted that women during the 19th century were not to go beyond their domestic spheres. If a woman were to go beyond the norms and partake in a “male” activity and not assign to “womanly” duties, it were to take an ill effect on her, because she was designed to act merely as a mother, wife, and homemaker. The short story “The Yellow Wallpaper”, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, demonstrates the status of women in the 19th century within society, revealing that madness in this story stems from the oppressive control of gender on woman. A woman who is trying to escape from confinement may result in madness. The use of madness characterizes women as victims of society, suffering the effects of isolation brought on by oppression driving
However, in the yellow wallpaper, the protagonist completely personified a ‘monster’. There is 120 years between both books, and over these years, as we learn from Dr. Kurtz in Semple’s novel, a husband cannot enforce involuntary treatment and confinement on his wife. Nevertheless, the idea of hysteria continues to exist in society, and many people continue to believe that ‘hysterical’ women deserve to be isolated from the public, as we saw when Dr. Kurtz took Elgie’s side in sending Bernadette away to a mental health facility. Both stories showcase the effects on women’s mental health when hyper-policing their identities within the home, the yellow wallpaper’s protagonist forbidden from writing, and outside the home, Bernadette unable to be herself and having to fit into what her community perceived as being a good mother and wife. As Gilbert and Gubar said that a woman’s virtue is to make her man great but “in and of herself, she is neither great nor extraordinary” (600). Both women felt that they had to be the best women they would be for their husbands, and not for themselves, thus leading them to take extreme actions not only to control their bodies, but their identities that have been
Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s “The Yellow Wallpaper”, is a short story, published in the late 1800s, about one woman’s descent to madness. Finding herself plagued with postpartum depression after the birth of her son, the narrator’s ailment is overlooked by everyone around her. Her husband, “...a physician of high standing..” (Gilman) describes the narrator’s illness as “temporary nervous depression...a slight hysterical tendency.” Her brother and male doctor, also agree with this diagnosis and because so, the narrator is forced to go through a rather peculiar treatment plan that was commonly practiced on women who were considered hysterical during that time period. Considered a societal norm this treatment plan, created by the dominate male,
Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, "The Yellow Wallpaper," is the disheartening tale of a woman suffering from postpartum depression. Set during the late 1890s, the story shows the mental and emotional results of the typical "rest cure" prescribed during that era and the narrator’s reaction to this course of treatment. It would appear that Gilman was writing about her own anguish as she herself underwent such a treatment with Dr. Silas Weir Mitchell in 1887, just two years after the birth of her daughter Katherine. The rest cure that the narrator in "The Yellow Wallpaper" describes is very close to what Gilman herself experienced; therefore, the story can be read as reflecting the
The forceful tone throughout the passage I chose, and story, shows that Gilman was forcefully trying to get her point across through the narrator of the story, that resting, and confinement were not the answers to curing mental health issues, such as postpartum depression, in the late nineteenth century, “Personally, I disagree with their ideas. Personally, I believe that congenial work, with excitement and change, would do me good. But what is one to do? I did write for a while in spite of them, but it does exhaust me a good deal- having to be so sly about it, or else meet with heavy opposition” (Gilman, P. 462). She is forceful. She does not agree with the ideas of rest and confinement as a cure. The narrator wants to be able to be free and live with the normal excitements of life. In addition, she states forcefully, that she writes in spite of her husband and brother. The narrator knows that writing helps her and wants the reader to know that she continues to do it anyways, because she knows that it is in the best interest of her health, to be able to clear her head, by writing down her
“The Yellow Wallpaper” written by Charlotte Gilman is a chilling portrayal of a woman’s downward spiral towards madness after undergoing treatment for postpartum depression in the 1800’s. The narrator, whose name remains nameless, represents the hundreds of middle to upper- class women who were diagnosed with “hysteria” and prescribed a “rest” treatment. Although Gilman’s story was a heroic attempt to “save people from being driven crazy” (Gilman p 1) by this type of “cure” it was much more. “The Yellow Wallpaper” opened the eyes of many to the apparent oppression of women in the 1800’s and “possibly the only way they could (unconsciously) resist or protest their traditional ‘feminine’
Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, "The Yellow Wallpaper," is the disheartening tale of a woman suffering from postpartum depression. Set during the late 1890s, the story shows the mental and emotional results of the typical "rest cure" prescribed during that era and the narrator’s reaction to this course of treatment. It would appear that Gilman was writing about her own anguish as she herself underwent such a treatment with Dr. Silas Weir Mitchell in 1887, just two years after the birth of her daughter Katherine. The rest cure that the narrator in "The Yellow Wallpaper" describes is very close to what Gilman herself experienced; therefore, the story can be read as reflecting the feelings of women like herself who suffered through
During the late 19th century women, as history demonstrates, were to remain confined to their societal expectations and roles. Women were thought of as the weaker sex, emotional, and fully dependent on their male counterparts, child-like. She was to be a pious woman, living a life of true domesticity. If a woman was not able to function in her role as a mother and submissive wife, then she was thought of to be simply undergoing hysteria. In “The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, written in 1892, we are introduced to an unnamed woman suffering from this “nervous depression” (1). This woman and her husband John, who is a “physician of high standing” (1), are taking a three-month vacation in an old colonial mansion. It is in this haunted house that the reader is able to see the psychological deterioration of the woman as she lives under a demanding patriarchal society.
Throughout Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, “The Yellow Wallpaper”, the author displays the destructive outcomes of isolation, inequality, and limitations. Following childbirth and being committed to an imbalanced marriage, Gilman experienced a period of severe depression and was prescribed the rest-cure, complete bed rest and reduced intellectual activity, which stands as the basis for her short story. Due to the author’s personal experiences, she published “The Yellow Wallpaper” in 1899 to prevent other members of society from being driven to the verge of insanity and to demonstrate the kind of madness produced by the popular rest-cure. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s work exhibits the inequitable social status of women in the nineteenth
In Charlotte Perkins “The Yellow Wallpaper,” which was published in 1892, the author explores the gender ideologies of the time period and how women were seen as inferior, resulting in unfair treatment in cases even involving their personal health. The main character, who is a woman named Jane, is led to insanity due to the unsuitable treatment received for her depression, but the insanity she goes into symbolizes a revelation. As she progresses into this insanity, the author ties in the discovery the main character makes of the hidden figure in the wallpaper to a woman making the discovery of how the oppressions and limitations women face must be challenged and changed in order to escape the lifestyle which keeps them imprisoned to the
Charlotte Perkins Gilman published “The Yellow Wallpaper” in 1892, in hopes of doctor’s abandoning S. Weir Mitchell’s “rest cure.” It was based on her first marriage at the age of twenty-four after she had a baby and became extremely depressed. After being prescribed the “rest cure,” Gilman slowly went insane as depicted in the story. Finally, she left her husband, took her baby, and moved away to become a writer (Gilman 150). Despite “The Yellow Wallpaper” being written so long ago it is still a relevant piece of literature composed richly of symbolism.
Through a woman's perspective of assumed insanity, Charlotte Perkins Gilman comments on the role of the female in the late nineteenth century society in relation to her male counterpart in her short story "The Yellow Wallpaper." Gilman uses her own experience with mental instability to show the lack of power that women wielded in shaping the course of their psychological treatment. Further she uses vivid and horrific imagery to draw on the imagination of the reader to conceive the terrors within the mind of the psychologically wounded.