Ancient Americans Essay

According to Carr, writing began in the year 8000 BC, when people would use small clay tokens that were engraved with symbols as a way to keep track of livestock and goods (Carr, The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains). Then during the end of the fourth century BC, the Sumerians and Egyptians both developed their own systems of writings called cuneiform and hieroglyphs respectively. Cuneiform was a system of wedge-shaped characters whereas hieroglyphs was a system of symbols. Both incorporated what is called logosyllabic characters, characters that denoted not just things, but speech sounds too. This meant that both the reader and the writer had to work extra hard to interpret the meaning of each character. As a result, reading and writing cuneiform and hieroglyphs became so mentally stressful that its use was soon restricted to the intellectual elite who had both the time and brain power to read and write the respective system (Carr, The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains). Then around 750 BC, everything changed. It was around this time that the Greeks developed the very first phonetic alphabet with vowel sounds and consonant sounds. Also, through the analyzation of all of the sounds used in spoken language, the Greeks were the first to be able to

In the beginning the nomadic people were not given a good name due to the way they did things and their

Isis is often depicted as the mother of Horus, the hawk-headed god of war and protection. Isis is also known as protector of the dead and goddess of children. She was originally an independent and popular deity in predynastic times, prior to 3100 BCE, at Sebennytos in the Nile delta.

    The river valley civilizations developed writing systems. Each writing system was unique, but they also had similarities between them. The people from Mesopotamia had a writing system called “cuneiform.” The Egyptians had a writing system called “hieroglyphics.” Cuneiform was a writing system based on pictures (3.) Just like cuneiform, hieroglyphics was also based on pictures (11.) Both writing systems presented objects or ideas. Also, they were both carved into stone.

An important technological advancement in the history of mankind was the invention of writing language. Known as cuneiform at the time, its origination hailed from a place in southern Mesopotamia called Sumer in 3500-3000 BCE. The process during its invention involved making markings in wet clay with a reed-like instrument. The reason for its invention was for the flourishment of commerce. The Sumerians needed a way to communicate with merchants and customers from between large expanses of land and sea. They used pictographs in order to scale the quantity of resources required in the trade and represent different objects. To communicate ideas more complex than financial transactions or lists and quantities, a more elaborate writing system was

The First "Europeans" reached the Western Hemisphere in the late 15th century. Upon arrival they encountered a rich and diverse culture that had already been inhabited for thousands of years. The Europeans were completely unprepared for the people they stumbled upon. They couldn't understand cultures that were so different and exotic from their own. The discovery of the existence of anything beyond their previous experience could threaten the stability of their entire religious and social structure. Seeing the Indians as savages they made them over in their own image as quickly as possible. In doing so they overlooked the roots that attached the Indians to their fascinating past. The importance of

The alphabetic writing emerged in Egypt about 5,000 years ago. The ancient Egyptians used to write on papyrus (1), a plant grown along the Nile River. Initially, the terms were not separated from each other and there was no punctuation. The texts were written from right to left, from left to right, and also so that alternate lines were read in opposite directions. Subsequently, papyrus sheets were stuck together to form a roll. In fact, in the ancient world, the main text container was just the roll of papyrus, in which the pages were not numbered. Read these scrolls was not something easy and convenient. To read them, in facts had to use both hands and the portion of text to be read depended on how the roll was

The colonies of Early America had many similarities as well as differences in the way that they treated the people that lived in the community and acted towards their surroundings. An example of the colonies that first settled in the Americas would be the Pacific, New England, the French, and Carolinas. Indeed, these colonies contributed to the way or lives are today in many aspects.

Since the Sumerians were among the first civilizations to show evidence of writing, this era became known as the Protoliterate period. Their basic form of writing was referred to as Cuneiform and consisted of pictograms that were formed by wedges pressed into wet clay. These pictograms later grew into ideograms that depicted thoughts and ideas. For example, "the sign for star could also be used to indicate heaven, sky, or even

Each of the four civilizations had a system of writing. The first form of writing was developed by the Sumerians from the Tigris-Euphrates River, called cuneiform. It had about 300 symbols and was used to mark property boundaries and charts of major constellations. Usually, a wedge-shaped stylus is used on soft clay to produce cuneiform symbols. Cuneiform was later diffused into other following cultures. The Nile River Egyptians developed a different form of writing to help maintain the Egyptian empire. It was pictographic and combined with sound signs to produce hieroglyphics. Most of their writing was done papyrus, which was a fine paper produced from the stem of a water plant. The Indus River also invented their own unique alphabet, however, to this day, it has not been deciphered yet. The most sophisticated form of writing emerged from the Chinese. They came up with characters that symbolized the idea of a thing, naming it

The Maisin people of Papua New Guinea have lived for generations making their living from handmade horticulture gardens, subsidised by hunting, fishing and gathering. The labour in the production of food is divided with men doing the work of clearing the gardens as well as hunting and fishing, while the women do the longer and tasks of gardening, gathering and making clothes. A garden, once clear, is used for around two years before the thin topsoil is used up and it is left to be reclaimed by the jungle. These gardens are used to grown taro, sweet potatoes and other crops as well as wuwushi, a tree whose bark is used to make clothes, that are central to the Maisin both culturally and are used for trade. Furthermore, the economy of the Maisin is based on sharing and mutual trust.

23,000 years ago there was a period of intense cold on our planet. This period caused the creation of the Siberia-Alaska land bridge and also the huge glacial area that cut off Alaska from North America (Wade). Scientists have found that 13,000 years ago, the same huge glacial area in the northwest, melted enough for a group called the Clovis people to migrate the 900-mile long corridor into America. We previously believed that Clovis people were the earliest humans in the Americas but that theory has recently been challenged.

Writing is the physical manifestation of a spoken language. Between 50,000 and 30,000, evidence of language appeared with cave paintings. However, it wasn’t until 3500 BCE when Sumerian people of Mesopotamia started writing called cuneiform. This writing used specific marks in wet clay with a reed implement. These scripts were based on pictorial symbols and later mixed with phonetic elements.

Hieroglyphs- Hieroglyphs was created in 3200 BCE. It was used to write and many people believed it was holy. Scientitsts don't know a lot about its orgin. Many believe the Egyptains created the form of writing after viewing cave paintings. The writing was composed of three different types of symbols: logograms that represented represented words, phonograms that represented sounds, and derminatives that helped clarify the meanings of words. Two types of hieroglyphs were created: hieratic and demotic. Hieratic was written from right to left and was used for religious and public documents. Demotic was used more fequently than hieratic after 7 BCE, with the exception of religious purposes, as it was much more simple. Egyptians gradually stopped

Sometimes the Egyptians wrote from different ways we do today. They write from right to left and top to bottom.