Anatomy of the Rectum and Anal Canal Essay

2. Name the structure that is a double fold of peritoneum and holds the colon to the abdominal wall.

Brachialis - It's attachments are the deltoid tuberosity and coronoid process of unla. When it contracts it causes flexion. It's located close to the endangerment site the antecubital.

What type of neurons (sensory or motor) are in the ANS? What are the names for the two neurons in the ANS system?

4. A tract in the spinal cord would most likely be found in the white matter.

The digestive system is also known as the alimentary canal from the mouth to the anus.

Martini, F. H., Nath, J. L., and Bartholomew, E. F. “The Musclar System.” Anatomy & Physiology.

A and Cδ fibers of the first order neurons carrying nociceptive signals from the periphery,

Straining frequently while passing stool can bring about piece of the rectum — the end of the large intestine — to project outside the anus (rectal prolapse). At the point where this happens in children, it might be an indication of cystic fibrosis.

As you can see, it is a tubelike structure made of muscle and lined with mucous membrane. The pharynx functions as part of the respiratory and digestive system because it is located behind the nasal cavities and the mouth. It is the structure that we refer to as the throat. It is about twelve and a half centimeters long and consists of three parts; the nasopharynx, oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. (Anatomy.tv, n.d.) The esophagus branches off of the pharynx which carries food to the stomach. Swallowing takes place in the pharynx partly as a reflex and partly under voluntary control. The tongue and soft palate pushes food into the pharynx, which closes off the trachea. The food then enters the esophagus. The esophagus is a muscular tube extending from the pharynx to the stomach. . (Mohan, 2010). It is about 25 centimeters long. The production of mucus by glands in the mucosal lining as you can see lubricates the tube to permit easier passage of food moving toward the stomach. (Thibodeau & Patton, 2008). Food is pushed through the esophagus and into the stomach by a series of contractions called peristalsis. The lower esophageal sphincter is just before the opening to the stomach. It opens to let food pass into the stomach and closes to keep it there. (Mohan, 2010).

The anus is an opening where bowel movements, or stool, leave the body. Imperforate anus is a birth defect in which the anus is missing, blocked, or in the wrong place. Stool normally passes through the large intestine before leaving the body through the anus. When that cannot happen, stool may back up in the large intestine or leave the body through another opening. Most of the time, an imperforate anus can be fixed with surgery.

The rectum is near the bottom part of the large intestine. The end of the rectum is the anus. I can remember this by tracing the path in the photo.

back and control their bladder and bowels. While incontinence is losing control of the bladder

The internal anal sphincter (IAS) represents a thickening of the circular smooth muscle layer of the terminal rectum at the level of the anal canal; it extends about 2 cm below the dentate line and is located between the anal mucosa and rectal longitudinal, separated by the

The external sphincter is a cylindrical striated muscle under voluntary control and comprises predominantly slow-twitch muscle fibres, capable of prolonged contraction. With age there is a shift towards more type II (rapid) fibres (Cni, 1993). The external sphincter has a nerve supply by the inferior rectal branch of the pudendal nerve (S2, S3) and the perineal branch of the fourth sacral nerve (S4). Primary function is closure of the anal canal to postpone evacuation, regulation is partly reflex (e.g., sudden increase in abdominal pressure) and partly voluntary through the visceral and somatic afferent and somatic efferent nerves. The external sphincter also contributes to some extent to the anal resting tone. The external sphincter constitutes the inferior outer aspect of the anal sphincter and envelops the inter-sphincteric space . The external sphincter is approximately 2.7 cm high, but is anteriorly shorter in women (approximately 1.5 cm) (Rociu et al., 2000). The lateral part of the external sphincter is

Testes are kept in the scrotum sac and are two oval shaped glands, about 8,5cm long and 2.5cm wide. A midline septum divides the scrotum into two halves and each testical is covered in two tunics; the Tunica vaginalis from the peritoneum and the Tunica albuginea which is a deeper tunic and a fibrous capsule. The septa from this layer then divides the testes into 250 – 300 wedge shaped compartments or lobules. It is in these lobules that seminiferous tubules are found, where sperm is made. Each lobule contains about 1 – 4 seminiferous tubules. The network into which seminiferous tubules empty is called the Rete testis. After which, the epididymis receives sperm from the rete testis network.