Ancient Chinese Research Paper

Everyday people read newspapers and books, but where did printing begin? The movable type printing press by Johannes Gutenberg made this all possible. Johannes first conceived of this idea of the printing press in the 15th century in order to speed up the slow process of producing books (Bantwal). The movable type printing press, the first real technology of its kind, helped to solve problems, but in turn also caused problems. This technology did influence many areas of life in its lifespan. This includes challenging the church and poisoning people with the increased toxins from mass products of materials. Depending on one’s point of view, this invention could be the best or worst thing to happen during the 15th century. Regardless of

Usually you would hear of hundreds of people being killed by terrorist attacks, airplane crashes, or war, but in Ancient China, the Great Wall of China killed hundreds of peasants in the makings through forced labor. The benefits didn't outweigh the costs because through the makings of the wall, it separated families, killed soldiers, and families/ loved ones sacrificed their lives and lifestyle.

The exploration of the printing press originally came from the Chinese. The Chinese were the ones to first invent the woodblock printing process and even tried to experiment with movable wood types. According to the (Background Essay) it claims “with 50,000 characters, carving each character was impossible.” The English language only had 26 letters, but that still did not make the written communication easy. A small book would take months to complete and a book the size of the Bible took years. In 1455 Gutenberg was

“ All our civilization is based on invention; before invention, men lived on fruits and nuts and pine cone and slept in caves “ - Reginald Fessenden. All major civilizations have a significant influence on mankind and the different inventions the civilizations produced. Although, it is evident that the Chinese Civilization has the greatest impact on the development of man out of all of the civilizations due to the innovation of gunpowder, and the discovery of the silk road.

“Navigation, in its simplest form, means to find your way to a point and back again.” For much of human history, naval navigation consisted of travelling on rivers and waterways, and when at sea, following the coastline so to not get lost. The compass changed that; sailors could boldly sail into the middle of an Ocean, and know that if they headed west, all they had to do to return was head east. The compass itself is a simple navigational instrument that contains a magnetic component that aligns itself with the Earth’s own magnetic pole, allowing the user to know the directions of North and South, and subsequently East and West. Due to the ease of use, and the efficiency of the compass, it played a major role in the Age of Exploration,

The invention of paper really helped calligraphers and communication throughout the Han. Paper became much easier to create because it was much cheaper than what was used before

Xu Bing’s is a Chinese artist who studied printmaking at the Central Academy of Fine Arts in Beijing. His style of art is defined as social realist which was greatly influenced by his time at a re-education camp during the Cultural Revolution in the late 1960’s and 70’s. he favored the popular phrase in that time “ Use your pen as a weapon and shoot down reactionary gangs”. Bing’s father was a historian and his mother was an administrator in the library of science. A Book from the Sky is a four volume printed bound book a total of 604 pages invented 4,000 characters and hand-carved them into wood blocks with walnut wooden cases written in 1988-1991.It is classified as sculpture. It is filled with false Chinese characters, invented by Xu Bing then he cut out pear wood to create the movable type printing technique invented by the Chinese in the 11th century. He uses a traditional Chinese typesetting, and binding stringing. ”Each sheet is folded to make two pages; there are nine columns per page and up to seventeen characters per column. Each double-page sheet is folded along the center line of the print rack and stitch bound. Six-hole stitching , a blank paper lining folded into each –double page covered corner, and blue-dyed volume covers all derived from traditional Chinese book of binding of the highest quality.

The Romans made a stack of bound pages that is now known as one of the earliest creations of the book. The first were made of bound wax tablets, but these were later replaced by animal skin that more clearly resembled pages. Bound codices did not become popular in Rome until the first century. Early Christians became some of the first to use the new invention, using it extensively to produce copies of the Bible.

In ancient egypt, the egyptians originally used clay tablets as a writing surface, but then soon discovered a new,better writing surface, made of papyrus,” what is papyus?” you ask. Papyrus is a natural occurring plant, which was mainly found near the Nile River. Papyrus used to grow in abundance, but now is very rare. The egyptians cut the papyrus reeds, and then soaked them in water, until they began to rot, then they lay the papyrus reeds next to each other and proceed to lay more stalks on top, mash them all together, and then you get something somewhat similar to a thick kind of paper. After the egyptians started using papyrus to write, Greece and Rome then started using Papyrus to write with, but it was not cheap, if you were going

From what I read, bookbinding was created in India. The Hindi scribes began creating pictures, images, or print into palm leaves. The print was mostly religious texts and the Hindi used twines for the binding of the books. There are two board-like structures that protect the inside (which are the palm leaves). They used the two boards as protection of the palm leaves from water, damage, sunlight, and more. This idea began to spread to Middle East.

There are many Chinese inventions that allowed the printing of books. First, paper which was invented by the Han dynasty but was mass produced under the Tang was one of the most important things for printing. Second, in the A.D. 600s the process of cutting wooden blocks was invented and the entire page of characters were cut into the blocks. These blocks could be used to make many copies of something. Moveable type printing helped the Chinese with printing a lot. It was invented by Pi Sheng in the A.D. 1000s and each character used was a separate piece made of clay. Moveable type printing could be moved around to make sentences which was

In the process in making a book the line setter would then combine letters into lines that make up an individual page. The result ends up being a mirror image of the copied page to be printed. The page form is then inked in with printer's ink. Which is most commonly a black ink made of a lampblack varnish and egg white. Printing could then start. Then a special press, Gutenberg derived from the idea of a traditional wine press, would then place down the ink from the page ffor This process then could be used multiple times, with the same exact page form to make as much of that specific page as you

At the point when Gutenberg entered it, printing was a moderate and relentless business. Each new page required the making of another printing structure, as a rule an etched square of wood. He started searching for approaches to make metal throws of the individual letters of the letters in order. The upsides of such a technique were self-evident, or more likely than not been to Gutenberg. Also, segments of a Latin Book of scriptures with two sections of 42 lines each printed- - printed- - on every page. The finished book showed up about a year later; it didn't bear its printer's name, yet it in the end got to be distinctly known as the Gutenberg Book of

The earliest form of printing known is the application of signet stones. This was used in ancient times in Babylonia. Before The Gutenberg Bible, books were traditionally rendered by hand on scrolls. This technique was a feature of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman civilizations (“Printing”). Around the Middle Ages, monks rendered books with quill pens

Johannes Gutenberg (c. 1398-1468)’s printing press was created in the mid-15th century Guttenberg used his moveable type machine to print the first mass produced book- the Gutenberg bible, also known as the 42 line bible, named after the number of lines per column. The publication was printed at the rate of 300 pages per day, an unrealistic quantity during the time of print made possible by his invention. Metal letter forms copied manuscript letters of the time as closely as possible, printing the lingual script of the era- Textura Quadrata, a form of Blackletter. Guttenberg was said to have included alterations of letters in order to copy the irregularities of handwriting, even joining letters to be used as scribes in order to control letter fitting.[1]