Anaphylactic Shock Research Paper

Hypovolemic shock is an urgent condition of rapid reduction of circulatory volume in the body, which can be created due to blood or plasma or body fluids loss (Kettley & Marsh, 2016, p. 31; Perner & Backer, 2014, p. 613). Blood loss can be induced by internal or external injuries, excessive perspiration or diuretics (Craft & et al, 2015, p. 852). Maureen Hardy’s hypovolemia has been precipitated by hematemesis.

Shock is a life-threatening condition which happens when the body isn’t getting enough flow of blood. This means that the cells don’t get enough oxygen to enable them to work properly, which can lead to damage of the vital organs like the brain and the heart. Shock can be caused by anything that reduces the flow of blood, including:

When I arrive to the Trauma ICU 4800 unit, all of the nurses were already being followed by other students. The nurse in charge had me follow several different nurses, so I was able to observed several different patient cases. The first patient had received a triple bypass open-heart surgery. The patient had received a creatinine blood test. The patient had a dialysis machine next to them, which was used to function as the kidneys since the patient’s kidneys were not functioning correctly. Also, the patient’s body temperature was lowered from having a taken cool liquids so the nurses were keeping him warm with a bair hugger, which was a machine that helped regulate the patient's’ body temperatures.

Clipboard and stethoscope in hand, I walked toward the double doors that flashed emergency in bright red letters above. It was my first clinical shift as an EMT student, and first day jitters flittered around in my stomach, I had no idea what to expect. However, I was not expecting to witness the fragility of life. About a half an hour into my shift the rapid response alarm blared through the emergency room. I turned to my preceptor and quizzically asked what this meant. “A rapid response is a patient who is in need of immediate medical care and intervention. As an EMT who is part of the rapid response team you will be expected to assist with vitals and chest compressions. Let’s head toward the recess room, and I’ll explain more there.” Eventually, we reached the recess room, and the rapid response team was already there preparing for the arrival of the patient. A nurse was on the phone with the firefighters that were bringing the patient in. Seconds later she announced “It’s a STEMI”. Then fright ran through my veins. A STEMI is medical jargon for a segment elevation on an EKG. In other words the patient’s coronary artery is completely occluded. The patient is suffering from a heart attack. Prior to this, I had never seen someone who was having a heart attack. However, the thing that terrified me the most was that I knew I would be expected to perform chest compressions. I had only ever performed chest compressions on a dummy.

An anaphylactic reaction (anaphylaxis) is a sudden, severe allergic reaction that affects multiple areas of the body. Affected areas of the body may include the skin, mouth, lungs, heart, or gut (digestive system). Anaphylaxis can be life-threatening. This condition requires immediate medical attention, and sometimes hospitalization.

Shock is described as life threatening medical emergency resulting from insufficient blood flow through the body (Huether & Mccance, 2012) There are five types of medical shock. These include septic shock, anaphylactic shock, cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, and neurogenic shock (Huether & Mccance, 2012).

Shock is a life-threatening condition with a variety of underlying causes. Shock is caused when the cells have a lack of adequate blood supply and are deprived of oxygen and nutrients. In cases of shock, blood is shunted from peripheral areas of the body to the vital organs. Hemorrhage and decreased blood volume are associated with some, but not all, types of shock.

blood is accelerated by the heart toward the head along the ascending aorta. In response, the patient's body recoils

Venkataraman, Ramesh, and Michael R. Pinsky. "Toxic Shock Syndrome." Medscape. 16 July 2010. Web. 17 Oct. 2011. <http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/169177- overview>.

This paper will be going over a scenario involving a real patient and what things could have been different with EMS care. It will also be covering what exactly cardiac arrest is and what rhythms produce it. And for every cardiac rhythm in cardiac arrest, there is a specific treatment plan paramedics can follow.

Shock is a collapse of Circulatory function caused by severe injury, blood loss, or disease, and characterized by pallor sweating, weak pulse, and very low blood pressure .There are three basic types of shock. Cardiogenic Shock [includes tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponede and pulmonary embolism] which is caused by the heart failing to pump as designed. Distributive shock [includes septic shock, neurogenic shock, anaphylactic shock and psychogenic shock] which is caused by poor vessel function. Lastly we have hypovolemic shock [includes hemorrhagic shock and non hemorrhagic shock]. Cardiogenic shock is basically shock that is cardiac in nature. It is also the end off of the road for all other causes of shock. Cardiogenic shock

Septic shock is the stage of sepsis when multiple organ failure is evident and uncontrolled bleeding of the body occurs. Septic shock results from the complication of an infection where toxins initiate a full body inflammatory response. Viral, fungal, and bacterial infections can all lead to septic shock, but the most common causes of sepsis are gram- negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria. Sepsis causes severe hypovolemic shock and hypodynamic cardiac function to affect the body, platelets and clotting factors are consumed and thus the body cannot clot blood. Capillary leak occurs and cardiac contractility is poor from cellular ischemia (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2011). For a person to be diagnosed with septic shock, they must have symptoms

Shock is described as a state of hypoperfusion of the organs and tissues, which results in cellular dysfunction and cell death. There are many varieties of shock, but for the purpose of this essay I will focus on hypovolemic shock. The term hypovolemic means low volume; this term in and of itself tells us what the root cause of this form of shock is, low blood volume. There are two different types of hypovolemic shock, hemorrhagic and non hemorrhagic. I will be discussing the possible causes, signs, symptoms, and treatment options for the hemorrhagic type. I will also explain what health care providers in the field should be looking for to determine whether the patient is in a state of compensated or decompensating shock. Compensated shock is when the body is using all of it’s resources to maintain perfusion but in the later stages of shock the patient will decompensate, this is when the body’s attempts at maintaining perfusion are beginning to fail.

Toxic Shock Syndrome is a staph/strep bacterial infection. TSS . It is caused by the use super absorbent tampons, abortions, recent miscarriage.

Shock is described as a state of hypoperfusion of the organs and tissues, which will result in cellular dysfunction and cell death. There are many varieties of shock, but for the purpose of this essay I will focus on hypovolemic shock. The term hypovolemic means low volume, this term in and of itself tells us what the root cause of this form of shock is, low blood volume. There are two different types of hypovolemic shock, hemorrhagic and non hemorrhagic, I will be discussing the possible causes, signs, symptoms, and treatment options for the hemorrhagic type. I will also explain what health care providers in the field should be looking for to determine whether their patient is in a state of compensated shock, where their body is doing everything it can to maintain perfusion, or if the patient is de-compensating and the body 's attempts at maintaining perfusion are failing.