Anatomy Quiz

-Skin color is caused by melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Melanin is located in the epidermis and is produced by special cells known as melanocytes when they

In the majority of the areas, just four layers can be differentiated: the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and stratum corneum (p.119). Another layer is the stratum lucidum which can be found in the thicker part of the skin of the palms and soles (p.119). The epidermis has major protective function such as protecting the underlying wet tissues of water loss in excessive way, and against mechanical injury (p. 119). The epidermis also protects against the effects of dangerous chemical and to keep disease that cause microorganism out of the body (p.119). Melanocyts is a cell of the epidermis that produces melanin, a dark pigment that gives the color to the skin (p.119). Although genetic plays an important part in the skin color, the quantity of melanin interferes on how dark the skin is (p.119). According to Shier, Butler, and Lewis 2009 “melanin absorbs ultraviolet radiation in sunlight, preventing mutations in the DNA of skin cells and other damaging effects.”

STRATUM CORNEUM: is the surface layer of epidermis and also the layer of skin you see, and it is made up :

course of life, the cells of the outer layer of the epidermis are sloughed off; this

Stratified squamous keratinizing epithelium makes up the epidermis of the skin(Scalnon & Sanders, 2011). Even though this is a good barrier, this tissue would not be suitable for the lining of the trachea or small intestine. Stratified squamous epithelium consists of many layers. Columnar cells are tall and narrow and stratified means many cells (Scalnon & Sanders,2011). This type of epithelium makes the epidermis of the skin, protein keratin is produced.

There is three layers of your skin, the epidermis (outer layer), dermis (middle layer), hypodermis (Lowest layer). Moisture is delivered to the skin through the blood vessels, but the blood vessels only supply moisture to the middle layer of the skin, the dermis. From there the water travels upward and outward through the epidermis but then evaporates into the atmosphere. The evaporation through the epidermis is what causes the skin to crack, flake and be shaped.

The dermis is the deep layer of the skin found under the outer skin. The dermis is mostly made of dense irregular connective tissue along with nervous tissue, blood, and blood vessels. The dermis is much thicker than the outer skin and gives the skin its strength and ability to stretch. Within the dermis there are two clear/separate areas: the papillary layer and the reticular layer.

dermis and subcutaneous layer. The epidermis is the outer layer of our skin, the visible part. Dermis

Skin, the largest organ in the human body covers the whole body. It has many function such as protecting as barrier against radiations, pathogens etc. Skin mainly consists of 3 layers, epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. Epidermis is the outer layer of the skin which is comparatively thin and tough. Epidermis does not have blood vessels and comprised of epithelial cells. Most of the cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes. Epidermis is originated from the deepest layer of the epidermis called basal layer. New keratinocytes slowly migrate up toward the surface of the epidermis. Upon reaching the skin surface, keratinocytes will gradually shed and will be replaced by new cells. Stratum comeum is the topmost layer of the epidermis. It is

The skin has three regions, but only two of them are distinct. The three regions are the Epidermis, the Dermis, and the Hypodermis; the two that are distinct are the Epidermis and the Dermis layer. The epidermis is the physical layer we can see and touch while the dermis is the layer underneath the epidermis that we can not

in thickness from place to place. The first layer of the epidermis is stratum basale; which forms the

The “framer” cells are the fibroblasts which secrete the collagen framework on which further dermal regeneration occurs. Specialized fibroblasts are responsible for wound contraction. The “plumber” cells are the pericytes which regenerate the outer layers of capillaries and the endothelial cells which produce the lining. This process is called angiogenesis. The “roofer” and “sider” cells are the keratinocytes which are responsible for epithelialization. In the final stage of epithelializtion, contracture occurs as the keratinocytes differentiate to form the protective outer layer or stratum corneum.

Fibroblasts, the major cell type of the dermis, produce and maintain most of the ECM proteins. Indeed, they produce collagen, elastic fibres, and glycosaminoglycan [93]. The dermal fibroblasts are differentiated from the mesenchymal cells and appear as thin spindle-shaped cells. The dermis includes other types of cell such histiocytes, mast cells and dermal dendritic cells. Histiocytes are star-shaped cells with a small

Keratinocytes are the most abundant cell type of the epidermis. They are of importance as they produce the structural protein keratin by the process of differentiation throughout the layers of the epidermis (6). The epidermis is organised into four distinct layers - the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum and the stratum corneum (SC) (Figure 2) (7).

the epidermis, 5-6 layers of cork are seen. Cortex is 12-16 layered. In the middle