Analytical Demographic Data Analysis

The number of diverse students entering and graduating from post-secondary institutions is increasing at rapid rates (Education Trust, 2015; Georgetown University Center, 2012). Between the years 2003 and 2013, 77% of public institutions improved graduation rates for underrepresented groups, including African-American, Hispanic, and Native American students (Education Trust, 2015). Despite this increase, there continues to be a graduation gap between underrepresented minority students and White students. Nationally, 42% percent of Black students that enter college will graduate while 62% of White students will graduate (The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, 2005). There is a similar graduation gap for college students who are the first in their family to attend college, or first-generation students. Sixty percent of first generation students that enter college will attend college for six years without receiving a bachelor’s degree (Smith, 2012). Historically underrepresented students and first generation students face unique challenges and hardships that can make graduation difficult (Hunter, Laursen & Seymour, 2007; Jett, Curry, & Vernon-Jackson, 2016; Schwartz, 2012). High impact practices such as the Ronal McNair Post-Baccalaureate Achievement Program (McNair Program) are designed to increase historically disadvantages and first generation student learning and retention in college. An importance aspect of high impact programs such as the McNair

Affirmative Action. For many Texas high school students, these two words haunt them. Their future, or at least their future at the University of Texas, depends on these words. For Abigail Noel Fisher, a 2008 graduate from Sugar Land, Texas, affirmative action and its race bias policies allegedly ruined her chances of getting into this prestigious state university. Fisher argues that race should not be a factor in college admissions processes, Fisher argues for equality. Equality in respect to race is in our constitution; it surrounds us everyday. In theory, race should be irrelevant in this day and age. Humanity has established that one race is not superior to another, so why should race matter at all in the college admissions process? Why should the University of Texas, or any other university, have that “check your race” box on their applications? Abigail Fisher, and every other person applying to the university, deserves as much opportunity as every other student of any race. When it comes to college, intelligence and character should be key to admission- not the color of the applicant’s skin. The University of Texas’ current affirmative action policy is an unfair college admissions process that the Supreme Court should ban so that admissions are based on intellectual ability in high school, national testing scores, extracurricular activities, and community service; this should be changed so that every person,

Affirmative action in college admissions continues to be heatedly debated. In 2003, the Supreme Court had ruled in Grutter v. Bollinger that diversity was a compelling interest for colleges to use race in admissions. In the amicus brief that the American Sociological Association et al. provided to the Supreme Court, sociological evidence was presented to elucidate the value of affirmative action. Yet in 2006, Proposal 2 was passed in Michigan to ban affirmative action in public education (Levitsky). Based on the information in the amicus brief, the correlation between race and socioeconomic status of the minorities, and the negative effects of banning affirmative action, admissions officers at the University of Michigan should consider

Issue: Does the University of Texas at Austin’s “race conscious” admissions process violate the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause, which says states cannot “deny to any person in its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws”? (Amendment XIV)

Every year, millions of students apply to colleges and universities in the United States. The status of their application, whether they get accepted to or rejected by the school of their dreams, may ultimately be determined by two words: affirmative action. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines affirmative action as an effort to correct past injustices, means to right the wrongs of the past, positive steps to correct past discrimination (Affirmative 1). However, for those exceedingly qualified members of a majority group who do not get accepted while less qualified minority members do, affirmative action begins to insinuate reverse discrimination, the unfair treatment of members of majority groups resulting from preferential policies, as in college admissions or employment, intended to remedy earlier discrimination against minorities (Reverse 1). Affirmative action is a topic of contention that has been disputed in the court systems for roughly four decades. It is now time that affirmative action in college admissions be abolished because it erroneously implies that diversity is more imperative than merit and unjustifiably discriminates

When addressing legal issues of diversity in the modern day era, one main topic is brought to discussion, affirmative action. It was put into place by the federal government in the 1960’s and was initially developed to close the gap in relation to the privileged majority and the unprivileged minority in America (Aguirre Jr. & Martinez, 2003). While it has been controversial since its origin, it remains controversial as critics argue it tries to equalize the impact of so many

Sample and Method The sample for this study consisted of 1,204 undergraduates who participated in the NSSE survey as freshmen, from the spring of 2003 through spring of 2006. The setting was a large, public research university in the southeastern United States. The school is characterized as a predominately white institution (> 85% majority students) and had at the time the NSSE was administered, and continues to have, a substantial residential component as part of its campus environment (more than two-thirds of freshmen lived on campus). Bivariate correlations and regression analysis were used to determine an overall statistical relationship between NSSE scores and the two outcomes of interest, time to graduation and GPA (Pedhauzer, 1997). As a follow up, multivariate analysis (MANOVA) was used to investigate differences in NSSE factor scores and scale items for students grouped using two criterion. First, students were grouped by whether of not they had graduated within six years. Six years has become the benchmark used by the U.S. Department of Education for reporting graduation rates and likely represents the outermost extreme that is palatable for those in governance positions in higher education. There now exits pressure from various consistencies and stakeholders for students to graduate from college faster, as evidenced by the

Describe the sample. How does this sample represent the population? What makes a sample strong or weak? Evaluate this sample.

Despite the fact that affirmative action is meant to help it’s wrong and should be stricken from the law books and burned an an inferno of reform.

Comprehending community demographics in public health is important in order to be able to understand the health needs of the specific community. Different counties may have higher needs for different health concerns. This paper will analyze Riverside County, California community demographic.

Siskind the Judicial Branch are the actual main source in ending discrimination and promoting affirmative action. The courts find it a lot easier to issue gender classification rather than strict scrutiny. Strict Scrutiny is a Law which states that if any local Government, Federal, or State that is found in violation of Affirmative Action, will be held accountable. There have been multiple standards, and plans that have been granted to different groups. It involves treatment to those who are women, veterans, and the disabled. There is an equal protection clause in the Fourteenth Amendment which was specifically aimed at eliminating discrimination. Achieving racial balance in a government contracting is not ending general, societal discrimination. Several government officials have stated that diverse and representative student bodies sever a compelling interest. There is more than two dozen end-race or gender-based discrimination. In addition to the two dozen or more statues, states have the right to actually engage in Affirmative Action. If any type of Affirmative Action occurs within any type of local Government, Federal, or State will be subject to Strict

Affirmative action has historically been utilized to ameliorate past injustices endured by minorities of color. In 1978 the Supreme Court of the United States ruled race may be considered when used amongst several factors, as part of university admissions policies (Regents of the University of California v Bakke, 1978). The Supreme Court opinion allowed postsecondary institutions to incorporate affirmative action policies into their admission process. Ever since the Bakke decision affirmative action has been challenged in court. However, the Supreme Court has constantly ruled affirmative action permissible when used in a holistic manner. In the meantime, several states have banned affirmative action policies via legislation or voter initiatives. These states include Texas, California, Florida, Washington, Michigan, Nebraska, Arizona, and Oklahoma. In 2014, Hersch found “. . . the probability of earning a graduate or professional degree from any institution is strongly influenced by the status of undergraduate institution” (2014, p.2). Hersch’s findings are important in context as much of the following research explores the link between affirmative action and admission to prestigious universities. Overall, this paper examines the effects of affirmative action bans on students of color and how their chances of enrolling in graduate school may be negatively impacted.

For my information background I will talk about the demographics, soical, economic, housing. First I will start with the demographics on the NYC census factfinder. for the sex the male population is 42.6 percent. For the female population is 52.4 percent, with a total of 100 percent. The higest age range with 17.3% is 25 to 34 years of age. The lowest age range with 1.8% ie 85 years and over. For kid in the area is 5.7% 5 to 9 years of age. Now we have the race population with a total of 100%. Hispanic or latino of any race is 28.7% , Mexican 3.8 percent, puerto Rican 9.0%, Cuban 0.5%, other hispanic or latino 15.3%, not hispanic or latino 71.3%, White alone 33.1%, black or african American 22.7%, american indian and alaska native 0.2%,

Of the demographic data included in Fayette County’s profile, the indicators/variables that best assess how widespread poverty is includes, but is not limited to, population density, lack of high paying jobs, monthly rent, median household income, educational attainment, unemployment, disability with age, reported pregnancies, uninsured persons, mediocre schools, and crime rates (Center for Rural Pennsylvania, 2014).The rationale for selecting these indicators/variables is fairly simple as each indicator/variable is dependent on each other.

We have taken data from United States Department of Agriculture for various parameters such as population from US Census Bureau, Unemployment from Bureau of Labor Statistics. Labor market conditions substantially impact both the individual and community well- being. Higher Degree People are directly related to labor market outcome, as those who are highly literate are getting handsome money and less likely to be unemployed. We organized the data to understand the status of Employment, Net migrants, population of United States from year 2013 to 2016. This overall advocate the share of market with the income and education.