Analyzing And Exploring The Global City

WWII had a big impact on the social changes in Australia before and after the war. One of the reasons it had such an impact on Australia was due to the immigration policy, which was made to increase Australia’s population. The immigration policy is a policy on legal migrants. Legal migrants who come to Australia under the migration act are non – Australians who come to the country for work or other reasons without permission or people who overstay their visas. This enforces that those who come in the country without permission may be subject to mandatory immigration detention and may be deported from the country at any time, unless been given permission to stay in Australia. This policy has contributed to the multicultural society of Australia today. To this day, there in an estimated 50 000 people who have overstayed their visas, most of these people come from British nations. Those touching base by boat or different means without official classification as refugees are no longer granted permission outcast status on landing. For example, those from an Asian background are becoming a more familiar part of Australia’s society today. Overseas migrant entries have assumed a vital part in changing the face of Australia. The current variety of migrants born in Australia include areas such as The United Kingdom, New Zealand, Italy, Vietnam, China, Greece, Germany, Philippines and India. Since the change in immigration policy in the late 1960s to one of non-discrimination on race or ethnic background, there has been a significant change in the overseas sources of migrants, with settlers arriving from more diverse regions of the world. To this day, Australia’s overseas born population consists of people who practise over 140 recognized ethnic groups, people who fluently speak over 90 different languages and people who believe in over 80 different religions. This expanding ethnic and social diversity has changed the way Australians view both themselves and other societies of the world. It has

Closely associated with the process of globalisation is the notion of ‘World cities’. World cities are those such as London, New York and Tokyo where urban function has moved beyond the national scale to become a part of the international and global system. They are centres of culture, economics, employment, tourism, transport and communications and have been referred to as the command centres of the World’s borderless economy.

Globally, the United States has been known as "a nation of immigrants" almost from its inception. Beginning in the 1600s with English Puritans and continuing today, America is a melting pot of culture and ethnicity. In fact, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, immigration was the major source of U.S. population growth. Looking over our 200+ years we find that to clearly be true, with approximately 1 million immigrants coming to America during the 17th and 18th century. Almost 3 million arrived during the 1860s, and another 3 million in the 1870s. In the next four decades, the number of immigrants rose to over 25 million people, most from various European nations, most arriving in New York or one of the Eastern seaports (Damon, 1981). Despite the politicization, as of 2006, the United States actually was the number one country globally to accept legal immigrants into the country, with a current immigrant population of almost 40 million (Terrazas and Batalova, 2009). In fact, the peak of immigration was 1907, when over 1.2 million Europeans entered the country beginning a push towards legislation limiting immigration in the Immigration and Naturalization Act of 1924 and the 1921 Congressional Quota Act. These immigrants came for two sociological reasons: the push factor (wars, famine, persecution and overpopulation) and the pull factors (jobs and the promise of freedom). Most came by ship, and a passage often cost the equivalent of an entire life's savings causing many

Australia “The Lucky Country”; a stepping stone to a better life. The words of social critic Donald Horne stated in 1964 have been used to describe Australia’s wonderful culture, history and lifestyle. For many 20th century migrants this is what they only knew about the country creating an outburst of migrants arriving into Australia with the desire to seek a better life, escape poverty, war or persecution. They brought along with them a mix bag of emotions; fear and worry, happiness and joy alongside the expectations of the typical Australian life hoping to find acceptance, belonging, freedom and a promising future. However, due to the impact of many polices and historical events that have taken place in the past, the migrant experience has

This article summarized the effects of immigration on Australia from several aspects, include the economic and environment. Also the census data in 2012 shown that Australian culture become more and more diversified due to migration’s population increase (Mercer 2012). The data show that Australia as a new economic center was raising, the refugees and migrations contribute effort for pushing economic positively, though the development was slightly (Williams 1996). Although during the financial crisis, the report found that Australians did not have serious influence. on the contrary, Australians get rich and have more assets (Mercer 2012). The census data also show there is a quarter of Australian was born in overseas, the secondary common spoken language is Chinese in Australia, and the number of migrations from Asia become the biggest (Mercer 2012). It means the multicultural in Australia is more and more

As a larger number of immigrants began to move to the United States from eastern and southern Europe, cities began to increase. Due to these patterns of global migration, between 1870 and 1900, cities increased by at least eleven million people from these immigrants (p.507). While the idea of a growing city benefits big businesses in hiring low-waged workers, this opportunity for work in large industries opened the flood-gates for multiple waves of immigrants. The first wave, those known as the skilled workers “…criticized the newcomers. One Irish worker complained, ‘There should be a law…to keep all the Italians from comin’ in and takin’ the bread out of the mouth of honest people’” (American

However when communist forces captured Saigon and the Vietnam war ended, prompting the mass immigration to Australia. In 1976 the first boat (Fishing Boat KG4435) arrived in Australia with the first Vietnamese refugees on board. Those refugees aboard were accepted on humanitarian grounds, by 1981 a total of 56 boats would arrive with over 2100 illegal Vietnamese refugees. By 1981 a total of 43,400 Vietnamese had arrived in Australia (95% Legally, 5% via boat). In 1990 the Vietnamese Government relaxed departure restrictions creating a jump in migration arrival numbers to Australia. By 1991 there were 124,800 Vietnamese born residents in Australia. In the 2011 the census indicated that there were 185,000 Vietnam born Australian Residents. These numbers show us that Australia was definitely the number 1 choice for immigration.

A world city is a large city that has been outstripped its natural urban network and become part of an international global system. World cities have become the central connecting point for the multiplicity of linkages and interconnections that sustain the contemporary world economy, and its social and political systems. According to the 2004 GaWC studies world cities can be ranked based on their provision of ‘advanced producer services’ such as accountancy, advertising, finance and law. In 2008 the rankings according to the GaWC determined that London and New York were Alpha ++ cities whilst Sydney, Paris, Hong Kong and Singapore were Alpha

Net overseas migration has doubled from 146,800 in 2005-6 to 298,900 in 2008-9 (Australian Bureau of Statistics [ABS], 2011). Migrants born overseas account for a

PART A: Pyrmont is a bustling neighborhood with great restaurants, cafes, parks and beautiful gardens. The local government area is located in the City of Sydney and is an important part of the Darling Harbour region. Housing in Pyrmont is identified by high-density apartments, industrial high-rise buildings, affordable housing and heritage cottages. Pyrmont has a “land area of 27km per hectare” (City Of Sydney, 2014) with approximately 124 people living per hectare, showing evidence of urban consolidation and a large population in the city. The demographics of Pyrmont convey a multicultural and proficient civilization with the demographics conveying that only “39.5% residents are born in Australia” (Australian

Australia is a diverse and multicultural that allows anyone who needs safety and shelter to come to Australia and feel safe and free. Australia wasn’t always like this there was a time where immigrants could not come into the “Safe Haven”. To get away from poverty, war and diseases.

9. In the late 19th century, the United States’ population tripled from the 1850s. The arrival of 16.2 million immigrants fueled this growth. However, beginning in the 1890s, most European immigrants, who were the largest group immigrating, started to have different origins from Europe. Now they were coming from Southern and Eastern Europe. When they came to the cities, such as New York City, which was their port of arrival, they formed ethnic communities because they did not share the same values as the original, Protestant Americans or immigrants before them. Almost all immigrants located themselves in cities, nevertheless, because they came to America to find the “American Dream,” which was believed to be very true and plausible. The cities

Australia’s population is culturally and ethnically diverse. As at June 2010, there were 22.3 million residents in Australia, around one-quarter of the population was born overseas and many residents who were born in Australia have a parent who was born in another country. Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders represent 2.3% of the population

This is a parliament paper, it mentioned the current situation of Australian temporary migration, forms of temporary migration and attached some charts, provided very clear explanation.

In 1990s America, obtaining freedom from governmental control became a social preoccupation. Starting with liberalism’s demand for increased individual freedom, what began as a small movement eventually transformed into a culture-wide fight for social justice and economic growth to create a free market where, ideally, no government would be needed. Activists term this modern movement “neo-liberalism,” or global market liberalism (capitalism), which calls for free-trade policies. While adopting such a system for American cities has been advocated by many people for its economic benefits, it also necessarily creates new relations between the city government and the residents who live there, which in turn affects the urban environment and social relations within the city. The question is a persistent one in our place and time: to globalize, or not to globalize?