Analysis Of Watermarked Images Using Steganography

Suppose that v(x)= v1x + v2x 2+ … + vn-1xn-1 is host image and modify in the host image bits after insert watermark image results in the following watermarked image:

Information security is a major concept in today’s industrial and computer era, so security must be higher to protect the confidential data. Information security plays major role in computer and network security with the use of different cryptography algorithms that includes the encryption and decryption of data with the uses of the algorithm and the key. By means of text or numerical key for the encryption can be dangerous because with the several hack attacks that a key can be broken. So I have proposed a new mechanism that will replace the text key with the image pixels and can gain high security which cannot be easy to break without prior knowledge.

Since from the earlier times, people are bothered about how to securely transmit secret messages. Both Cryptographic techniques and steganographic techniques are used to achieve this aim. In cryptography, the existence of the encrypted message is visible to the world, whereas in Steganography, only the sender and the receiver know the existence of the message. Darrel Hankerson, Alfred Menezes, and Scott Vanstone explained the various arithmetic behind elliptic curves and addresses some issues that arise in ECC implementation in detail [1]. Lawrence C. Washington provides an introduction to both the number theoretic and the cryptographic sides of elliptic curves. To securely transfer text and image through the network, various techniques have been developed in recent years using Elliptic Curve Cryptography [2]. S. Maria Celestin Vigila and K. Muneeswaran proposed an image encryption algorithm using ECC. They generated the values of k and nB by a random number generator, Comparative Linear Congruential Generator (CLCG) to give credibility [3]. Ali Soleymani, Md Jan Nordin, and Zulkarnain Md Ali creates a mapping table which has the intensity values ranging from 0 to 255 along the row and the corresponding columns of each row contain the elliptic curve coordinates. All the pixels of an image are mapped to related points on the elliptic curve using the table and encryption is done using receiver’s public key. To view the cipher image, we refer to the mapping table and find the

The development of an algorithm to encrypt binary images, they were also aware of the eventual need to encrypt gray and colour images. In the last section of their paper, they proposed a technique which involved printing each of the pixels in an image as half black - half white circles. This allowed the rotation angle of the corresponding circles to vary

Dept. of Computer Engineering, Bhivarabai Sawant Institute Of Technology and Reasearch, Wagholi, Pune, India 1

Abstract: Steganography is a kind of secret communication method used to hide secret data in some digital media such as images, audio etc. Cryptography and watermarking are other similar techniques. Data is secured using these methods, but the fact that data is present somewhere gives us a specific target, whereas sole purpose of steganography is that none must know there is some hidden data in the file. So, steganography easily has upper hand over cryptography and watermarking. Steganography can use almost all kinds of media present over internet to transmit secret data. In this paper, we review some audio steganography techniques, their algorithms and some challenges faced in their design and implementation. We will look in detail some modified techniques for audio steganography. Also, we look at the problems faced with using mp3 files as cover media.

In today’s world when whole world become digitized there is need not only to store and transmit data but security is also main concern i.e. transmission of data with high security. In earlier time there ware attempts to hide a message in trusted media so as to deliver it across the enemy territory[1]. In the modern time of digital communication, several methods are used for hiding information in any medium. There are many method one of such technique is steganography[2] in which digital images are used as a medium for hiding secret message or information in the form of various format such as digital images, video or audio file text file. The main goal of steganography is to increase communication security by inserting secret message into the digital image by modifying the pixels of the image which are not very essential. Another most reliable method of information security is cryptography The steganography is differ from cryptography in the way that cryptography main aim is to keeping the contents of a information secret, while steganography main focuses on keeping the existence of a information secret. The science of protecting information which is mainly in the form of plain text, by transforming it (encrypting it) into an unreadable format, which is known as cipher text. Cryptography is the study of changing information from its normal, comprehensible format into an incomprehensible format, rendering it unreadable without secret knowing secret information and is mainly

Steganography is the act of changing the digital media in a way that only sender and the intended recipient is able to detect the message sent through it.

In DCT, for embedding the watermark records, we divide the photo into one-of-a-kind frequency bands. In Figure four FL denotes the bottom frequency element of the block, even as FH denotes the better frequency component and FM denotes the middle frequency factor which is chosen because the embedding place. The DCT achieves right robustness in opposition to diverse signal processing attacks because of the choice of

A remarkable feature of this technique is the high robustness to any kind of distortion, since both image areas are distorted in a similar way, which means that the watermark recovery by autocorrelation still works [23].

The piracy of software, images, video, audio, and text has long been a concern for owners of these digital assets. Protection schemes are usually based upon the insertion of digital watermarks into the data. The watermarking software introduces small errors into the object being watermarked. These intentional errors are called marks, and all the marks together constitute the watermark. The marks are chosen so as to have an insignificant impact on the usefulness of the data and are placed in such a way that a malicious user cannot destroy them without making the data significantly less useful.

Aim of my Final Project: The proposed approach in this venture utilizes another steganographic methodology called picture steganography. The application makes a stego picture in which the individual information is implanted and is ensured with a secret word which is very secured.

A multi-resolution watermarking method based on the discrete wavelet transform for copyright protection of digital images was presented by Zolghadrasli and S. Rezazadeh [21]. The watermark employed was a noise type Gaussian sequence. Watermark components were added to the significant coefficients of each selected sub band by considering the human visual system in order to embed the watermark robustly and imperceptibly. They enhanced the HVS model by performing some small modifications. The extraction of the watermark involved the host image. They measured the similarities of extracted watermarks using the Normalized Correlation Function. The robustness of their method against wide variety of attacks was illustrated.

ABSTRACT: Digital Watermarking is a technology which is used to identify the owner, distributor of a given image. In recent years, digital watermarking plays a vital role in providing the appropriate solution and various researches have been carried out. In this paper, an extensive review of the literature related to the color image watermarking is presented together with compression by utilizing an assortment of techniques. The proposed method should provide better security while transferring the data or messages from one end to the other end. The main objective of the paper is to hide the message or a secret data into an image which acts as a carrier file having secret data and to transmit to the intention securely. The watermark can be extracted with minimum error. In terms of PSNR, the visual quality of the watermarked image is exceptional. The proposed algorithm is robust to many image attacks and suitable for copyright protection applications.

Information security is of prime concern as data is being transmitted digitally. A system must provide the essential security services such as authentication, data integrity, data confidentiality, non-repudiation, access control, availability [1]. Cryptography is the study of techniques that provide a means for secure communication. It enables the transmission of the information over insecure channels. It ensures that the data is being accessed or is understood by the authorized persons only. Encryption algorithms are one such mechanism that provide the data security. They are used to encode the plain text into a cipher text which is not in a readable format. The initial input data is known as the plain text. The scrambling of the data in the plain text using various substitution and permutation mechanisms is encryption. The scramble data obtained is not readable and is the cipher text.