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Analyzing Invictus

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Analyzing Invictus: Theme Invictus, meaning “unconquerable” or “undefeated” in Latin, is a poem by William Ernest Henley. The poem was written while Henley was in the hospital being treated for tuberculosis of the bone, also known as Pott’s disease. He had the disease since he was very young, and his foot had to be amputated shortly before he wrote the poem. This poem is about courage in the face of death, and holding on to one’s own dignity despite the indignities life throws at us. In the first stanza, Henley refers to the “night that covers me, black as the pit from pole to pole.” This night is a metaphor for the everyday hardships and metaphor mankind faces. The next line, “the pit from pole to pole” is a basic way of comparing the darkness …show more content…

Line 5, “In the fell clutch of circumstance,” followed by line 6, “I have not winced nor cried aloud” immediately creates the image of an animal captured by the “fell clutch” of a predatory bird. The “circumstance,” in Henley’s case, was likely a reference to his unfortunate condition. Though cursed with a great burden, he did not “wince nor cry aloud,” that is, complain loudly about his pain, as an animal carried away would squeal to its demise. Then Chance, in lines 8 and 9, comes out of nowhere with a baseball bat to do his damage: “Under the bludgeoning of chance/my head is bloody, but unbowed.” Henley’s choice of imagery best describes any case of one unfortunate enough to go through various events that are beyond his or her control, much as a prisoner of war beaten by his captors would not allow his head to bow in …show more content…

The “place of wrath and tears” of which Henley writes is the world we live in, the place where we are the prey of “circumstance” and the prisoners of “chance.” Beyond it, however, there is more to life than our everyday hardships. In line 10, “horror of the shade” is the unknown that is across the threshold of life and death that may hold more hardships for the soul yet. In line 11, “the menace of the year,” of course, is the expiration of time, the end of which would mark the beginning of the journey to the shade beyond. To this, Henley holds defiantly that this imminent end “finds, and shall find him unafraid.” This disregard for fear is a declaration of acceptance of all that will come at the expiration of the

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