Anatomy Basics
1.1) Levels of Structural Organization
The levels of structural organization are like building blocks, you start with the simplest and add them together to build up to something more complex.
Chemical: Atoms combined to form molecules
Cellular: Cells are made up of many molecules put together
Tissue: Tissues are made up of similar types of cells with common function
Organ: Different types of tissue combine to perform different functions
Organ Systems: Different organs working closely together
Organisms: All organ systems working together
1.2) 8 Necessary Life Functions & Survival Needs
1. Maintaining Boundaries: internal environment remains distinct from external boundaries
2. Movement: locomotion, peristalsis, and contractility
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Atoms- building blocks for each element
Atomic symbol- letter(s) chemical shorthand for element
Energy- the capacity to do work (put matter into motion) Kinetic Energy- energy in action Potential Energy- energy of position or stored (inactive) energy Chemical Energy- stored in the bonds of chemical substances Electrical Energy- results from the movement of charged particles Mechanical Energy- directly involved in moving matter Electromagnetic Energy- energy traveling in waves ex) uv light, xrays
2.2) Biochemistry (Diagram Sheet Attached)
• Carbohydrates contain Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen; their function is to supply food at a cellular level o Monosaccharides = simple
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They contain an amino group and a carboxyl group o Amino Group = NH2 o Carboxyl Group =
1. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen make up carbohydrates. Small carbs contain twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms; simple sugars, called monosaccharides, are the basic building blocks for
Atoms are the basic units of matter and all life is based on them. Life on earth is based on the element carbon. It is a highly versatile atom able to form four covalent bonds with itself or other atoms such as hydrogen and water. Atoms combine to form molecules and those that are carbon based are referred to as organic molecules. Organic molecules occur in four different types in living cells; carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. They are also known as hydrocarbons due to the presence of both hydrogen and carbon. Carbohydrates are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio 1:2:1. They are important sources of energy and are classified in three main groups; monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.
The hierarchical organization structure is pyramid-shaped. At the top of the structure is a single person, who has a small number of people reporting directly to them. Each of these people has several people reporting into them and the number of people at each level increases as you move down the structure.
- Anatomy studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another. Body structures can be seen, felt, and examined closely.
Carbohydrates are used for energy and structural support in cell walls of plants and exoskeletons of crustaceans and insects. They are also used to make cell structures and can make a large group of chemical compounds. Carbohydrates are also made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The testing solution for carbohydrates is Benedict and iodine. Next is proteins, they help bulk up all solid materials inside your body, such as your muscle, hair, skin, and inside organs. Proteins also make up some hormones which help with the chemical control in the body. They
What are the different levels of organization of a muscle down to myofilaments? What is a “sarcomere” and how are its proteins organized?
Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates can come from fruits, vegetables, and grains. There are two different kinds of carbohydrates. The first being simple carbohydrates, which are sugars. Glucose, fructose, and galactose fall under the sugar category. Then you have your complex carbohydrates, which are starch in grains, glycogen stored in our muscles, and fiber. When it comes to energy within our body glucose is a major source of energy. When our body does not get enough carbohydrates to supply enough glucose, our body will make glucose from proteins. I applied this to my life by making sure I eat fruits, vegetables, and grains to get my carbohydrates every single
Carbohydrates are macromolecules which and contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (C,H,O). There are also two types of sugars, sweet soluble and starches which are non-soluble. Sugars can also be single or simple sugars.Carbohydrates can be found in a wide variety of foods such as pasta, wheat and grains, rice, potatoes, fruits and sugars. Carbohydrates are broken down into
What size fibers make up the preganglionic neurons? The postganglionic neurons? Why is the white ramus white, and the gray ramus gray? What does this mean for speed of conduction?
2) What two chemicals are given out when carbohydrates are burned? If carbohydrates (made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen)
In this assignment I’m going to talk about the structure of the main tissues which are found within the body as well as what their role is in the terms of two named organs of the body. Tissues are a collection of similar cells that group together to carry out a specific function within the body. There are four different types of tissue found in the human body which include; epithelial tissue; connective tissue; muscle tissue and nerve tissue.
The Oxford Dictionary of Sociology Defines structure as “A term referring to any recurring pattern of social behaviour or, more specifically, to the ordered interrelationships between different elements of a social system or society… It is sometimes used rather loosely to refer to any observable ‘pattern’ of social activities” More simply put, structure is the
Carbohydrate is a nutrient essential for energy production and the prevention of ketosis, a state where the production of ketones exceeds metabolism. Protein is a nutrient essential for its components, amino acids. Fat is a nutrient which provides insulation, protection and energy for the body.
The so small thing that is being talked about is a cell. This is because even though a cell is so small inside our body, there are many different complications it can generate while processing. There are 4 main organic compound molecules that make up a cell which are Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic Acids. Each of these different molecules have individual jobs in parts of cell while transferring transferring information.These molecules are what help with the structure and function of a cell. Carbohydrates are what provides the cells with energy, they contain simple sugars and glucose which helps cells to create cellular energy. Lipids are what follow Carbohydrates, they generate energy storage for the cell. They also provide shape
Organizational structure is a system that consists of explicit and implicit institutional rules and policies designed to outline how various work roles and responsibilities are delegated, controlled and coordinated. Organizational structure also determines how information flows from level to level within the company (investopedia.com, 2017). If one level or department does not undertake its function accurately the entire business suffers, because all the departments interrelated to each other. There are generally four types of organizational structure: