Anatomy And Physiology Of The Ear

The ear is an extraordinary human organ that many people take for granted until it doesn’t function. It is the only device that allows the human to hear sounds in their environment. The ear is made up of many parts that distinguish various sounds through different means. The ear anatomy and physiology along with how sound waves are transmitted into meaningful sounds will help one understand how hearing loss occurs.

The hearing tests with the tuning fork demonstrated a form of conductive hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss is seen in people with cerumen impaction, middle ear effusions, cholesteatomas and otoslcerosis. However, inspection of the external ear canal and middle ear revealed cleared tympanic membranes. Upon a further audiometric work, up, a carhart notch was noted which is consistent with otoslcerosis.

The middle ear has three ossicles (tiny bones) the hammer, the anvil, and the stirrup that connect the middle ear to the inner ear. When sound enters your middle ear, it causes the ossicles to vibrate. These vibrations then move into the cochlea, which is filled with fluid. When the vibrations move the fluid that is in the cochlea, it stimulates tiny hair cells that respond to different frequencies of sound. After the tiny hair cells are stimulated, they direct the frequencies of sound into the auditory nerve, as nerve impulses. (ASHA 2013)

The ear is made up of three parts, the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. The ability to hear is dependent on these three parts of the ear working together, and a problem with any part can cause hearing loss (heaing loss education centre, 2012). The inner ear consists of the cochlea, the auditory hearing nerve and the brain. These are the organs of hearing and balance and convert sound waves into nerve signals. These signals are sent to the brain using a nerve called the vestibulocochlear nerve. Nerve deafness occurs if there is damage to the inner ear and although it is possible to regain some hearing through the help of a hearing device, nerve deafness is often permanent. (deaf websites, 2013)

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All orphans become abandoned or alone at a young age, and this is no exception for Tree-ear from A Single Shard and Izidor Ruckel a real Romanian orphan. The two orphans are the same in many aspects while very different in others. Tree-ear’s parents died from a fever while he was at a young age, but Ruckel’s parents completely abandoned him while he was at the hospital sick with polio. While both are orphans they have key differences and similarities. A difference between the two orphans would be there caregivers.

Please describe presbycusis of the cochlea giving the types and the anatomical site effect and the implications.

The uncomfortable pain of Objective Tinnitus is common in many individuals who yet are unaware of the hearing issue they may have. This research was conducted to determine if there was a method for Objective Tinnitus to be reduced or eliminated. A 38- year old women with objective tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss in her right ear was tested over 2 years (Champlin, Muller, Mitchell, 1990, 817). Surgical procedures were performed using therapeutic embolization. Other testing methods used were computerized axial tomography (CAT), and a miniature microphone system (Champlin, Muller, Mitchell, 1990, 816). These were used to identify if there were any abnormalities on the brain or auditory system. The data recorded showed that the amplitude measurements used in left and right ear for ambient and suppressed conditions were similar. Spectrum energy of tinnitus was “concentrated base on frequency below 2000 hertz (Hz) and often exceeding 40 (decibels) sound pressure level (SPL)” (Champlin, Muller, Mitchell, 1990, 818). Both Spectrum ambient and suppressed conditions used 16 and 4 samples to measure the frequency of the threshold. After assessing the participant, the internal jugular vein resulted in a reduction

The vestibular and cochlear portions of the vestibulocochlear nerve are functionally discrete, and so originate from different nuclei in the brain:

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Earbuds are a major when we go places. Even though they are lightweight, small, and convenient, they have a darker side. They can hurt your hearing. They can damage your eardrum over time. Why you may ask. It is because the of volume. The volume is the cause of the damage, not the earbud. Here is why and how to stop it.

The ear is made up of three parts, the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. The outer ear consists of the pinnae. Its function is to focus sound on the tympanic membrane. The middle ear is where the three ossicles are containes, the Malleus, Incus,

only by the patient. Because the inner ear has no pain fibers, damage is not

Light is made up of photons that has many characteristic of both a wave and a particle. This characteristic of particles acting like a wave and a particle is called the wave/particle duality. It acts like a wave because light has certain frequency in which determines the type of light it is. This property is very similar to sound waves where the wavelength changes how the soundwave sounds to the human ear. Light can be a different electromagnetic wave like UV light, gamma ray, X ray, and etc depending on the wavelength and frequency. Light also acts like a particle because of the photoelectric effect. This was discovered by Albert Einstein’s experiment. The experiment consisted of shooting photon into a vacuum tube. The results of that experiment was that light did not increase the electron output when increasing the intensity of the light. Water is made up of two hydrogen and one oxygen. At room temperature(which is 21°C or about 70°F), water is in liquid form. Within water, the water molecules are moving around giving it its liquid flexibility. However, water is very attracted to each other because water molecules is a very polar. This is because water’s electrons are closer to the oxygen atom due to the electronegativity of the oxygen atom being higher compared to the two hydrogen atom within the water molecule. This creates a hydrogen bond which is the strongest of the three intermolecular forces (beng london dispersion forces, dipole-dipole attractions,