Analyzing Gardner's Nine Types Of Intelligence

Ever since Spearman proposed the intelligence theory with G factor, there were several other intelligence theories proposed in response or as an alternative to Spearman’s. Among those, Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence and Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory would be the most influential ones as they are widely accepted and used in real life. Both of the theories share a critical view towards the unitary perspective which is the traditional definition of intelligence. However, the two theories differ in which they don’t agree with what factors should be the measures of intelligence, as well as the emphasis of the two theories.

Howard Gardner introduced the theory of multiple intelligences stating that each person possesses a blend of at least eight different kinds of intelligence: verbal/linguistic, logical/mathematical, visual/spatial, bodily/kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and environmental/naturalistic (Bruno, 2009).

In “A Rounded Version: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences”, Howard Gardner illustrates how there are a variety of intelligences. Gardner starts off with an example how IQ tests may predict achievement in school but may not predict achievement in life. After finding out certain parts of the brain are responsible for certain functions, such as “Broca’s Area” which is responsible for sentence production, Gardner proposes the existence of multiple intelligences. Multiple studies later led him to propose seven distinct intelligences; Musical, bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic, spatial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Each intelligence has certain classifications. According to Gardner’s classifications, I realized my intelligences are bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, and intrapersonal.

Gardner examined many subjects to decide upon the seven intelligences in his Multiple theories of Intelligence. Gardner finally concluded that intelligent behavior does not come from one single quality of the mind. He believed that different intelligences are generated from different metaphorical pools of mental energy, and that these pools enable people to solve problems or create products that are valued within one or more cultural settings. He came up with this concept from his experiences working with members of different populations where certain cognitive abilities are apparent even in the absence of basic abilities. For example, when an autistic person is a genius at math and lacks the ability to tie his shoes.

     A renowned professor of education and psychology at Harvard University, Howard Gardner has radically changed the way we look at intelligence. In 1983 Gardner published the first of two books that theorize that there are multiple intelligences. Gardner believes “that human cognitive competence is better described in terms of a set of abilities, talents, or mental skills, which we call “intelligence” (378). Gardner’s theory dismisses the idea that intelligence is a single attribute of the mind and suggests that there are different types of intelligences that account for different human

Traditionally, people have defined someone who is intelligent as an individual who can solve problems, use logic to answer questions, and think critically. But psychologist Howard Gardner has a much broader definition of intelligence. Compare the traditional idea about intelligence with Gardner's. How have his ideas changed the way we assess the strengths and weaknesses of people?

Gardner describes linguistic intelligence as the “adept use of language.” I interpreted this as the use of language or metaphors to help understand what is being said to the students to bring out the best qualities of the student. I would reach the student by approaching them with the language and give them guidance and directions

"Gardner's original Theory of Multiple Intelligences consists of three components, seven "intelligences," and eight supporting criteria of what comprises an "intelligence." The Three Components include: a definition of intelligence, a challenge to the notion of a general intelligence (g), and a challenge to the conviction that g can be reliably measured." (Helding,

Howard Earl Gardner is a developmental psychologist known for his theory of multiple intelligences. His parents, Ralph and Hilde, were German-Jewish immigrants who fled Germany before World War II. In 1983, Gardner proposed the theory of multiple intelligences in his book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Essentially, his theory states that intelligence is differentiated into multiple “modalities,” rather than being dominated by a single general ability. Overall, mainstream psychology has widely criticized the theory for its lack of empirical evidence and its dependence on subjective judgement.

The theory of multiple intelligences was developed by Dr. Howard Gardner in 1983. The Theory of Multiple Intelligences is a critique of the standard psychological view of intellect: there is a single intelligence, adequately measured by IQ or other short answer tests. Instead, on the basis of evidence from disparate sources, the theory claims that human beings have a number of relatively discrete intellectual capacities. IQ tests assess linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligence, and sometimes spatial intelligence; they are a reasonably good predictor of who will do well in school. This is because humans have several other significant intellectual capacities (Harvard University).

Howard Gardner recognizes that intelligence is more than the single logical-mathematical processing of stored facts that intelligence tests assess. He views intelligence as problem-solving, problem-creating, and problem-finding across a range of situations. There are a total of eight Multiple Intelligences: Logical-Mathematical, Linguistic, Musical, Spatial, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, and lastly, Naturalist Intelligence. These Intelligences allow educators to carefully integrate several content areas within a specific curricula.

Have you ever wondered what your intelligence is based on Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences theory? Howard Gardner first proposed the Multiple Intelligence theory in 1983 and the theory states that “traditional psychometric views of intelligence are too limited” (“Which type”). Gardner’s theory consists of eight multiple intelligences categorized as visual-spatial, linguistic-verbal, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. Gardner believes that “people do not have just an intellectual capacity, but have many different intelligences” within themselves (“Which type”). Every person learns differently, takes in knowledge differently, and responds differently. No person is the

People who have linguistic intelligence are good with words, they are able to use written and spoken words to effectively express themselves. Individuals who are logical-mathematic intelligent are able to anaylze problems logically, and use mathematical operations and the scientific method to solve problems. If a person’s strength is in musical intelligence, they have the ability to perform, compose and recognize musical patterns. Boldily-kinesthetic intelligence means an individual uses their physical abilities to solve problems. Spatial intelligence is the ability to recognize and use and interpret pictures. Interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences deal with understanding other people’s (intrapersonal) and your own (interpersonal) feelings and motivations. Lastly, naturalist intellgience is the ability to recognize and appreciate the relationship between humans and nature ("Gardner

Multiple intelligences are intellectual capacities that every human being has. Everyone has different multiple intelligences, an identical twin, even though they share same genetic but they still have different multiple intelligences. This is because everyone grows with dissimilar experiences and lives in different environment. Multiple intelligences consist of eight elements which are musical intelligence, bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, naturalistic intelligence spatial intelligence, logical-mathematics intelligence, and linguistics intelligence (refer to Appendix 1, Figure 1)

(White, 2005, P.1). In a later book, Gardner combines both the inter and intra personal intelligences, adds a new intelligence, naturalistic, the ability to identify and classify the components that make up our environment. He also proposed the idea of an existential intelligence, a person with the ability to see the bigger picture in life or a concern with ultimate